高分子3D打印材料和打印工艺

3D打印技术亦称为增材制造,是基于三维数学模型数据,通过连续的物理层叠加,逐层增加材料来生成三维实体的技术。3D打印技术与传统材料加工技术相比有许多突出的优势,吸引了国内外工业界、投资界、学术界、新闻媒体和社会公众的热切关注。目前制约3D打印技术发展的因素主要有两个:打印工艺和打印材料。高分子聚合物在3D打印材料中占据主要地位。介绍了当前3D打印常用的高分子材料(热塑性高分子和光敏树脂)和与之相适应的打印工艺(FDM、SLS、SLA、Polyjet等),并对它们的特性和优缺点进行了评述,讨论了这些3D打印材料和工艺的开发面临的问题和挑战。     

Nanomaterial Patterning in 3D Printing

The synergistic integration of nanomaterials with 3D printing technologies can enable the creation of architecture and devices with an unprecedented level of functional integration. In particular, a multiscale 3D printing approach can seamlessly interweave nanomaterials with diverse classes of materials to impart, program, or modulate a wide range of functional properties in an otherwise passive 3D printed object. However, achieving such multiscale integration is challenging as it requires the ability to pattern, organize, or assemble nanomaterials in a 3D printing process. This review highlights the latest advances in the integration of nanomaterials with 3D printing, achieved by leveraging mechanical, electrical, magnetic, optical, or thermal phenomena. Ultimately, it is envisioned that such approaches can enable the creation of multifunctional constructs and devices that cannot be fabricated with conventional manufacturing approaches.     

Bukobot助力3D开源打印

开源运动帮助推进3D打印的便利性是最有影响力的。RepRap项目是大量低成本打印机配套元件的起源,包括现在相当著名的Makerbot。现在又有了一个新产品面市:Bukobot,开发人员将其描述为下一代的开源3D打印机。加州帕萨迪纳的Diego Porqueras,正定义他进入开放源码的3D打印机世界,需要解决的两个常见问题:易于使用、装配和可扩展性。Porqueras说,不像其他基于RepRap项目的很难组装的开源3D打印机,Bukobot(见以下视频)已经被设计为框架     

探析立体印刷技术

立体印刷具有如同实物的立体感,在商品包装、产品广告、烟酒防伪商标上的应用日益扩大.文章主要对立体印刷的发展、原理、特点、印刷材料和印刷工艺进行分析,使读者对立体印刷技术有较深入的认识.     

Electrohydrodynamic 3D Printing of Aqueous Solutions

Among the various electrohydrodynamic (EHD) processing techniques, electrowriting (EW) produces the most complex 3D structures. Aqueous solution EW similarly retains the potential for additive manufacturing well-resolved 3D structures, while providing new opportunities for processing biologically derived polymers and eschewing organic solvents. However, research on aqueous-based EHD processing is still limited. To summarize the field and advocate for increased use of aqueous bio-based materials, this review summarizes the most significant contributions of aqueous solution processing. Special emphasis has been placed on understanding the effects of different printing parameters, the prospects for 3D processing new materials, and future challenges.     

Hybrid 3D Printing of Soft Electronics

Hybrid 3D printing is a new method for producing soft electronics that combines direct ink writing of conductive and dielectric elastomeric materials with automated pick‐and‐place of surface mount electronic components within an integrated additive manufacturing platform. Using this approach, insulating matrix and conductive electrode inks are directly printed in specific layouts. Passive and active electrical components are then integrated to produce the desired electronic circuitry by using an empty nozzle (in vacuum‐on mode) to pick up individual components, place them onto the substrate, and then deposit them (in vacuum‐off mode) in the desired location. The components are then interconnected via printed conductive traces to yield soft electronic devices that may find potential application in wearable electronics, soft robotics, and biomedical devices.     

Microscale 3D Printing of Nanotwinned Copper

Nanotwinned (nt)‐metals exhibit superior mechanical and electrical properties compared to their coarse‐grained and nanograined counterparts. nt‐metals in film and bulk forms are obtained using physical and chemical processes including pulsed electrodeposition (PED), plastic deformation, recrystallization, phase transformation, and sputter deposition. However, currently, there is no process for 3D printing (additive manufacturing) of nt‐metals. Microscale 3D printing of nt‐Cu is demonstrated with high density of coherent twin boundaries using a new room temperature process based on localized PED (L‐PED). The 3D printed nt‐Cu is fully dense, with low to none impurities, and low microstructural defects, and without obvious interface between printed layers, which overall result in good mechanical and electrical properties, without any postprocessing steps. The L‐PED process enables direct 3D printing of layer‐by‐layer and complex 3D microscale nt‐Cu structures, which may find applications for fabrication of metamaterials, sensors, plasmonics, and micro/nanoelectromechanical systems.     

Big Future for Chinese 3D Printing

正The Chinese national standardization technical committee on additive manufacturing(SAC/TC 562)was set up in Beijing on April 21,which was composed of 61 members from relevant universities,enterprises,institutes and trade associations with the scope covering various fields of materials,equipment,testing,certification, medicine,etc. Chinese technology on additive manufac turing has     

3D打印建筑·开跑

打造首栋3D打印建筑的竞赛已经开始。在伦敦·在阿姆斯特丹在中国·建筑师们竞相争取这项殊荣。他们采用的技术将会彻底改变延续了千年的房屋建造方式。但有一点值得注意·虽然他们都有相同的目标,但却在分别研究着截然不同的材料和方法。     

3D Printing of Textiles: Potential Roadmap to Printing with Fibers

3D printing (3DP) has transformed engineering, manufacturing, and the use of advanced materials due to its ability to produce objects from a variety of materials, ranging from soft polymers to rigid ceramics. 3DP offers the advantage of being able to print at a variety of lengths scales; from a few micrometers to many meters. 3DP has the unique ability to produce customized small lots, efficiently. Yet, one crucial industry that has not been able to adequately explore its potential is textile manufacturing. The research in 3DP of textiles has lagged behind other areas primarily due to the difficulty in obtaining some of the unique characteristics of strength, flexibility, etc., of textiles, utilizing a fundamentally different manufacturing technology. Textiles are their own class of materials due to the specific structural developments that occur during the various stages of textile manufacturing: from fiber extrusion to assembly of the fibers to fabrics. Here, the current 3DP technologies are reviewed with emphasis on soft and anisotropic structures, as well as the efforts toward 3DP of textiles. Finally, a potential pathway to 3DP of textiles, dubbed as printing with fibers to create textile structures is proposed for further exploration.     

3D打印复杂点阵结构的缺陷三维可视化方法

针对3D打印的复杂点阵结构容易出现裂纹、未熔合或孔洞等缺陷,严重影响结构件的功能性能问题,开展了对3D打印的一种复杂点阵结构件的缺陷三维可视化检测方法研究。基于CT图像中结构件内部缺陷的灰度值差异特征,采用集合灰度值法自动识别一类缺陷并分割提取,由光线投射法对分割得到的缺陷序列图像进行三维重构。实验结果表明:所提方法有效获得了点阵结构件内部一种典型缺陷的三维可视图,从三维角度可对缺陷的形状、大小等形貌细节信息进行描述,为进一步分析缺陷对结构性能的影响提供了有力的依据。