金属表面复合保护涂层的制备与性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了有机-无机复合溶胶.用提拉法将复合溶胶涂覆在不锈钢基板上,基板上的湿凝胶经热处理后便形成了透明保护涂层.对制备好的涂层进行了附着力和硬度等性能分析,分析结果表明:有机-无机复合溶胶易于成膜,且成膜具有很好的耐磨性、韧性和耐腐蚀性.     

有机硅溶胶-凝胶防腐蚀涂层研究进展

有机硅溶胶-凝胶涂层是指以烷基烷氧基硅烷为前驱体通过溶胶-凝胶技术制备的涂层。有机硅是分子水平上的有机-无机杂化分子,因此有机硅溶胶-凝胶涂层兼具了有机材料和无机材料的性能,并且能通过合理的调控有机和无机成分来获得所需的性能。其热稳定、耐刮擦性与无机材料的结合性能明显高于普通的有机材料,柔韧性与有机材料的结合性能明显高于一般的无机涂层。近年来,这种新型的、具有特殊性能的涂层被广泛研究用来保护金属材料(如铝、铁、镁、铜基材料)。介绍了有机硅溶胶-凝胶涂层涉及的基本反应、硅烷在金属表面上的成键机理以及在不同金属上的应用等方面的研究进展,并展望了有机硅溶胶-凝胶涂层应用前景及未来的研究方向。     

涂层工艺对KH570-SiO_2复合薄膜耐腐蚀性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)为前驱体,在碳素钢片上和铝片上制备有机-无机复合防腐薄膜。本实验采用盐雾腐蚀实验对复合薄膜的防腐蚀性能进行了表征,探讨了两种前驱体比例、pH值、回流温度等溶胶凝胶过程工艺条件对防腐涂层结构及防腐性能的影响,并初步比较了不同基板上薄膜的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,当TEOS/KH570=1∶1,pH值为4.5时达到最佳防腐性能:在铝板上能够耐盐雾腐蚀240小时以上和钢板上耐盐雾腐蚀8小时以上。     

AZ91D镁合金表面无铬转化膜/杂化复合涂层的耐蚀性能

溶胶凝胶法制备的涂层性能优良,采用溶胶凝胶法、以正硅酸乙酯为主制备性能优良的涂层技术已很成熟,但用于镁合金的防护鲜有报道。为了提高AZ91D镁合金的耐蚀性能,先在其表面制备了无铬钼酸盐转化膜,然后采用有机/无机杂化溶胶凝胶的方法在转化膜表面制备杂化涂层,从而得到转化膜/杂化复合涂层。对复合涂层进行了红外光谱分析,并用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了其微观形貌,同时也对其进行了极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱分析。结果表明:二氧化硅和有机硅氧键通过溶胶凝胶反应,无机和有机间呈网络结构穿插在一起;复合涂层表面平整均匀,无开裂现象;转化膜层和转化膜/杂化复合涂层都可提高镁合金的耐蚀性,但后者的效果更加明显。     

纳米TiO2/有机-无机杂化丙烯酸复合涂层机械及耐腐蚀性能的研究

在采用溶胶-凝胶法合成有机-无机杂化丙烯酸树脂的基础上,研究了纳米TiO2添加量对有机-无机杂化丙烯酸复合涂层机械和耐腐蚀等性能的影响。研究表明,当纳米TiO2添加量为15%时,涂层的性能有了较大的提高,其硬度由3H提高至6H,涂层的耐盐雾时间由100h提高到500h,涂层的阻抗值也由104Ω.cm2提高至106Ω.cm2。另外,通过扫描电镜观察了复合涂层的断面,发现涂层中纳米粒子分散均匀,并且粘接紧密,形成了较为致密的复合涂层。     

有机-无机杂化硅溶胶改性环氧树脂涂层的制备及性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了有机-无机杂化硅溶胶,将其作为改性剂来制备不同配比的改性环氧树脂涂层。利用红外光谱对合成的有机-无机杂化硅溶胶进行了表征。测试了改性涂层的物理化学性能和在模拟油田采出水中的电化学交流阻抗谱,并对涂层进行SEM和EDS分析。结果表明:红外光谱分析合成的有机-无机杂化硅溶胶得到了所需要的特征基团;当m(杂化硅溶胶)∶m(环氧树脂)=5∶4时,涂层的物理性能最佳,同时涂层的耐酸、耐碱效果也得到增强;EIS分析得到其在模拟油田采出水中的耐腐蚀性能有显著改善;从SEM和EDS分析得到m(杂化硅溶胶)∶m(环氧树脂)=5∶4时,涂层的表面形貌相对最好且没有团聚现象,而当m(杂化硅溶胶)∶m(环氧树脂)=5∶1时,涂层的表面团聚现象较为严重。     

