电子束蒸发制备氧化钨、氧化镍薄膜的电致变色性能

电致变色(EC)材料在外加电压作用下能可逆地改变其光学性能.其中氧化钨与氧化镍是典型的电致变色用材料.本文用电子束蒸发的方法在ITO玻璃基片上制备了此两种薄膜,研究了热处理工艺对薄膜结构与电致变色性能的影响.电致变色性能由电化学方法测试.封装的半固态智能窗器件具有很好的电致变色性能.     

NiOxHy纳米电致变色薄膜的制备和表征

采用溶胶-凝胶的方法制备了NiOxHy纳米电致变色薄膜;对比了不同稳定剂(柠檬酸、正丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、正戊醇和正己醇)对致色效果的影响;讨论了溶胶制备过程中投料比和温度的影响.最后,对制备的NiOxHy薄膜的性能进行了表征.     

CeO2修饰的透明TiO2纳米管电极的电致变色器件

采用电化学沉积法在阳极氧化制备的TiO2纳米管阵列管壁上沉积一层CeO2纳米颗粒,再将CeO2修饰的透明TiO2纳米管阵列薄膜对电极与聚三甲基噻吩变色电极组装成透过型电致变色器件.实验结果表明:CeO2修饰的TiO2纳米管阵列薄膜仍保持良好的光透过性,其电荷存储能力比纯TiO2纳米管电极提高了30%.经CeO2修饰的TiO2纳米管改善了器件的性能,与对电极为单一TiO2纳米管阵列的器件相比,其对比度仍保持在38%左右,其褪色时间由1.3 s缩短为0.8 s.电致变色器件快速响应得益于纳米管与纳米颗粒组成的复合结构的高比表面积和快速的电荷传输过程.     

WO3薄膜的磁控溅射法制备及电致变色性能

采用直流反应磁控溅射制备了具有优异电致变色性能的WO3薄膜。通过对成膜参数的调控,实现了低功率和短溅射时间的制膜制度,获得了较宽的工艺范围。通过X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、光学轮廓仪、电化学工作站、紫外-可见-红外分光光度计研究了薄膜的物相、微观结构、厚度、电致变色性能。研究表明:在溅射功率为50 W,溅射压强为2.0 Pa,反应气体流量为20 sccm时所制得的薄膜性能最为优越。所制备薄膜具有较短的变色响应时间和大幅度的变色调制幅度,其对可见光变色调制幅度达到80%。     

聚合物/过渡金属氧化物纳米复合材料在电致变色性能上的研究进展

聚合物/过渡金属氧化物纳米复合材料是近年来引人注目的一种新型功能性材料.介绍了这类材料的种类和制备方法,综述了聚合物/过渡金属氧化物的电致变色性能,探讨了聚合物/过渡金属氧化物的电致变色机理.     

制备NiO电致变色薄膜的低电压反应离子镀工艺研究

采用低电压反应离子镀工艺制备NiO电致变色薄膜,重点研究不同的氧气分压对NiO薄膜的电致变色特性的影响,通过与普通电子束蒸发工艺制备的NiO薄膜进行物理性能和电致变色性能的比较,以及在塑料基板上制备NiO电致变色薄JP2 膜的讨论,总结出低电压反应离子镀技术制备NiO电致变色薄膜的工艺和优势.     

低维氧化镍/聚苯胺核壳纳米结构的控制生长与电致变色性能研究

氧化镍和聚苯胺是典型的无机/有机电致变色材料,各有其优缺点。如果将两种材料相结合,可得到电致变色性能更加优良的NiO/PANI复合材料。本文通过水热法与电聚合相结合的方法制备了氧化镍(NiO)纳米线/聚苯胺(PANI)与氧化镍纳米片/聚苯胺核壳纳米结构。通过扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱和X射线光电子能谱和电化学测量装置研究了纳米复合结构的形貌、结构、成分和电致变色性能。研究成果显示,复合后NiO/PANI纳米线核壳结构在可见光与近红外区域的电致变色性能都获得了显著增强。而NiO/PANI纳米片核壳结构在可见光区域内电致变色性能有所减弱,但是在近红外区域内的光学对比度有显著增强。本工作将为研究新型低维无机/有机纳米结构电致变色材料与器件提供有益的参考。     

热处理对氧化钨薄膜结构和电致变色性能的影响

电致变色(EC)材料在外加电压作用下能可逆的改变其光学性能.近年来由于其在光调节装置方面的应用潜力,引起了广大研究人员的兴趣.其中氧化钨是典型的电致变色材料.在本文中,电致变色氧化钨薄膜由电子束蒸发WO3粉末的方法沉积在ITO透明导电玻璃上,所得薄膜在空气气氛中经(250～550)℃,(1～4)h不同的热处理,处理后的薄膜用XRD观察其微观结构的变化,电致变色性能则由电化学方法测试.讨论了热处理温度变化对薄膜结构和电致变色性能的影响.     

