简支梁转变为连续梁的弯矩调幅试验研究及其简化计算方法

提出了一种通过在负弯矩区施加预应力将简支梁转变为连续梁的方法。为深入了解连续梁的内力重分布特性,进行了2根连续梁及1根对比梁的试验研究。试验中考虑的参数为预应力钢绞线的长度、单双支座。试验结果表明,简支梁转变为连续梁后,开裂荷载、极限荷载得到了较大的提高。弯矩重分布的规律为跨中截面开裂后,跨中截面的弯矩向中支座截面传递,中支座截面开裂后,弯矩反向向跨中截面传递。在试验研究的基础上,提出了两跨连续梁的弯矩调幅分析方法。计算结果表明:提出的计算方法与试验值吻合较好,可以用来计算连续梁的弯矩调幅。     

无粘结CFRP筋部分预应力混凝土连续梁试验与分析

制备了9根两跨无粘结CFRP筋部分预应力混凝土连续梁,并完成了每跨三分点加载试验。考察了在加载过程中的开裂、中支座控制截面非预应力筋屈服、跨中控制截面非预应力筋屈服、极限破坏状态等阶段的受力特征,获得了无粘结CFRP筋在设计用承载能力极限状态和真实承载能力极限状态下的应力增长规律,基于试验结果提出了在这两个状态下的中支座两侧等效塑性铰长度计算公式,提出了分别以中支座控制截面综合配筋指标为自变量和以中支座控制截面相对塑性转角为自变量的弯矩调幅的计算公式。      

非线性阶段次弯矩及其演化规律试验研究

采用基于割线刚度的等效线性化方法拓展了次弯矩概念,使其能够运用于非线性阶段。进行了4根无粘结预应力混凝土两跨连续梁受力全过程试验。研究结果表明,运用等效线性化方法可以将连续梁非线性阶段的支座反力分解成为预应力等效荷载引起的以及外荷载引起的两个部分,从而分离出次弯矩和外荷载弯矩。非线性阶段,无粘结预应力连续梁的次弯矩随预应力筋拉力的增长而增长。次弯矩折减系数随中支座截面受压区相对高度的增大而增大。承载力极限状态,非线性次弯矩在数值上大于初始次弯矩。     

HRB500/HRB600钢筋作纵筋的混凝土连续梁弯矩调幅试验研究

HRB500钢筋、HRB600钢筋已分别纳入《钢筋混凝土结构设计规范》（GB 50010－2010）和《钢筋混凝土用钢第2部分:热轧带肋钢筋》（GB/T 1499.2－2018）。为考察HRB500钢筋、HRB600钢筋作纵筋的混凝土连续梁弯矩调幅性能,完成了24根两跨连续梁试验。试验结果表明,由于HRB500和HRB600钢筋的屈服强度明显高于HPB235和HRB335钢筋,试验梁中支座控制截面的弯矩调幅不只发生在塑性铰形成之后,在受拉区混凝土进入塑性、经历开裂和裂缝发展直至中支座控制截面受拉纵筋屈服这一较长的塑性发展过程中也存在一定的弯矩调幅。分塑性铰形成前后两阶段对试验梁中支座控制截面弯矩调幅进行考察,第一阶段弯矩调幅幅度β_I介于15.28%~24.21%,第二阶段弯矩调幅幅度β_Ⅱ介于6.91%~30.30%。发现随着受拉纵筋屈服强度的提高,β_I增大、β_Ⅱ减小;随着相对受压区高度的增大,β_I和β_Ⅱ均减小;随着中支座宽度的增大,β_I和β_Ⅱ均增大。基于试验数据建立考虑各关键参数影响的两阶段弯矩调幅系数计算公式。     

基于sap2000的连续梁桥合理跨径比例讨论

连续梁桥具有较为优越的力学性能,并且桥面平顺性好,有利于高速行车。在预应力混凝土的广泛应用下,连续梁桥的跨度达到了150m,数量上电仅次于简支梁桥了。预应力钢筋的应用使桥梁的受力能够很好地按照人的意愿,而等截面能够方便旄工。因此,本文以三跨连续梁桥为例,从寻找等截面连续梁桥边跨最大正弯矩和支座处负弯矩的绝对值相等的情况所对应的边中跨比例出发,讨论连续梁桥合理跨径比例。得到结论：连续梁桥边跨最大正弯矩和支座处负弯矩的绝对值相等时,边跨弯矩较大。选用较小的边中跨比,采取支座处横断面上部配置适当预应力钢筋的措施,具有较好的经济效荔。     

