基于情境感知的O2O小程序设计策略研究

目的探索情境感知理论在O2O小程序设计中的应用,提出基于情境感知理论与KANO-AHP模型的O2O小程序设计流程,旨在定性、定量地分析用户需求,为O2O小程序的设计提供以用户体验为中心的指导建议。方法以情境感知理论为基础,从用户情境、产品情境、环境情境三方面分析用户对O2O小程序功能和设计上的需求,并结合专家用户访谈对需求进行修正,得出用户需求集合;随后运用KANO模型对各项需求进行筛选与分类,构建O2O小程序的用户需求层次结构;再通过AHP法确定各项用户需求权重及重要性排序,进而提出设计策略。结论通过运用情境感知理论和KANO-AHP模型,全面、准确地分析了二十二项O2O小程序用户需求,并对综合权重位列前十的用户需求进行分析,分别从产品架构、内容展示、便捷服务三方面提出设计策略和建议,为O2O小程序的设计提供重点,提高O2O小程序的用户体验和满意度。     

基于情境感知的机构养老服务设计策略研究

目的 探究情境感知在机构养老服务中的应用,满足老人的个性化养老需求,提升养老机构的资源分配效率和用户体验,促进机构养老服务的持续性创新发展。方法 首先,梳理情境感知理论的发展以及情境感知服务流程,同时分析归纳出机构养老服务的现状特征和问题;其次,结合情境感知介入机构养老服务的优势及特性,将机构养老的服务情境因素划分为用户、环境、任务、资源四类,同时采用桌面调研、用户访谈等方法对用户的需求进行分析总结;最后,基于上述四种情境因素提出设计策略,构建机构养老服务体系框架。结论 情境感知理论应用于机构养老服务之中,强化了系统情境信息的感知能力,从多维度视角挖掘动态情境下用户的需求,主动提供针对性的服务,简化用户操作路径,提升养老服务的用户体验。     

基于情境感知的移动购物应用设计研究

目的探索情境感知在移动购物APP设计中的应用,以期设计出更好的移动购物体验。方法以情境感知理论为基础,分析移动购物中的用户情境、环境情境、资源情境因素,对关键情境进行提取分析,阐述关键情境下的需求获取方法,提出设计方法和基于情感化的设计策略。结论情境感知理论的运用帮助移动购物应用成为用户的私人购物助手,有助于在移动购物场景中为用户提供个性化、更优的移动购物体验。     

基于情境感知的智慧农机管控系统交互设计研究

目的 探索情境感知在智慧农机管控系统交互设计中的应用,以期改善传统农机管控系统中信息感知效率低、缺乏智能服务等问题,为用户提供更好的使用体验,并为智慧农业类系统的设计开发提供参考。方法 梳理情境感知理论,总结归纳农机管控系统中的用户情境、作业情境、设备情境、环境情境这四类情境信息,分析其与农机管控系统各层次任务的对应关系,据此提出智慧农机管控系统交互设计策略,并结合用户体验五层次进行设计实施。结论 情境感知理论的运用不仅加强了系统对情境信息的感知能力,还便于深度挖掘用户需求,针对不同的情境服务采取合适的交互形式,既优化了农机作业的管控,又为用户提供精准、高效的服务,提高了系统智能程度和体验性。     

情境感知对服务设计的影响因素分析

从情境感知的相关概念入手,结合服务设计中的实际案例,分析影响情境感知的因素,以期对服务设计具有借鉴意义,从而有助于设计师创造出更人性化的服务设施。     

基于情境感知的移动消防产品功能设计研究

目的针对现阶段消防产品功能单一,无法满足复杂多变环境下的用户深度需求的问题,从情境出发研究挖掘用户对移动消防产品功能设计的深度需求,为移动消防产品的功能优化提供指导。方法以情境中的环境、用户和任务为切入点,研究情境感知理论中环境情境、用户情境、任务情境。采用实时监测的方式获取数据,所得数据进行无量纲化综合分析并构建情境感知模型以获取用户需求,将用户需求与产品功能匹配。通过模拟火场情境,应用情境感知模型转化模拟情境下用户深度需求,结合消防产品设计准则建立反映火场情境下产品功能设计清单,利用主成分分析法对产品功能进行权重分析实现移动消防产品功能优化设计。结论通过模拟火场情境提取出用户的深度需求,实践于移动消防产品设计中,为移动消防产品功能优化开发提供了依据;同时也证实了情境感知理论在产品功能设计领域中可以有效加深用户对产品功能的深度理解。     