电致变色导电聚合物PEDOT的研究进展

PEDOT(聚3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)具有优异的电致变色性能,已成为功能材料领域的研究热点.综述了PEDOT的聚合机理、化学氧化聚合和电聚合制备PEDOT薄膜的方法,着重评述了水溶液中电聚合;分析了PEDOT电致变色性能,阐述了改进其电致变色性能的方法和原理,并着重论述了丰富变色范围、缩短响应时间和延长循环寿命的方法;最后阐述了PEDOT在电极材料和军事伪装方面的应用前景.     

无机全固态电致变色器件研究进展

电致变色是一种在外加电场下材料光学属性可变的现象。本文围绕全固态电致变色器件,阐述了器件中每一层的结构、可选材料、性能等,并根据全固态电致变色器件近期的研究进展,总结了两种全固态器件的典型结构,详细介绍了两类器件结构的结构特点、制备方法和电致变色性能,并展望了未来全固态电致变色器件的发展方向。     

CaCu3Ti4O12/NiCuZn铁氧体基磁电复合材料研究

将CCTO(CaCu3Ti4O12)与NiCuZn铁氧体进行复合,系统地研究了组分变化对这种新型磁电复合材料的烧结性能、晶相结构、显微结构和磁电性能的影响。随后,为了实现复合材料的低温烧结以及综合考虑复相陶瓷的磁电性能,选取80%(质量分数,下同)NiCuZn铁氧体/20%CCTO组分,以BBSZ(Bi2O3-H3BO3-SiO2-ZnO)玻璃作为助熔剂,研究了CCTO/NiCuZn铁氧体基复合材料的烧结行为和磁电性能。结果表明,掺杂BBSZ后,900℃下烧结的所有样品的密度均达到了复相陶瓷理论密度的95%,且复相陶瓷的介电常数和磁导率在1～30 MHz范围内均不依赖于频率的变化。在10 MHz的频率下,当BBSZ的含量从0增加到3%时,复相陶瓷磁导率μ从13.2增加到47.9,磁损耗tanδμ从0.022下降到0.017,同时,样品的谐振频率从109Hz左右移动到3.2×108Hz。相应地,复相陶瓷的介电常数ε从9.2增加到16,介电损耗tanδε从0.069下降到0.012。这一优异的整体性能使其有望实际应用。     

Investigation on solar photocatalytic activity of TiO2 loaded composite: TiO2/Eggshell, TiO2/Clamshell and TiO2/CaCO3

The TiO₂/Eggshell, TiO₂/Clamshell and TiO₂/CaCO₃ loaded composites were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by XRD and SEM. Their photocatalytic activities were measured through the degradation of Acid Red B under solar light irradiation. The influences of TiO₂ loaded content, heat-treated temperature and time on the photocatalytic activities were reviewed. The effects of irradiation time and dye initial concentration on the photocatalytic degradation were also investigated. The results showed that the photocatalytic activity can be greatly enhanced by appropriate TiO₂ loaded content.     

K2(Rb2,Cs2,Tl2)TeBr6(I6) and Rb3(Cs3)Sb2(Bi2)Br9(I9) perovskite compounds

We systematize available experimental data on the crystal structure of the ternary halides K₂(Rb₂,Cs₂,Tl₂)TeBr₆(I₆) and Rb₃(Cs₃)Sb₂(Bi₂)Br₉(I₉), analyze the general trends in the properties of their single crystals, and examine the key features of the physicochemical interaction in related systems.     

SiCW对反应烧结多孔Al2TiO5-SiCW 复合材料的影响

以γ-AlOOH、TiO₂和SiC_w为原料,通过反应烧结制备了多孔Al₂TiO₅-SiC_w复合材料,研究了SiC_w对Al₂TiO₅-SiC_w复合材料物相、微观组织结构、孔隙率和抗压强度的影响。结果表明: 反应产物中主要物相有Al₂TiO₅、Al₆Si₂O₁₃、TiC和SiO₂。由于晶须分解速度快,SiC_w可全部与TiO₂反应生成TiC和SiO₂。添加SiC_w,一方面显著细化了Al₂TiO₅基复合材料的微观组织,生成的细小规则的TiC晶粒和存在于Al₂TiO₅晶界处的Al₆Si₂O₁₃有利于抑制Al₂TiO₅晶粒长大,提高其抗压强度。另一方面,因为SiC_w改变了原料中颗粒之间的堆积方式,使孔径增大、孔隙率显著提高。生成的一定量的SiO₂对晶粒产生黏结,使得Al₂TiO₅基复合材料的孔洞骨架密实,提高了抗压强度,但当SiC_w加入量多时,由于出现较多的玻璃相,会降低抗压强度。     

NMR studies on HxTaS2 and DxTaS2

H_0.33TaS₂ and D_0.33TaS₂ have been prepared electrochemically and their magnetic resonance properties investigated. The ²D quadrupole coupling constant and ¹H spin-lattice relaxation rates have been measured and are similar to the same quantities measured in transition metal hydrides. Spin-spin relaxation rate data show that the hydrogen is immobile on an NMR time scale. These results are consistent with earlier structural conclusions from neutron diffraction studies, which locate the H within the TaS₂ layers.     

