定热流状态下圆管内层流冰浆流体传热特性的数值模拟

在对冰浆流体的换热情况提出一系列假设前提下,建立等效比热容模型,用于描述冰晶粒子融化吸收潜热。运用有限差分的方法,对所得的差分方程组进行求解,从而得到定热流状态下圆管内层流冰浆流体的传热特性。计算结果表明,随着含冰率的增大和Ste的减小,平均Nu增大,换热性能得到加强。     

北极冰的热传递模型和数值模拟

夏季北极冰的热传递主要在相变过程中进行,因此常规的温度场方程不适应这种状况。建立一个新模型是必要的。因此根据热力学中焓的概念,提出了焓度和焓扩散系数的概念,建立了焓的热传导方程并根据潜热把焓的热传导方程转化为温度场方程。提出了焓扩散系数的辨识模型,用半隐式差分格式和许瓦兹交替方向法来解热传导方程和灵敏度方程,用牛顿拉夫逊算法进行辨识。根据2003年8月第二次北极科学考察现场测试数据进行数值模拟,模拟结果说明本文的数学模型和算法是正确的和可行的。     

Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Heat Transfer in a Rotating Disk at Arbitrary Distribution of the Wall Temperature

Turbulent heat transfer in a freely rotating disk with an arbitrary change in the wall temperature is investigated. With the aid of the integral method developed previously, numerical simulation for the cases of positive, approximately constant, and negative radial temperature gradients of the disk is carried out. Unlike the known Dorfman method, the results of the calculations performed agree well with experimental data. Based on the data obtained, conclusions are drawn about relatively optimum parameters of the model for the conditions under consideration.     

冰浆流体流动与换热研究综述

介绍了冰浆流体的特点、应用以及固液两相流体等效比热的概念及其在冰浆流体中应用的困难;概述目前国内外冰浆流体的传热性能、流变模型和流态以及粘性和流动阻力的研究成果,指出由于固液两相密度的不同导致了在不同流速下冰水分层的现象;同时对冰浆流体的的研究进行了综述,最后提出了关于冰浆流体的进一步研究建议.     

Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer under Conditions of Turbulent Separated Flow in Tube Banks

The separated flow and heat transfer in an in-line bank of round tubes are calculated using a multiblock computational algorithm and the semi-empirical Menter and Spalart-Allmaras models of turbulence. An ingenious procedure is suggested for the correction of the mass-average temperature. Analysis is made of the effect of viscosity on the vortex structure and heat transfer from a remote cylinder within the bank.     

竖直管道内冰浆流体流动特性的数值模拟

为研究竖直管道内冰浆流体流动特性,采用基于颗粒动力学理论的两相流双流体模型,通过CFD模拟研究了竖直管道内冰浆流体的等温流动过程。结果表明,在竖直管道内冰浆湍流输送过程中,流速沿管道中心轴线处近似呈对称分布。当冰浆流速较低时,管道截面处冰粒子的速度分布梯度较小,浓度分布趋于均匀,而随着冰浆流速升高,冰粒子的流场及浓度场均呈现出一定的梯级分布:管道近壁面处冰粒子浓度较低,而管道中心处冰粒子浓度较高,并在略偏于管道中心轴线位置处冰粒子浓度达到峰值。竖直管道内冰浆流体的流向变化对速度分布影响较弱,但对冰粒子浓度分布会产生一定影响,进而使得冰浆流体的管道压降在不同流向时存在着一定差异。     

基于ANSYS热分析的蓄冰球蓄冷特性的数值模拟与研究

研究自然对流情况下蓄冰球的蓄冷特性,考虑球壁热阻对蓄冷过程的影响,借助ANSYS热分析,数值模拟了球壁厚度、载冷剂入口温度和蓄冰球几何形状与蓄冷时间的关系,得出了改进蓄冰球结构是缩短蓄冷时间行之有效方案的结论。     

Numerical Model for Heat Transfer in Dilute Turbulent Gas-Particle Flows

The heat transfer between a vertical pipe wall and turbulent gas-particle flow is numerically investigated according to the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach and the k-ε turbulence model. The particles are introduced homogeneously into the simulation volume by a unique technique referred to as an artificial feeding volume. The numerical code using additional computer programs is validated with available experimental results for the constant heat flux boundary condition. An average deviation of about 4% and a maximum deviation of about 7% were attained from the numerical predictions for various particle and pipe diameters. The effect of the geometrical parameters and the flow parameters on the gas/particle temperature, the convection heat transfer coefficient between the wall and the gas-particle mixture, and the thermal entry length were studied. An increase in particle diameter (loading ratio ≈ 0.5) extended the thermal entry length and decreased the bulk mixed temperature, particle temperature, and convection heat transfer coefficient. Increasing the pipe diameter led to a significant reduction in bulk mixed temperature and thermal entry length, in addition to a decrease in particle temperature and Nusselt number. Increasing the loading ratio up to 2.36 led to a reduction in wall temperature and bulk mixed temperature, in addition to an increase in the convective heat transfer coefficient and thermal entry length.     

