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导电纤维作为一种功能纤维,具有电阻“正效拉力系数”效应,利用这一特性可将其制成应力传感器,以实现对道路或桥梁等结构的在线监测,具有很好的应用前景。以锑掺杂二氧化锡(ATO)为导电成分,聚己内酰胺(PA6)纤维为基体纤维,制备了ATO/PA6涂覆型导电纤维,讨论了ATO/PA6导电纤维体积比电阻随拉伸应力的变化,并建立了数学模型,为进一步研究其力电行为奠定了基础。 相似文献
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通过超声法将炭黑(CB)粒子固定在静电纺丝尼龙6(PA6)纤维膜表面,制备出一系列具有不同CB含量的CB/PA6导电纤维薄膜。利用热压成型法将制备的导电纤维膜与高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)粉末热压复合,制备出CB/PA6/HDPE导电高分子复合材料(CPC)。扫描电子显微镜图片显示,CB粒子均匀地锚固在PA6纤维表面,且CB/PA6导电纤维膜在HDPE基体中形成连续的导电网络结构。研究了材料的导电逾渗行为,发现CB/PA6/HDPE复合材料的逾渗值仅为2.5%,显著低于传统的CB/HDPE复合材料的逾渗值(8.5%)。同时,由于CB/PA6/HDPE复合材料具有特殊的预制CB/PA6导电纤维网络状结构,PA6电纺纤维膜的含量在复合材料体系中也呈现出有趣的逾渗行为。 相似文献
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利用静电纺丝技术制备聚氨酯(PU)纳米纤维,采用原位聚合法在纤维表面聚合导电聚合物聚苯胺(PANI),得到具有优良导电性能的柔性PU/PANI复合纳米导电纤维。通过扫描电镜观察到表面均匀包覆聚苯胺的复合纳米纤维;红外光谱结果证明在聚氨酯纳米纤维表面成功合成了聚苯胺。通过实验可知,聚苯胺最佳聚合工艺为苯胺单体浓度为1.3 mol/L、聚合时间为120 min。导电性能测试发现,PU/PANI复合纳米纤维导电性能优良,电导率可达7.6×10-1S/cm,经聚合后力学性能较为稳定。将PU/PANI导电纳米纤维制成简易柔性传感器件,探究发现PU/PANI导电纳米纤维具有柔性应变电学性质,且反应灵敏。 相似文献
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以十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)为表面活性剂和掺杂剂,通过乳液聚合的方法制备聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇(PANI/PVA)复合乳液用于静电纺丝,制备出超细复合纤维毡,通过SEM、XRD和力学测试表征PANI/PVA超细复合纤维毡的外观形貌、纤维直径、结晶度及其力学性能。结果表明:有机磺酸掺杂后的聚苯胺导电性能达到1.28S/cm;1459cm-1处醌环和苯环上的C=C伸缩振荡峰和1697cm-1处醌环上C=N伸缩振荡峰的聚苯胺特征峰明显;YG006型电子单纤维强力机的测试发现,PANI/PVA纤维集合体的面密度对其力学性能的影响显著;当纺丝工艺条件设定为接收距离18cm、电压24kV时,PANI/PVA纤维直径达到600nm,直径分布小于150nm,PANI微颗粒分散于PVA纤维基体表面。 相似文献
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以静电纺丝技术制备出尼龙6(PA6)纳米纤维,并以该纳米纤维为模板,采用原位聚合法进行对甲苯磺酸(TSA)掺杂的聚苯胺(PANI)的合成,制备PANI-TSA/PA6核壳结构复合纳米纤维。应用傅里叶红外变换光谱测试仪(FT-IR)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)对纤维的结构进行了表征;利用热重测试仪(TG)对纤维的热性能进行了表征。结果表明,采用该方法制备出了以TSA-PANI为壳、PA6为核的复合纳米纤维,且纤维形貌规整均匀,热性能优良。 相似文献
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基于绿色可再生的剑麻纳米纤维素,采用超声分散方法制备剑麻纳米纤维素/石墨烯(CNF/G)分散液,通过机械共混法制备剑麻纳米纤维素/石墨烯/聚苯胺(CNF/G/PANI)复合材料,采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、拉曼光谱和扫描电镜对复合材料的结构和形态进行表征,采用循环伏安、恒流充放电、交流阻抗等方法研究材料的电化学性能,侧重研究石墨烯的种类对CNF/G/PANI复合材料电化学性能及结构的影响。结果表明,加入石墨烯纳米片(GNS),聚苯胺(PANI)和剑麻纳米纤维素(CNF)穿插于GNS中,产生较多的孔洞,复合材料的比电容最高值达到322.25 F/g,内阻仅为0.77Ω,在5 A/g的电流密度下,循环充放电1000次,复合材料的电容保持率达到76.92%。 相似文献
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We demonstrate a simple method to prepare alkylated graphene/polyaniline composites (a-GR/PANI) using solution mixing of exfoliated alkyl Iodododecane treated graphene oxide sheets with polyaniline nanofiber; polyaniline nanofibers (PANI) prepared by using rapid mixing polymerization significantly improve the processibility of polyaniline and its performance in many conventional applications. Also, polyaniline nanofibers exhibit excellent water dispersibility due to their uniform nanofiber morphology. Morphological study using SEM and TEM analysis showed that the fibrous PANI in the composites a-GR/PANI mainly adsorbed onto the surface or intercalated between the graphene sheets, due especially to the good interfacial interaction between the alkylated gaphene and the polyaniline nanofibers. The existence of polyaniline nanofibers on the surface of the garphene and the alkylated graphene sheets was confirmed by using FT-IR, FT-Raman and X-ray diffraction analysis. Due to the good interfacial interaction between the alkylated graphene and the polyanilines nanofibers, the composite (a-GR/PANI) exhibited excellent dispersion stability in DMF compared to the same composite (GR/PANI) without alkylation. The electrical conductivity of the (GR/PANI) composite was 9% higher than that of pure PANI and the same weight percent for the composite after alkylation was 13% higher than that of pure PANI nanofibers. 相似文献