Micro-CT characterization on porosity structure of 3D Cf/SiCm composite

The fabric architecture and porosity of three-dimensional (3D) C_f/SiC_m composites are characterized using commercial X-ray microcomputed tomography (microCT). The non-destructive observation exhibits an inhomogeneous structure of the carbon fiber performs with gradiently distributed porosity. The shape of fiber bundles and porosity are investigated with respect to the gas transport during chemical vapor infiltration (CVI). Difference in growth rate of deposition between outer surface and inner porosity are identified through reconstructing the porosity morphology, which coincides well with the “node-bond” theoretical model. Moreover, in the light of the porosity features, gas retention and viscous flow is revealed to play key roles in the formation of the inner structure of C_f/SiC_m.     

Flux growth of single magnetic sublattice antiferromagnetic garnets Ca3 Fe2 Ge3 O12 and Ca3 Mn2 Ge3 O12

Magnetic single crystals garnets Ca₃ X₂ Ge₃ O₁₂ with X = Mn³⁺ or Fe³⁺ containing Ca²⁺ and Ge⁴⁺ are of great interest due to the rise of an antifer-romagnetic order in one definite octahedral site. The optimal conditions for obtaining single magnetic-sublattice garnets of large size (1 cm in diameter) have been analyzed. Two groups of solvents have been tested: Bi₂ O₃ or PbO based flux. The best results were obtained with PbO flux and starting composition : % Moles 44 PbO 1b 35 GeO₂ 1b 15 CaO 1b 6 X₂ O₃.     

二氧化钛的制备及以其为载体的脱硝催化性能研究

以工业化生产的偏钛酸为原料,制备出颗粒均匀的球形二氧化钛颗粒。通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、BET比表面积、激光粒度分布等测试方法,分析表征了颗粒的结构形态及表面理化性质。以所制备的二氧化钛为载体,以偏钒酸铵为V2O5(活性物质)的前驱体,制备脱硝催化剂,考察催化剂的脱硝活性,结果表明,当燃烧温度为370℃时,所制备的催化剂的脱硝效率为75%。     

Interfacial microstructure of NiSix/HfO2/SiOx/Si gate stacks

Integration of NiSi_x based fully silicided metal gates with HfO₂ high-k gate dielectrics offers promise for further scaling of complementary metal-oxide- semiconductor devices. A combination of high resolution transmission electron microscopy and small probe electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis has been applied to study interfacial reactions in the undoped gate stack. NiSi was found to be polycrystalline with the grain size decreasing from top to bottom of NiSi_x film. Ni content varies near the NiSi/HfO_x interface whereby both Ni-rich and monosilicide phases were observed. Spatially non-uniform distribution of oxygen along NiSi_x/HfO₂ interface was observed by dark field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy and EELS. Interfacial roughness of NiSi_x/HfO_x was found higher than that of poly-Si/HfO₂, likely due to compositional non-uniformity of NiSi_x. No intermixing between Hf, Ni and Si beyond interfacial roughness was observed.     

(K0.44,Na0.52,Li0.04) (Nb0.84,Ta0.10,Sb0.06)O3 Ferroelectric Ceramics

Recent progress in (K_0.44,Na_0.52,Li_0.043-based ceramics (KNN) with special emphasis on (K_0.44,Na_0.52,Li_0.040.84,Ta_0.10,Sb_0.06))O₃ (KNN-LT-LS) is reviewed concisely. The base KNN and its compositional derivatives are analyzed in terms of dopant-property relationships, which are then extended to the ternary derivatives. The effects of processing conditions such as humidity, precursor purity, and oxygen partial pressure during sintering are elaborated on from a phenomenological perspective. It is also shown that the spontaneous polarization is sensitive to the processing route chosen for synthesis (mixed oxide versus perovskite routes). Special attention is devoted to the discussion of the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) dilemma in the KNN-LT-LS system, where it is shown that the origin of high piezoelectric activity is actually due to a polymorphic transition at room temperature. It is shown that prototype transducers based on pure and 1 mol% Ba²⁺ doped KNN-LT-LS exhibit performance metrics comparable to those fabricated using PZT-5H. Overall, KNNLT- LS ceramics show great promise for lead-free applications, although issues such as temperature dependence of properties and strong sensitivity to processing conditions remain as the 2 major challenges.