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1.
无机类富勒烯纳米粒子具有良好的润滑性能.宏量制备高纯度的样品以满足性能测试的要求,是目前面临的主要技术难题.本文采用剥离-掺杂-水热处理这一工艺流程制备了多元金属二硫化物纳米粒子,应用XRD、TEM、HRTEM和EDS等分析手段对其形貌、晶相组成、结构和化学组成进行了表征.实验结果表明,多元金属二硫化物纳米颗粒具有管状形貌,管壁为多层状结构,化学组成为NiX(WYMo1-Y)1-XS2,同时,样品中具有类富勒烯结构的纳米粒子大幅度提高;并依据实验结果对多元金属二硫化物纳米管的形成机理进行了探讨.  相似文献   

2.
为解决无机类富勒烯纳米化合物的制备过程中存在的技术问题,.本文以二硫化钼和二硫化钨为主要原料,采用了剥离一重新堆垛一结构控制这一技术方法,用正丁基锂将上述二硫化物剥离成单层,通过掺杂将金属锰离子引入反应体系中,以将单层二硫化物重新堆垛起来,并进行结构控制.XRD、TEM、HRTEM结果表明,应用上述方法制备出了真空管状多元金属二硫化物纳米化合物;纳米管为多壁管,其微细结构具双层结构特征;并探讨了其形成机理.  相似文献   

3.
高活性TiO2纳米晶的酸催化Sol-Gel法制备与表征   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用酸催化的溶胶-凝胶法制备出了纳米TiO2光催化剂,以甲基橙的光催化降解为探针反应,评价了其光催化活性.运用XRD、TEM、FT—IR以及PL光谱技术对纳米TiO2的微晶尺寸、晶体结构、表面组成和性能进行表征.结果表明,400℃焙烧的TiO2纳米粒子的颗粒形貌为近球形,晶粒尺寸为11.69 nm,样品分散性良好的锐钛矿型结构.在光催化降解甲基橙的实验中,400℃焙烧的TiO2纳米粒子表现出最高的光催化活性,这与表征结果一致.此外,550℃和650℃焙烧的具有锐钛矿型和金红石型混晶结构的TiO2纳米粒子,无混晶协同促进效应.  相似文献   

4.
利用化学共沉积法在改性葡聚糖体系下制备了以超顺磁性纳米氧化铁为核心,外包葡聚糖的壳核结构复合粒子.对制备过程控制因素进行了详细的研究,实验结果表明:利用改性葡聚糖为表面活性剂,碱源快速滴加,合理的控制反应时间,温度可形成小核的超顺磁性纳米氧化铁-葡聚糖复合纳米粒子.在优化的实验条件下,得到核心的平均粒径5nm,总体的平均粒径为7.8nm,并利用XRD、TEM和GLS等手段对其结构,形态和粒径分布进行了表征.  相似文献   

5.
利用化学还原方法,加入不同量的离子液体1-甲基-3-乙基咪唑硫酸乙酯盐,制备了不同大小的金属铜的纳米摘要粒子。采用X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜对所制备的样品进行了结构表征。结果表明,两个样品中的粒子都具有五边形和六边形结构,粒径约为200~300nm,离子液体不但作为分散剂影响粒子的大小,而且有一定的防氧化作用。  相似文献   

6.
纳米金属微粒催化制备的洋葱状富勒烯的结构表征   总被引:14,自引:5,他引:9  
采用金属Cu,Al做粒/石墨混合材料.用直流电弧放电方法制备了洋葱状富勒烯。对两种产物进行了XRD、SEM、HRTEM和Raman结构表征。结果表明:两种纳米金属微粒均可催化得到洋葱状富勒烯;所得产物中有单纯洋葱状富勒烯和内包纳米金属微粒洋葱状富勒烯,且石墨化程度都很高;纳米金属微粒尺寸大小不同决定洋葱状富勒烯的直径分布不均匀,从而造成其拉曼谱峰相对于石墨特征峰1582cm^-1发生了频移;用汽-液-固(VLS)生长模型描述了洋葱状富勒烯生长机理,解释了汽态碳原子通过在液态催化剂中扩散和析出,逐渐长大成形的现象。  相似文献   

7.
采用电弧法制备内包纳米金属微粒的洋葱状富勒烯.通过XRD、SEM和HRTEM对样品进行结构表征和分析,讨论影响纳米洋葱状富勒烯生成的因素.结果表明:可以宏量地制备内包金属微粒的NSOFs,且晶化程度很高;优化工艺参数可获得合适的气相温度及温度梯度,有利于NSOFs的生成;建立了汽-液-固(VLS)生长模型以解释其形成机理.  相似文献   

8.
以人发为生物模板,用溶胶-凝胶法对人发的表皮结构进行了复制.其中以TEOS和水玻璃为前驱体时头发结构未得到复制,而以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,得到二氧化钛微米管,微米管的外壁由屋顶瓦状排列的多孔二氧化钛层片组成,类似于头发表皮层结构.微米管上的纳米孔可以作为纳米反应器原位合成金属纳米粒子.微米管道、纳米孔与贵金属纳米粒子在这个体系中结合起来,因此在催化、吸附与分离等领域可能具有潜在的应用前景.  相似文献   

9.
以二茂铁和纳米Ni粒子为催化剂,在水下放电条件下,制备了内包金属洋葱状富勒烯(Onion-like Fullerenes:OLFs),利用高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)对所得产物进行了表征.结果表明:二茂铁和纳米Ni粒子均可催化得到内包金属洋葱状富勒烯,内包Fe洋葱状富勒烯直径分布在5~50nm之间,内包Ni洋葱状富勒烯直径分布在10~35nm之间.  相似文献   

10.
石运芹  李梅金 《功能材料》2012,43(18):2425-2430
具有核-壳结构的金纳米包覆的磁性纳米粒子,既具有磁性纳米粒子的特点又增加了金纳米的表面化学性质,近年来受到研究人员的广泛关注。简要综述了近年来国内外制备2类核-壳结构的金包铁磁性纳米复合材料的研究进展及相关应用,并对其应用前景进行了展望。  相似文献   

11.
In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.  相似文献   

12.
13.
A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.  相似文献   

14.
Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……  相似文献   

15.
On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……  相似文献   

16.
A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.  相似文献   

17.
In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M2(B,C), (W,Mo)2(B,C), M3(B,C), M23(B,C)6 type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm2. The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K1 mill housing of bar mill.  相似文献   

18.
The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...  相似文献   

19.
Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.  相似文献   

20.
Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.  相似文献   

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