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Dongxiu YU Jiang CHENG Zhuoru YANG 《材料科学技术学报》2007,23(4):529-534
Combined nitric acid oxidation method and polyaniline (PANI)-coated method were applied to modify the surface properties of short carbon fibers (SCF). The electrical and mechanical properties of acrylic coatings with 50 wt pct PANI-coated carbon fiber were investigated by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), UV-Vis spectrophotometer, four-probe method and the coaxial cable method. The results of the pH measurement and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) patterns showed that the oxygen functional groups, such as -OH and -COOH, were attached on the carbon fiber surfaces after oxidation treatment. The XPS analysis of PANl-coated oxidized SCF (PAOSCF) revealed that PANI may bond on the surface of oxidized SCF with chemical bonds. SEM images and surface roughness analyses showed that PANl-coated layer changed the surface morphology. Compared with SCF/acrylic coating, the surface resistivity of PAOSCF/acrylic coating decreased from17.1 to 5.3 Ω/sq and the shielding efficiency (SE) value increased from 1.54 to 23.3 dB. 相似文献
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以自制聚苯胺水凝胶和氧化石墨烯为原料采用原位聚合法和溶液灌注法制备三维多孔结构的聚苯胺/氧化石墨烯复合材料,然后在氢碘酸的还原下制备聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料。采用红外光谱法、场发射扫描电子显微镜和热重分析法对制备的复合材料的结构、形貌和组成进行表征,并采用三电极测试方式对其电化学性能进行测试。结果表明,氧化石墨烯的掺入能有效防止聚苯胺和氧化石墨烯的团聚和堆叠问题,获得了具有良好三维多孔结构的聚苯胺/氧化石墨烯复合物;聚苯胺/氧化石墨烯复合材料被氢碘酸还原后,得到的聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料的热稳定性有所降低,但其比电容和导电性等有了很大的提高,在电流密度为0.5 A/g时,PANI/GO和PANI/r GO的比电容分别为240.38 F/g和321.91F/g。 相似文献
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《Advanced Powder Technology》2021,32(11):3954-3963
The silver nanowire (AgNWs) / cotton fiber was used as a conductive substrate with high conductivity charge transfer. Then the polyaniline (PANI) molecular chain was fixed on the AgNWs / cotton fiber by in-situ polymerization to prevent its dedoping and improve its cyclic properties. Thus the flexible capacitor electrode material with conductive, specific capacity and cyclic properties was obtained. The results showed that when the mass ratio of KH-560 to AgNWs/cotton fiber was 3:1, the grafting rate of epoxide group on the modified AgNWs/cotton fiber was the highest. When the mass ratio of aniline to modified AgNWs cotton fabric was 3:1, the PANI content of in-situ polymerization on the fabric surface was the highest, 20.83%. The specific capacity of PANI/AgNWs/cotton fiber electrode material was the highest, 154 F/g, after 5000 cycles of charging and discharging, the specific capacity could keep 96%. It is worth mentioning, the introduction of PANI and AgNWs could significantly improve the wear resistance of cotton fiber, the friction resistance of the cotton fabric increased to 36,000 times. It is provided a new idea for design a flexible capacitor electrode material integrating electrical conductivity and cyclic stability. 相似文献