Numerical Model for Heat Transfer in Dilute Turbulent Gas-Particle Flows

The heat transfer between a vertical pipe wall and turbulent gas-particle flow is numerically investigated according to the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach and the k-ε turbulence model. The particles are introduced homogeneously into the simulation volume by a unique technique referred to as an artificial feeding volume. The numerical code using additional computer programs is validated with available experimental results for the constant heat flux boundary condition. An average deviation of about 4% and a maximum deviation of about 7% were attained from the numerical predictions for various particle and pipe diameters. The effect of the geometrical parameters and the flow parameters on the gas/particle temperature, the convection heat transfer coefficient between the wall and the gas-particle mixture, and the thermal entry length were studied. An increase in particle diameter (loading ratio ≈ 0.5) extended the thermal entry length and decreased the bulk mixed temperature, particle temperature, and convection heat transfer coefficient. Increasing the pipe diameter led to a significant reduction in bulk mixed temperature and thermal entry length, in addition to a decrease in particle temperature and Nusselt number. Increasing the loading ratio up to 2.36 led to a reduction in wall temperature and bulk mixed temperature, in addition to an increase in the convective heat transfer coefficient and thermal entry length.     

Numerical Simulation of Self-Excited Oscillation of a Turbulent Jet Flowing into a Rectangular Cavity

The example of a plane jet flow into a rectangular cavity (“dead end”) is used in comparing the capabilities of different approaches to numerical simulation of self-oscillatory turbulent flows characterized by global quasi-periodic oscillation of all flow parameters. The calculations are performed for two flow modes, of which the first one is statistically steady according to the available experimental data, and the second one is self-oscillatory. In both cases, three approaches are used to describe the turbulence, namely, the method of large eddy simulation (LES) in combination with the subgrid model of Smagorinsky, and steady and unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations (SRANS and URANS) with two well-known differential models of turbulence. In the case of the first flow mode, all three approaches produce qualitatively similar and quantitatively close results. In the case of the second (self-oscillatory) mode, a steady-state solution of Reynolds equations may only be obtained in half the domain using the symmetry boundary conditions; within the framework of the other two approaches, the solutions turn out to be unsteady-state. In so doing, their characteristics calculated using the LES and URANS methods differ significantly from each other; in the case of URANS, they further depend on the model of turbulence employed. The best results as regards the accuracy of prediction of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of self-oscillation are produced by the use of the LES and three-dimensional URANS methods. A similar inference may be made with respect to the mean flow parameters. From this standpoint, the worst results are those obtained from calculations involving the use of the symmetry boundary conditions on the geometric symmetry plane of the flow.__________Translated from Teplofizika Vysokikh Temperatur, Vol. 43, No. 4, 2005, pp. 568–579.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by D. M. Denisikhina, I. A. Bassina, D. A. Nikulin, and M. Kh. Strelets.     

MRF模型分析流态冰蒸发器刮板类型的换热性能

目的 为提高刮削式流态冰机制冰效能,研究刮板结构对刮削式流态冰蒸发器换热性能的影响。方法 利用Fluent内MRF模型对SolidWorks软件建立的不同刮板类型(近椭圆形孔刮板、近菱形孔刮板、无孔刮板)的流态冰蒸发器模型进行换热性能的模拟分析。结果 通过对不同转速下各类型刮板换热性能及蒸发器近壁面、刮板表面、旋转流体域横截面的温度分布云图进行分析发现:相同转速下,无孔刮板的换热性能高于近菱形孔刮板和近椭圆形孔刮板,但无孔刮板的近壁面温度分布不均匀,呈现两级分化趋势,极易造成冰堵。有孔刮板蒸发器近壁面温度分布较均匀,且受转速影响较大,随着转速的增加其换热性能增强,转速大于200 r/min之后换热性能提升不显著。同时,双组刮板有利于提升蒸发器的换热性能。结论 近菱形孔刮板在200 r/min转速下,换热效果好且蒸发器内温度分布较均匀,有利于流态冰高效、稳定地制取。