体外预应力加固钢-混凝土连续组合梁的承载力分析

对体外预应力加固钢-混凝土连续组合梁的弹性阶段和极限状态进行了受力分析,考虑了预应力以及预应力筋内力增量对连续组合梁弯矩分布的影响。以力法原理为基础,分别建立了预应力加固连续组合梁在对称集中荷载作用下负弯矩区和正弯矩区屈服荷载以及极限荷载的计算公式,计算结果与两根试验梁的试验结果吻合较好。计算公式可供设计参考。     

预应力型钢超高强混凝土梁抗弯性能试验研究

预应力型钢超高强混凝土梁是融合了超高强混凝土材料、钢结构和预应力技术所形成的一种新型组合构件。为了研究预应力型钢超高强混凝土梁的抗弯性能,进行了14根预应力型钢超高强混凝土简支梁在竖向静力荷载作用下的受弯性能试验,分析了试件受力过程、破坏形态、裂缝开展与分布规律等相关试验数据。结果表明:超高强混凝土脆性破坏显著,导致预应力型钢超高强混凝土梁极限状态后承载力骤降,但内置型钢有效提高了试验梁极限状态后的持载能力;预应力型钢超高强混凝土梁以普通受拉纵筋屈服作为试验梁进入屈服阶段的标志,以受压区混凝土崩裂作为试验梁达到极限状态的标志;荷载达到0.9t up之前,试验梁跨中控制截面基本符合平截面假定。在不考虑型钢与混凝土粘结滑移的基础上,采用ANSYS有限元程序对预应力型钢超高强混凝土梁进行数值模拟计算,试验梁开裂荷载、屈服荷载以及极限荷载的计算值与试验值吻合较好,验证了有限元模型的正确性。     

无粘结预应力CFRP筋钢纤维轻骨料混凝土梁受弯性能试验研究

建立无粘结预应力FRP筋张拉锚固体系,对8根以CFRP筋为非预应力筋的无粘结预应力CFRP筋轻骨料混凝土梁与1根普通混凝土对比试件进行两点对称加载,观察其破坏过程与破坏形态,分析了混凝土种类、预应力度和净跨长度对开裂弯矩、弯矩-跨中挠度曲线、裂缝宽度等受弯性能的影响.从等效轴向刚度思想出发,修正了现有的以钢筋为非预应力...     

CFRP筋体外预应力加固T形截面混凝土梁短期挠度计算方法

通过静力试验和理论分析,研究CFRP筋体外预应力加固T形截面混凝土梁在短期荷载作用下的使用性能,探讨短期挠度计算方法。结果表明,CFRP筋体外预应力加固梁的荷载-跨中挠度曲线呈三折线变化;跨中截面混凝土和CFRP筋的平均应变在梁体开裂之前沿截面高度基本呈线性变化,开裂后,CFRP筋的平均应变明显小于梁底混凝土的应变。基于试验结果,计算开裂刚度折减系数和CFRP筋粘结特征系数,考虑二次效应的影响,运用有效惯性矩法建立了CFRP筋体外预应力加固T形截面混凝土梁的短期挠度计算公式,可供实际工程设计 参考。     

HRB500/HRB600钢筋作纵筋的混凝土框架梁端弯矩调幅试验研究

为研究HRB500钢筋和HRB600钢筋作纵筋的混凝土框架梁端弯矩调幅规律,完成了12榀单层两跨混凝土框架静力加载试验。试验结果表明:由于受拉纵筋屈服强度提高,一方面梁端塑性铰出现推迟,塑性铰形成前会发生一定的弯矩调幅;另一方面锚固于节点内的梁端受拉纵筋应变渗透引起较大的梁端附加转角,加大了弯矩调幅能力。将试验框架梁端弯矩调幅分塑性铰形成前后两阶段进行考察,第一阶段弯矩调幅幅度为10.35%~33.42%,第二阶段弯矩调幅幅度为3.39%~30.5%。基于试验结果,建立了与梁端控制截面相对受压区高度呈幂函数减小趋势、与受拉纵筋屈服强度和受拉纵筋屈服时刻应变渗透引起的梁端附加转角呈线性增长趋势的第一阶段弯矩调幅系数计算公式;建立了与总塑性转角（塑性铰区范围内的塑性转角与应变渗透引起的梁端附加塑性转角之和）呈幂函数增长趋势、与受拉纵筋屈服强度呈线性减小趋势的第二阶段弯矩调幅系数计算公式。     