基于情境感知的户外运动类应用设计策略研究

目的 探索情境感知相关理论在户外运动类APP中的应用,以期改善目前市场上户外运动类应用中安全保障性不强、同质化严重、个性化与专属性不强等问题,从而全方位优化用户体验及提升用户户外运动的安全感,并为今后户外运动类应用的设计开发提供参考依据。方法 首先对户外运动及其应用的实践和理论现状进行分析,其次在梳理情境感知理论的基础上,分析户外运动类应用中的用户、环境、社交和设备4类情境信息及情境感知介入户外运动类应用的技术支撑。通过桌面调研、问卷调查和用户访谈3种方法洞察出用户需求,最后总结出基于上述4类情境信息的针对性设计策略。结论 情境感知理论的运用有助于在设计应用时深度理解和挖掘用户需求,在更大程度上保障用户安全的同时向用户提供更具智能化、个性化、情感化的服务。     

基于情境感知多维数据可视化的产品服务系统创新设计研究

目的产品服务系统使用过程是多种复杂交互行为构成的集合,复杂情境下用户需求不断变化,导致设计概念模型与用户心智模型不能有效映射,关于该问题一直没有得到有效解决。用户情境数据形成多维空间,大量数据之间存在规律与关联,需要更加直观的方法帮助设计师了解用户需求,辅助设计师迅速作出设计决策。方法运用数据挖掘与知识发现技术,通过信息可视化系统模型构建,对用户情境数据进行深入挖掘与视觉呈现,探索设计概念模型与用户心智模型的映射机制,实现产品服务系统中用户域—功能域—方案域之间的转换,支持产品服务系统的创新设计。重点研究有情境分类、情境感知多维数据挖掘、情境感知多维数据可视化、情境感知多维数据可视化的产品服务系统创新设计。结论研究成果将提高设计师设计决策的效率,解决产品服务创新设计过程中的模糊、迟缓、无效等问题。     

基于情境感知的哮喘移动医疗应用的设计策略研究

目的 探索在哮喘移动医疗应用设计中情境感知理论的介入点,以期改善目前哮喘移动医疗服务的质量低、同质化等问题,从而提升哮喘移动医疗应用的实际诊疗效果和用户体验。方法 通过对情境感知理论发展的简单梳理和哮喘管理情境因素的分析,结合当前社会大数据、云计算和智能移动设备背景下的哮喘移动医疗服务特性,凝练出包含用户、任务、社群、设备这4种情境因素的哮喘移动医疗服务情境模型,并从优化应用功能、提升服务深度、加强用户体验的角度入手,提出基于上述情境因素的设计策略。结论 情境感知理论的运用,加强了应用对于情境信息的感知能力,有助于理解患者特征和行为,深度挖掘患者需求,向患者提供更具个性化、情感化的哮喘移动医疗服务,提升哮喘自我管理的效果。     

基于流程特征的用户安全驾驶移交体验

目的探索流程特征在智能汽车驾驶移交任务中的应用,提升用户驾驶移交操作的安全体验。方法基于绿野仙踪方法,选取五十一位驾驶用户进行实验,以用户安全感知理论为基础,通过定性和定量方法,评价基于不同流程的移交激活、速度调节、确认操作等动作对用户驾驶移交体验的影响,对关键安全感知因素进行提取分析,提出基于流程特征的移交操作设计策略。结论不同流程特征下的移交操作设计对用户的安全感知有影响,在高紧急情境中,用户对速度调节有较高的操作负担,因此在移交操作设计中需要降低它给用户带来的影响;在低紧急情境中,用户对确认操作作为操作结束点的普遍安全感知较强,因此未来在移交体验的结束节点应让用户充分理解移交过程。验证流程特征对用户体验带来的影响,为相关从业人员提供了新的观察视角。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Analysis of anisotropy of properties on the basis of studies of texture of coarse-grained ingots of thermoelectric materials

An analysis of anisotropy of the properties of a Bi₂Se_0.3Te_2.7 solid solution was carried out using construction of demonstrative surfaces for thermoelectric effectiveness and thermal expansion coefficients. It is shown that the texture is an important factor forming anisotropy of properties and technological fitness of ingots for manufacturing modules. Anisotropy of properties based on the studies of the ingot textures obtained using the float-zone method and Bridgman method (growing thermoelectric plates in a flat cavity) was studied.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Assessment of intakes of mixtures of radionuclides

Australia has several uranium mines and a large number of mineral sand mines, with associated processing facilities. Exposures resulting from these mining and processing operations usually involve intakes of mixtures of radionuclides. This work describes the development of a suite of first order, linear compartment models, based on the ICRP Publication 66 respiratory tract model, and an analytical solution to the decay equations, for assessing the consequences of such intakes. The computer programs based on these models directly compute excretion, organ retention and organ and whole-body doses for intakes of either single radionuclides or any mixture of radionuclides belonging to the same radioactive decay chain. The intake can be via inhalation, ingestion or injection, and can be acute, chronic or of limited duration. The starting concentration and degree of secular (dis)equilibrium can be specified for each radionuclide. No assumptions need to be made about the relative magnitudes of the radioactive half-lives of the different nuclides.