小议氮气气瓶爆炸事故后果模拟分析

氮气作为化工原料和保护气体越来越多的被应用于冶金、化工、食品、医药、电子等多种行业。氮气通常以压缩气体的形式被盛装在气瓶中,由于气瓶质量不合格或使用不当等,可能会导致氮气气瓶发生爆炸事故。本文通过对氮气气瓶爆炸事故后果模拟进行模拟分析,为使用单位安全使用氮气气瓶提供参考。     

南京江宁“3.20”氧气瓶爆炸事故分析

20 0 1年 3月 2 0日南京江宁东山镇兰叶气体公司在卸瓶过程中发生氧气瓶爆炸 ,根据现场检测确定为化学性爆炸 ,系由于气瓶混装造成的。分析了瓶中油脂的来源 ,提出了存在的问题及应吸取的教训。     

防止氧气瓶燃烧爆炸充装法

简述了氧气瓶燃烧爆炸的原因与防范措施:用便携式可燃气体检测仪对余压气瓶逐只检测后充装,对无余压气瓶经采用技术措施后亦进行可燃气体检测,结果发现隐患瓶比例大大上升,保障了气瓶的安全充装,效果极佳。     

对一起氢气瓶爆炸事故的分析

介绍扬州制药厂发生的一起氢气瓶爆炸事故,死亡1人,并造成破坏。碎片散落半径130m左右,拣回气瓶残片60余块。经分析,为化学性爆炸,根本原因是氢气中混入了氧气。表1。     

一起氧气瓶爆炸事故分析

介绍氧气瓶爆炸事故概况和造成的伤亡,通过对事故现场以及气瓶碎片和其余气瓶内气体成分的分析,将此次爆炸确定为化学性爆炸。分析了爆炸事故的原因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

氢气瓶爆炸原理及其防范措施探讨

通过对一起氢气瓶爆炸事故处理,总结了处置潜在爆炸危险气瓶的成功方案,应用事故树分析方法,结合生产装置实际情况和前后爆炸的3只气瓶,探讨分析了引起氢气瓶爆炸的直接原因,有针对性的提出了防止同类事故发生的措施.     

一起焊接绝热气瓶爆炸性质的分析

简单分析了一起焊接绝热气瓶的爆炸性质,认为此次焊接绝热气瓶爆炸为液氧泄漏,夹层中发生了物理和化学反应过程,导致夹层绝热材料燃烧,压力升高,最终发生粉碎性爆炸,并就如何安全使用焊接绝热气瓶提出了一些建议。     

惰性介质对甲烷/空气预混气体爆炸极限的影响?

以化学平衡和吉布斯自由能为基础,采用Chem Kin数值模拟软件并选取临界温度1 450 K作为混合气体是否可燃的判别标准,研究了氮气、二氧化碳惰性介质对混合气体爆炸极限的影响。并在7 L爆炸容器内,对瓦斯和空气的混合气体的爆炸极限进行实测,得到了甲烷与二氧化碳(或氮气)按不同比例混合时在空气中的爆炸极限。结果表明:当甲烷与二氧化碳体积比为0.294时,爆炸上下限重合,当体积比小于0.294时,任何配比下均不被点燃。同时得出二氧化碳的抑爆能力强于氮气。     

一起钢质无缝气瓶爆炸事故技术分析

简述一起气瓶爆炸事故发生后的现场情况,对爆炸气瓶进行了宏观检查、壁厚测定、化学成分分析、金相组织分析、硬度测定和力学性能试验,分析后得出爆炸的原因是腐蚀引起壁厚减薄造成强度不足,并提出了预防类似事故的措施。     

对常州市氧气瓶爆炸事故的分析

<正>1999年3月7日上午10:45左右,常州市东南制氧厂两只氧气瓶同时发生爆炸,现场3人中一人死亡,两人轻伤;三间216m~2的气瓶充装间和气瓶检修间倾刻被毁;瓶号为260410的气瓶炸成三块(下称该瓶为1~#瓶),碎片严重外翻扭曲,三块碎片重量分别为:26.8kg,11.7kg及16.2kg,局部剖口烧熔,瓶颈上部烧出一凹坑。瓶号为748888     