Neutral axis depth and moment redistribution in FRP and steel reinforced concrete continuous beams

The neutral axis depth is considered the best parameter for quantifying the moment redistribution in continuous concrete beams, as exemplified in various design codes worldwide. It is therefore important to well understand the variation of neutral axis depth against moment redistribution. This paper describes a theoretical investigation into the neutral axis depth and moment redistribution in concrete beams reinforced with fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) and steel bars. A finite element model has been developed. The model predictions are in favourable agreement with experimental results. Three types of reinforcement are considered, namely, glass fibre, carbon fibre and steel. Various levels of reinforcement ratio are used for a parametric evaluation. The results indicate that FRP reinforced concrete continuous beams exhibit significantly different response characteristics regarding the moment redistribution and variation of neutral axis depth from those of steel reinforced ones. In addition, it is found that the code recommendations are generally unsafe for calculating the permissible moment redistribution in FRP reinforced concrete beams, but the neglect of redistribution in such beams may be overconservative.     

Assessing the deterioration of plain and fibrous concrete subjected to flexural fatigue

A flexural cyclic loading machine has been developed for an investigation into the fatigue characteristics of concrete containing small proportions of small steel fibres. Deterioration of large concrete beams caused by cracking was monitored by observation of changes in central deflection, variation of strain across the beam depth, midspan, electrodynamic modulus and ultrasonic pulse velocity. Typical results derived from ultimate load tests whose duration ranged from 0 02 seconds to several minutes and long term fatigue tests have been provided.     

Studies on ductility and evaluation of minimum flexural reinforcement in RC beams

Some experimental investigations on ductility and prediction of minimum flexural reinforcement in reinforced concrete (RC) beams are reported. The minimum flexural reinforcement was evaluated using optimum ductility in RC beams. Beams of size 100 mm, 200 mm and 400 mm were tested, which were designed with varying percentages of flexural reinforcement i.e. 0.15, 0.30, 0.60 and 1.0. The beams were tested under four-point loading to study the flexural behaviour under uniform bending moment. The experimentally obtained average compressive strength of concrete was 30 MPa. The influence of beam size (depth) on cracking and normalised ultimate flexural strength, ductility and overall average rotation has been studied. The cracking in RC beams is complex phenomenon in small size beams, while the cracking strength decreases as the depth increases beyond 200 mm. The flexural strength of RC beams, from the present study, appears to decrease as the depth increases. The ductility of RC beams increases as the percentage of flexural reinforcement increases. The ductility number has been derived from dimensional analysis using fracture mechanics principles. The ductility of RC beams decreases as the depth of beams increases. An optimum percentage of flexural reinforcement has been established using optimum ductility number, N_p, which is equal to 0.20. The minimum flexural reinforcement was found to decrease as the beam depth increases, and decreases as the yield strength of reinforcement increases.     

混凝土翼板完全断开的钢-混凝土组合梁纯钢梁段的受压翼缘局部稳定性分析

为解决实际工程中遇到的混凝土翼板完全断开的钢-混凝土组合梁受压翼缘局部稳定性问题,基于薄板理论,对组合梁混凝土翼板开洞处纯钢梁段受压翼缘的临界屈曲应力计算公式进行了推导,考虑了弯矩梯度的影响,并用通用有限元软件ANSYS验证了公式的准确性。根据临界屈曲应力计算公式得出了合理的受压翼缘宽厚比限值,与现行《钢结构设计规范》中的规定进行了对比。对比结果表明:将《钢结构设计规范》中的宽厚比限值直接用于组合梁开洞处的纯钢梁段,显得过于保守。最后通过算例分析,进一步验证了该文的结论。     

