共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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为提高对水下目标的远程探测能力,降低水下航行体系统工作频率不失为一种较易实现的好方法。矢量传感器在各向同性噪声场中可以获得较大的低频检测增益,且其低频指向性好、体积小、重量轻,但是将矢量传感器安装在水下航行体头部的导流罩内时,传感器的后障板对其指向性有影响,从而影响水下航行体对目标定向的能力。该文从声学原理出发,对平面波在有限平面障板边界上的声压场和振速场进行了理论分析,在此基础上建立了矢量传感器在有限平面障板下的指向性模型,并通过计算机仿真分析,研究了有限障板对低频指向性的影响。设计了实验室试验系统,并进行了试验验证。试验结果表明,仿真分析与水池试验结果一致,证明了该模型的正确性,为减小有限障板对矢量传感器性能的影响奠定了基础。 相似文献
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由无指向性的声压传感器和具有偶极子指向性的振速传感器组成的矢量传感器,被应用于水声技术的各个领域;在实际应用过程中,常常把矢量传感器固定在某个水下平台上,而平台产生的散射场会使矢量传感器的接收声场发生畸变,进而影响其测量结果。本文以实际应用为背景,建立了弹性球壳障板的声散射场对矢量传感器测向性能影响的模型,并通过仿真分析了不同入射频率、不同观察距离、不同球壳厚度和半径条件下障板对矢量传感器测向精度的影响,研究结果为矢量传感器在水声测量中的应用提供理论支撑。 相似文献
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矢量水听器可以同步共点测量声场空间一点处的声压和质点振速的各个分量,因此其被广泛应用于水声测量、探测、通信等领域。矢量水听器在水声测量的应用中会受到安装载体散射声场的影响,而这种载体可以看作为障板,由于障板的存在使散射声场的分布发生改变,以及矢量水听器的接收性能下降。仅以绝对硬边界为例,对球形障板的散射声场进行了理论计算和仿真分析。并且对带障板条件下矢量水听器的接收指向性的变化进行了仿真研究。结果显示,从散射声场分布图可以直观看出声场发生的变化,矢量水听器的接收性能变化与障板的尺寸、与障板距离远近、声波发射频率等因素有关。 相似文献
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为了实现矢量水听器在水面或水下载体上的工程应用,研究了球形壳体障板声散射近场矢量特性。采用弹性薄壳理论结合边界条件导出了球形壳体障板声散射的声压和质点振速表达式,给出相应的声强表达式。数值计算了球形壳体障板声散射的近场特性,重点关注其近场矢量特性。理论分析和数值计算结果表明,由于球形壳体障板的散射作用,声压场和质点振速场表现为复杂的干涉结构;质点振速方向和声源方位不一致;声压和质点振速不再同相;声强方向也不再反映声源方位。本文结果为矢量水听器在球形载体和球形障板条件下的工程应用提供理论依据。 相似文献
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1引言
单个矢量传感器就已经包含了目标的方位信息,所以可以实现小尺度定向[2];矢量传感器还具有与频率无关的指向性,可以工作在低频或甚低频下[2],这些特性使得矢量传感器的应用越来越受到关注,如何提高其定向性能便成了一个研究热点.本文对声矢量传感器现有的方位估计方法进行讨论分析,并推导出了具有更高性能的新方法. 相似文献
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厚盘辐射体机械强度高,横向尺寸小,在高频大功率声辐射条件被广泛应用。基于Mindin理论对厚圆盘的弯曲振动辐射声场特性进行了研究,推导出三种边界条件下厚圆盘辐射声场指向性的数值表达式,编制程序并研究其声辐射特性。结果表明,不同边界条件下的相同尺寸厚圆盘各阶指向性的尖锐程度不同,其中固定边界条件下辐射主声束角宽度最窄即指向性最尖锐,自由边界条件下主声束角宽度最宽,即指向性最不尖锐,简支边界条件次之;并且随着振动阶数和厚度的增加,各边界条件下厚圆盘的辐射声场主瓣指向性越来越尖锐,旁瓣逐渐增加,指向性变得越来越复杂。对同一频率、不同材料的厚盘,材料对其指向性的影响较小,但对同一尺寸、不同频率的厚盘,材料对其指向性的影响较大,研究结果对厚盘弯曲振动辐射体的应用提供了参考。 相似文献
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本文给出带障板的水听器指向性图的表示式,并与实测值进行了比较;阐述了高静水压下声障板的反声性能。水听器指向性的理论模型与实测图(基元因子)相当吻合,为基阵的布阵设计提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Chongbin Zhao Tianyun Liu 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2003,58(10):1435-1456
This paper presents an exact non‐reflecting boundary condition for dealing with transient scalar wave propagation problems in a two‐dimensional infinite homogeneous layer. In order to model the complicated geometry and material properties in the near field, two vertical artificial boundaries are considered in the infinite layer so as to truncate the infinite domain into a finite domain. This treatment requires the appropriate boundary conditions, which are often referred to as the artificial boundary conditions, to be applied on the truncated boundaries. Since the infinite extension direction is different for these two truncated vertical boundaries, namely one extends toward x →∞ and another extends toward x→‐ ∞, the non‐reflecting boundary condition needs to be derived on these two boundaries. Applying the variable separation method to the wave equation results in a reduction in spatial variables by one. The reduced wave equation, which is a time‐dependent partial differential equation with only one spatial variable, can be further changed into a linear first‐order ordinary differential equation by using both the operator splitting method and the modal radiation function concept simultaneously. As a result, the non‐reflecting artificial boundary condition can be obtained by solving the ordinary differential equation whose stability is ensured. Some numerical examples have demonstrated that the non‐reflecting boundary condition is of high accuracy in dealing with scalar wave propagation problems in infinite and semi‐infinite media. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Diffraction field of a low frequency vibrator in soft tissues using transient elastography 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Catheline S Thomas JL Wu F Fink MA 《IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control》1999,46(4):1013-1019
