基于系统设计思维理念下的交互产品设计研究

目的针对交互设计师在构建交互产品设计时的系统性思维,以用户体验、服务设计理念上的交互产品设计模型为研究对象,创造和优化交互产品设计模式。方法以博物馆交互产品设计为实验样本,基于系统设计思维理念,将交互产品设计置于用户体验、服务设计理念、情景设计理念分析中,阐释基于系统思维的交互产品情感化特征,包括用户情感需求和产品服务生态系统,以及心智模型与概念模型的关系和视觉系统呈现,阐释产品交互界面的数据动态可视化、虚拟现实的游戏化、服务式设计等方式。结论探索了用户体验、服务设计理念在交互产品设计中的应用,提出了"目标—建模—行为—体验"的综合层级的系统模式,有利于满足产品经理和交互设计师开展交互产品设计的需求,提升用户体验和交互产品的优化设计,在系统设计思维理论下,优化了交互产品设计感知行为、情感体验行为,实现了引导转换和系统改良,提升了设计策略的时效性。     

基于用户心智模型的产品设计

产品设计的目的是最大限度的满足用户需求,在以用户为中心的设计理念下,通过对用户心智模型的研究来理解产品的用户,设计出更适宜用户使用的产品。就用户心智模型的形成与特征进行阐释,分析了用户与设计师、用户与用户之间的心智模型差异,总结出将心智模型应用于产品设计中的理论与方法,旨在有效提升企业产品开发与创新的效度。     

基于情境感知的移动消防产品功能设计研究

目的针对现阶段消防产品功能单一,无法满足复杂多变环境下的用户深度需求的问题,从情境出发研究挖掘用户对移动消防产品功能设计的深度需求,为移动消防产品的功能优化提供指导。方法以情境中的环境、用户和任务为切入点,研究情境感知理论中环境情境、用户情境、任务情境。采用实时监测的方式获取数据,所得数据进行无量纲化综合分析并构建情境感知模型以获取用户需求,将用户需求与产品功能匹配。通过模拟火场情境,应用情境感知模型转化模拟情境下用户深度需求,结合消防产品设计准则建立反映火场情境下产品功能设计清单,利用主成分分析法对产品功能进行权重分析实现移动消防产品功能优化设计。结论通过模拟火场情境提取出用户的深度需求,实践于移动消防产品设计中,为移动消防产品功能优化开发提供了依据;同时也证实了情境感知理论在产品功能设计领域中可以有效加深用户对产品功能的深度理解。     

信息可视化及知识可视化对医疗决策的影响探究

目的从医疗服务设计的角度入手,研究可视化手段对医疗决策的影响,以期达到缓解医患纠纷的作用。方法在实际医疗决策情境中,以可视化影响决策行为理论为基础,对知识可视化及信息可视化进行对比研究。展示了数据间关系的信息可视化无法满足与经验、态度、价值观、判断及偏好等因素相关决策的需求,这属于知识可视化的范畴。结论医疗决策情境的复杂性要求设计师根据情境灵活地使用知识可视化及信息可视化手段。     

基于情境意识的汽车导航界面设计研究

目的研究基于情境意识的汽车导航交互界面的设计方法。方法分析汽车导航交互中用户情境意识的认知机制,将用户情境意识的内部思维特点映射到汽车导航交互界面设计过程中。结论从感知、理解、预测3个层级描述了汽车导航交互中用户情境意识的生成过程,对汽车导航用户情境意识产生的心智模型进行了归类,通过心智模型特点分析了汽车导航界面设计策略,最后通过设计实践对理论进行了可行性验证。     

绿色IT可持续设计理念下基于量化自我的智能服装交互设计

目的智能服装通过可穿戴计算和量化自我的方式收集个体小数据,物联网(Io T)和万联网(Io E)将小数据和大数据相连接,将用户体验从以用户为中心的设计(UCD)向用户参与式设计(UPD)转化,形成绿色IT的可持续设计。方法采用用户参与式设计的方法,利用嵌入在智能服装中的传感器收集穿衣者的身体量化自我的个人小数据,并进行信息可视化和交互设计。通过情境感知、意识感知和情感感知,建立信息架构和敏捷交互模型,提出以意义为中心的交互设计方法。通过映射心智模型,发掘利益相关者和交互逻辑动线。通过敏捷交互和直觉交互的实时高保真原型进行迭代式的可用性测试。结论人工智能能够应用于交互设计,将情境角色设计转变为"为真实的用户做真实的设计",提出了基于小数据量化自我的绿色IT可持续设计理念指导下的参与式交互设计方法。     