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The development of organic devices requires the fabrication of thin films, and inkjet printing has been shown to be a suitable method to reach this goal. This work describes the printing process and characterisation of polyaniline (PANI) printed on bond and photographic papers using a desktop inkjet thermal printer. To enable printing, a solution composed by PANI, n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, ethylene glycol, alcohol and water must be prepared. PANI is printed on bond and photographic paper and then doping of PANI is performed by hydrochloric acid vapour exposure. Micro-Raman spectroscopy showed that PANI printed on paper keeps its basic characteristics. The results from electrical measurements showed that the surface resistivity of the printed PANI samples decreases by increasing the printing number, i.e. the number of layers that were deposited, and depends slightly on the paper type. A stretched semicircle followed by a linear upward tail, attributed to Warburg impedance combined with other intrinsic mechanisms of PANI on porous media, are always present on the Cole-Cole plots obtained for doped-PANI on bond paper. It was shown that these parameters significantly change with the relative humidity, opening the possibility to apply PANI/paper-based devices as humidity sensors. 相似文献
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Synthesis of ultra-fine conducting polyaniline micro/nanotubes using fiber template and their NH3 gas sensitivity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Xue B Qi S Gong J Gao Y Yao S Yin R Qu L 《Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology》2007,7(12):4515-4521
We have recently fabricated ultra-fine conducting polyaniline (PANI) tubes with high gas sensitivity. This route includes two steps. Firstly, aniline polymerizes on the surface of a suitable fiber template prepared by electrospun nitrocellulose (NC). Then, the NC fiber template is dissolved and the ultra-fine PANI tubes are obtained. The structure of the conducting PANI tubes is characterized by IR spectrum and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that the PANI shows the shape of ultra-fine tubes with average inner diameter of 250-350 nm. The wall thickness of the ultra-fine PANI tubes increases with increasing the content of oxidant. The conductivity of the doped PANI tubes is about 6.9 x 10(-2) S. The results of gas sensitivity of the ultra-fine PANI tubes indicate that the PANI tubes can act as "electronic nose" to detect toxic NH3 gas below 20 ppm. 相似文献
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采用溶胶-凝胶法制备锂锌铁氧体(Li_(0.435)Zn_(0.195)Fe_(2.37)O_4,LZFO),界面聚合法制备纯聚苯胺(PANI)和PANI纳米纤维/LZFO复合材料。通过SEM、XRD、FTIR和矢量网络分析(PNA)等对材料的物相、结构和吸波性能进行了表征和分析。结果表明:制备出的样品分别为PANI、LZFO和不同配比的PANI纳米纤维/LZFO复合材料。在2~18GHz范围内,PANI纳米纤维/LZFO复合材料的电磁波反射率-10dB的波段有2个,吸波性能较纯PANI和LZFO有了很大提高,并且拓宽了吸波频带,当PANI纳米纤维/LZFO复合材料中PANI纳米纤维的质量分数为10%,其综合吸波性能最佳,电磁波反射率-10dB的波段分别为2.5~5.5GHz波段和14.5~16.5GHz波段,最大吸收峰可达到-33.8dB。而PANI和LZFO在电磁波反射率-10dB的波段只有1个。因此通过PANI纳米纤维接枝铁氧体,可调节电磁参数,提高材料的吸波性能。 相似文献