For the last 10 years, interest has grown in low frequency shear waves that propagate in the human body. However, the generation of shear waves by acoustic vibrators is a relatively complex problem, and the directivity patterns of shear waves produced by the usual vibrators are more complicated than those obtained for longitudinal ultrasonic transducers. To extract shear modulus parameters from the shear wave propagation in soft tissues, it is important to understand and to optimize the directivity pattern of shear wave vibrators. This paper is devoted to a careful study of the theoretical and the experimental directivity pattern produced by a point source in soft tissues. Both theoretical and experimental measurements show that the directivity pattern of a point source vibrator presents two very strong lobes for an angle around 35 degrees . This paper also points out the impact of the near field in the problem of shear wave generation. 相似文献
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文章介绍了一种二阶镶拼圆管矢量接收换能器的设计方法,获得了类偶极子指向性以及波束宽度更为锐化的类四极子指向性。利用理论计算以及有限元仿真分析了镶拼圆管的指向性以及接收灵敏度,并实际制作了二阶镶拼圆管矢量接收换能器。在消声水池的测试表明,灵敏度测试结果与有限元仿真计算结果吻合较好,镶拼圆管矢量接收换能器类偶极子指向性图-3 dB波束宽度在95°左右,类四极子指向性图-3 dB波束宽度在40°左右,二阶矢量指向性图波束宽度明显比一阶矢量指向性图波束宽度更加锐化。 相似文献
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指向性是衡量辐射体声学性能的重要参数。同相弯曲振动方板阶梯辐射体具有辐射阻抗低、面积大等特点,可广泛应用于大功率气介质超声领域。分别从材料、几何尺寸两个方面对影响辐射体指向性的因素进行了研究。并以材料为钢,边长为50 mm,基底厚度为6 mm,阶梯厚度为10 mm的方板阶梯辐射体(Ⅱ~#)为例,利用有限元将辐射体划分为多个微元,提取各微元位移振幅,计算其指向性。计算结果表明,工作频率一定时,材料对辐射体的指向性没有影响;当辐射体边长与基底厚度的比值较小时,其指向性较尖锐。实验测试与理论计算结果相符,方板阶梯辐射体指向性图案有单一主瓣,其辐射主要集中在主轴方向,形成一个半开角宽度较小的锥形射线束。 相似文献
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Morgan DP 《IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control》2004,51(9):1165-1170
A surface acoustic wave (SAW) longitudinally coupled resonator (LCR) filter consists of either two or three interdigital transducers located between two strongly reflecting gratings. The behavior of this structure is, in general, very complex because the transducers are of the single-electrode type, which gives strong electrode reflections. It is shown here that, for the filter passband, a number of realistic assumptions can be used to derive a very simple set of approximate relations for the device Y-matrix. The simplifications involve reciprocity, symmetry, and power conservation. The theory also uses the necessary fact that each grating, combined with its adjacent transducer, must have high directivity so that application of a voltage results in wave generation primarily toward the center of the device. For a three-transducer device, it is shown using symmetry that the central transducer behaves as if it were transparent, despite having strong electrode reflections. Hence, the device behaves as a single resonant cavity. The simple Y-matrix formulae are shown to agree very well with accurate results obtained by a coupling-of-modes (COM) analysis for both types of device. They also lead to simple formulae for the electrical loading required to obtain a flat, low-loss filter response. Equivalent circuits also are discussed. 相似文献