基于KANO模型的后共享时代单车设计决策研究——从设计师与消费者视角

目的 探究消费者对共享单车的需求偏好，获取用户和设计师对产品的认知差距，并提出相应的设计决策，为共享单车以及两轮车行业的产品创新提供启迪与参考。方法 从设计师思维与消费者偏好的视角出发，对共享单车消费者偏好的各项设计原则(属性)进行细致分类，建立8个评价维度与41个评价特征，采用KANO模型对有效回收样本进行定量统计及定性分析。结果 基于前期调研与KANO模型分析，提出后共享时代单车设计的相关策略。结论 在后共享单车时代下，设计师需要根据用户真实的产品偏好与体验感知进行设计策略的研究，以设计出真正满足用户需求和体验期望的产品。同时也证明KANO模型作为一种阐明用户不同感性需求的方法，有助于设计师进行设计决策的综合判断，提升设计的竞争力。     

心智模型在产品创新设计中的应用策略研究

目的 探讨心智模型在产品创新设计中一种新的应用策略。方法 以心智模型理论中Indi Young提出的“亲和图”方法为基础,结合现有产品设计案例,对用户任务—行为流程进行深入的分析对比。结果 总结出心智模型在产品创新设计中的4种应用策略,即填补、合并、拆分和变异,并阐述了4种应用策略分别适用于何种类型的产品设计。结论 通过对这4种策略的充分运用,可以帮助设计师更有目的地进行用户研究,给设计师以及企业进行产品创新带来新的思路。     

基于情境感知的O2O小程序设计策略研究

目的探索情境感知理论在O2O小程序设计中的应用,提出基于情境感知理论与KANO-AHP模型的O2O小程序设计流程,旨在定性、定量地分析用户需求,为O2O小程序的设计提供以用户体验为中心的指导建议。方法以情境感知理论为基础,从用户情境、产品情境、环境情境三方面分析用户对O2O小程序功能和设计上的需求,并结合专家用户访谈对需求进行修正,得出用户需求集合;随后运用KANO模型对各项需求进行筛选与分类,构建O2O小程序的用户需求层次结构;再通过AHP法确定各项用户需求权重及重要性排序,进而提出设计策略。结论通过运用情境感知理论和KANO-AHP模型,全面、准确地分析了二十二项O2O小程序用户需求,并对综合权重位列前十的用户需求进行分析,分别从产品架构、内容展示、便捷服务三方面提出设计策略和建议,为O2O小程序的设计提供重点,提高O2O小程序的用户体验和满意度。     

基于FBS模型的儿童电动牙刷知识库设计研究

目的有效地将模糊的用户需求转变为明确的设计要求。方法以儿童电动牙刷为研究对象,以需求的认知、获取和表达—需求的转化—需求的呈现为研究思路,结合感性工学方法和FBS模型理论,研究基于FBS模型的感性工学应用方法模型。结果搭建了感性词汇和FBS模型单元基之间的有效映射,实现了从用户需求到设计要求之间的转化,产出了儿童电动牙刷的产品信息知识库。结论经过研究所搭建的儿童电动牙刷产品小型知识库完成了用户需求的呈现,一方面,用户通过搜索可以匹配到最符合自己需求的产品,另一方面,设计师既可以在知识库产品的基础上进行创新设计,又可以通过知识库检索大数据,掌握用户需求的变化趋势和方向,把握设计方向,避免重复工作,提高设计效率。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

中国质量(北京)大会(英文)

正Themed on"quality,innovation,development",the first China Quality Conference(Beijing)was held in the Great Hall of the People on September 15.Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivered an important speech at the conference.State Councilor Yang Jing and Wang Yong attended the conference with over 600 domestic and international representatives from foreign,regional and international quality organizations     

National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization

正The National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization was held in Beijing on July 15,2014.Wang Min,the Deputy-Minister of the Ministry of Land and Resources,and Yin Minghan,the Chief-Engineer of SAC addressed the meeting.Representatives from relevant competent departments and technical committees were present.The meeting aims to summarize work,discuss existing problems and make clear working thoughts,promoting standardization work of land and resources to a new level.Wang Min pointed out that the standardization work of land and resources should be centered on the basic principles of"protecting land and resources dutifully,intensively and economically utilizing land and resources,and making all-out efforts to safeguard the public’s rights and interests",highlighted the