Experimental and analytical investigation of reinforced high strength concrete continuous beams strengthened with fiber reinforced polymer

Carbon and glass fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP and GFRP) are two materials suitable for strengthening the reinforced concrete (RC) beams. Although many in situ RC beams are of continuous constructions, there has been very limited research on the behavior of such beams with externally applied FRP laminate. In addition, most design guidelines were developed for simply supported beams with external FRP laminates. This paper presents an experimental program conducted to study the flexural behavior and redistribution in moment of reinforced high strength concrete (RHSC) continuous beams strengthened with CFRP and GFRP sheets. Test results showed that with increasing the number of CFRP sheet layers, the ultimate strength increases, while the ductility, moment redistribution, and ultimate strain of CFRP sheet decrease. Also, by using the GFRP sheet in strengthening the continuous beam reduced loss in ductility and moment redistribution but it did not significantly increase ultimate strength of beam. The moment enhancement ratio of the strengthened continuous beams was significantly higher than the ultimate load enhancement ratio in the same beam. An analytical model for moment–curvature and load capacity are developed and used for the tested continuous beams in current and other similar studies. The stress–strain curves of concrete, steel and FRP were considered as integrity model. Stress–strain model of concrete is extended from Oztekin et al.’s model by modifying the ultimate strain. Also, new parameters of equivalent stress block are obtained for flexural calculation of RHSC beams. Good agreement between experiment and prediction values is achieved.     

UPPC梁的开裂截面惯性矩及挠度计算研究

为满足无粘结部分预应力混凝土(UPPC)梁正常使用极限状态的设计要求, 必须合理估算使用荷载下构件的挠度。由于预应力筋与其周围混凝土没有粘结, 加之部分预应力混凝土梁的中性轴随外荷载而动, 开裂截面形心轴及开裂截面惯性矩也跟着变, 这给UPPC梁的挠度计算带来了困难。该文建立了一个UPPC梁的开裂截面惯性矩计算方法, 在此基础上, 可以按Branson方法很容易地计算出截面有效惯性矩。该有效惯性矩与按《混凝土设计规范》(GB50010-2010)方法所得的有效惯性矩较接近, 前者与后者之比在0.89~1.10。计算挠度与3个不同研究者的试验对比表明所建立方法是正确的并具有较广泛的适用性, 可用于无粘结预应力筋为纤维复合材料的混凝土梁, 而目前的混凝土结构设计规范方法则无法应用于此类构件。     

A calculation method of cracking moment for the high strength concrete beams under pure torsion

In this study, a method is given to calculate cracking moments of high strength reinforced concrete beams under the effect of pure torsion. To determine the method, both elastic and plastic theories were used. In this method, dimensions of beam cross-section were considered besides stirrup and longitudinal reinforcements. Two plain high strength concrete (without reinforcement) and eight high strength reinforced concrete beams which have two different cross-sections (150 × 250 mm and 150 × 300 mm) were produced to examine the validity of the proposed method. The predictions of the proposed approach for the calculation of the cracking moment of beams under pure torsion were compared with the experimental and the analytical results of previous studies. From these comparisons it is concluded that the predictions of the proposed equations for the cracking moment of plain and reinforced high strength concrete beams under pure torsion are closer to the experimental data compared to the analytical results of previous theories.     

External CFRP tendon members: Secondary reactions and moment redistribution

The response of prestress secondary reactions in the post-elastic range has been a topic of much controversy. Due to the brittleness of FRP (fiber reinforced polymer) composites, external FRP tendon members may have different moment redistribution characteristics compared to conventional concrete members. This paper presents a numerical investigation into the secondary reactions and moment redistribution in prestressed concrete continuous members with external CFRP tendons. The investigation parameters include the initial prestress level and the pattern of loading. The secondary reactions are computed using a newly developed method based on the linear transformation concept combined with a nonlinear finite element analysis. The results indicate that the secondary reactions increase quicker after concrete cracking and nonprestressed steel yielding. As a consequence, the secondary moment should be included in the design moment. The moment redistribution behavior for symmetrical loading is shown to be quite different from that for unsymmetrical loading. The study also shows that the effect of initial prestress on the moment redistribution is rather important.