Failure analysis on the inner cylinder explosion of a gas producer water jacket

A large area of the inner cylinder wall in a gas producer turned inside while exploded in the trial running for 16 days. The failure analysis of the accident was presented in this paper. Firstly, on-site tests reveal that the installation location and type of the steam outlet caused 115 mm high steam at the top of the water jacket. Then, finite element simulation indicates that the maximum equivalent stress of the water jacket was higher than the yield stress of the material, even if the gas producer was in normal operating conditions. Furthermore, it was found that there were non-metallic inclusions and banded structure near the initial cracking area, which reduced the mechanical strength of the steel plate. It is concluded that the cracking started from the weakest parts of the material where were under high stress. The inner cylinder of the water jacket burst under the internal pressure, and turned inside due to the shock of the steamed water in the water jacket. Finally, some suggestions were proposed to improve the stress state of the water jacket and prevent similar accidents.     

新形势下气瓶安全管理的现状分析与应对措施

气瓶在各行业中大量应用,但随之而来的气瓶事故也越来越多,不少事故造成严重后果。结合实际气瓶安全管理工作的经验,具体分析了气瓶充装、运输、检验、使用等环节存在的问题,总结经验教训,提出加强各环节气瓶安全管理的措施。     

风险管理在瓶装气体安全生产中的应用

由于气瓶充装过程具有易燃、易爆的危险特性,因此在瓶装气体生产企业需要一种行之有效的系统安全管理方法,来对安全风险实施预测和控制,避免事故发生。武钢氧气公司将危险辩识、风险评价和风险控制的风险管理方法应用于瓶装气体的生产管理中,取得了较好的效果。简析武钢氧气公司瓶装气体生产的工艺特点和基本危害,以及安全生产方面存在的主要问题;介绍瓶装气体生产过程中的风险分析和评价,以及相应的风险防范策略。     

一起配制特种混合气时发生的气瓶爆炸

介绍一起在配制混合气时的气瓶爆炸事故 ,造成 1个死亡 ,3人受伤 ,对爆炸事故进行了全面分析 ,确定为化学爆炸     

航空充氮(氧)车充气回收方法研究

通过理论分析计算和实践验证,对现行航空充氮(氧)车充气导管放空损失进行了深入的分析研究,设计出回气操作法和加装回气瓶的方法,使充氮(氧)车的放空损失下降20%左右,保障能力明显提高。     

气体厂进行气瓶普查整治工作的实践

简介了气瓶流通混乱现象 ,结合实际 ,介绍了气瓶普查和整治工作的工作重点和工作程序 ,最后提出了一些建议     

水环离心真空泵在氧气充装系统中的应用

为保证气瓶充装的安全性,武钢氧气公司在新建氧气充装站时配置了一套气瓶抽真空装置。介绍选用的水环离心真空泵的工作原理和技术参数以及氧气充装系统的工艺流程。使用效果证明,在氧气充装系统安装气瓶抽真空装置,不仅可以降低氧气瓶发生化学爆炸的危险性,而且可以提高产品合格率。     

The roles of foam ceramics in suppression of gas explosion overpressure and quenching of flame propagation

In order to substantially suppress the shock waves resulting from gas explosions in coal mines as well as to reveal the mechanism of explosion flame quenching by foam ceramics, a rectangular explosion test pipe was designed, which has a 200 mm × 200 mm cross-section and is similar in shape to the roadways in coal mines. Explosion flame propagation characteristics in empty pipe and in the presence of Al₂O₃ and SiC foam ceramics were experimentally investigated. To obtain direct observations, the flame propagation was photographed by a high-speed camera. Furthermore, the mechanism of foam ceramics affecting gas explosion propagation was analyzed. The results demonstrate that the foam ceramics attenuate drastically the maximal explosion overpressure by up to fifty percent; the interconnected micro-network structure of the foam ceramics contribute to quenching gas explosion flame and suppressing shock wave overpressure. These important findings hint that, if properly designed and deployed, this material is expected to be developed into a new suppression and isolation technique against multiple and continuous gas explosions that are presently a grave threat to production safety of coal mines across China and the rest of the world.     

A note on finite dynamic deformation of concentric cylinders

This paper considers the finite amplitude wave propagation which results when a compound cylinder consisting of two concentric, isotropic compressible cylinders is subjected to a sudden spatially uniform application of pressure at the inner cylinder's surface. The two cylinders each have different constitutive equations and are bonded together at the interfacial radius. Plane strain deformation is assumed and results are presented here for the Gaussian strain-energy function.