溶胶—凝胶法制备有机改性SiO2—TiO2涂层的研究

用溶胶－凝胶法在ＰＭＭＡ上制得ＳｉＯ２－ＴｉＯ２涂层。溶胶粘度分析表明，溶胶以线性生长方式凝胶，适宜于制备薄膜。ＦＴＩＲ对涂层的干燥和热处理过程研究表明，涂层中形成Ｓｉ－Ｏ－Ｔｉ－Ｏ－Ｓｉ无机网络结构。扫描电镜对涂层中Ｔｉ－Ｓｉ元素的分布进行了能谱分析，发现无机网络主要分布于涂层的表面及界面处。     

金属表面Sol-gel法制备耐腐蚀陶瓷涂层的研究进展

综述了溶胶－凝胶涂层的成膜原理，制备工艺，比较了溶胶－凝胶法与其它金属陶瓷涂层的制备工艺，讨论了溶胶－凝胶涂层对金属耐磨腐蚀性能，耐磨性能的改进及在腐蚀防护领域中的应用，还对溶胶－凝胶涂层技术的发展的提出了看法。     

溶胶-凝胶涂层在镁合金腐蚀防护应用中的研究进展

镁合金是21世纪最富开发和应用潜力的优异绿色工程材料之一,但耐蚀性差成为制约其广泛应用的瓶颈。选择和开发合适的表面防护涂层可以有效提高镁合金表面的耐蚀性能。溶胶-凝胶涂层技术凭借其工艺简单、膜层成分结构可控、耐蚀性能优良等优点近年来在镁合金表面的腐蚀防护应用中得到重视。将用溶胶-凝胶技术在镁合金表面制备防腐蚀涂层的研究成果按照有机/无机杂化涂层、缓蚀因子/杂化涂层、电化学氧化/杂化涂层、化学转化/杂化涂层的分类方法进行了分析总结。这些涂层体系各具特色,其中含缓蚀因子的杂化涂层具备自修复能力,化学转化和电化学氧化杂化涂层的附着力突出,而单一涂层更容易破坏。在未来,镁合金表面溶胶-凝胶防护涂层的研究工作仍以有效结合现有的表面处理技术开发长效高耐蚀复合涂层为重心。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备抗原子氧涂层及性质研究

采用有机无机复合的溶胶-凝胶方法,合成了用于聚合物表面保护层的前驱溶液.采用旋转涂覆方法,将前驱溶液涂覆于聚酰亚胺基片上,制成了表面涂层.将所制得的相应涂层分别进行原子氧暴露试验,其表面形貌的变化通过扫描电镜观测.结果表明,在原子氧辐照下,无保护的聚酰亚胺表面已非常粗糙,与辐照前的光滑表面形成显著的对比.而涂覆有保护层的表面,原子氧辐照前后却没有变化.这表明使用这种有机无机复合的溶液涂层具有很好的抗原子氧能力.     

Synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrid sols with nano silica particles and organoalkoxysilanes for transparent and high-thermal-resistance coating films using sol-gel reaction

Organic-inorganic hybrid sols were synthesized from nano silica particles dispersed in water and from organoalkoxysilanes, using the sol-gel reaction. This work focuses on the effects of the three multifunctional organoalkoxysilanes dimethyldimethoxysilane (DMDMS), methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) to form a transparent and high-thermal-resistance coating film. The stability of the hybrid sol was evaluated as a function of the reaction time for 10 d through the variation of the viscosity. The viscosity of the silica/DMDMS and silica/MTMS sol was slightly increased for 10 d. The multifunctional organoalkoxysilanes formed dense silica networks through hydrolysis and condensation reaction, which enhanced the thermal resistance of the coating films. No thermal degradation of the silica/DMDMS sample occurred up to 600 degrees C, and none of the silica/MTMS and silica/TMOS samples occurred either up to 700 degrees C. The organic-inorganic hybrid sols were coated on the glass substrate using a spin-coating procedure. The organic-inorganic hybrid sols formed flat coating films without cracks. The transmittance of the hybrid sol coating films using MTMS and DMDMS was shown to be over 90%. The transmittance of the silica/TMOS sol coating film reacted for 10 d abruptly decreased due to faster gelation. The silica/DMDMS and silica/MTMS hybrid sols formed smooth coating films while the surface roughness of the silica/TMOS coating film markedly increased when the hybrid sol reacted for 10 d. The increase of the surface roughness of the silica/TMOS coating film can be attributed to the degradation of the stability of the hybrid sol and to the loss of transmittance of the coating film. It was confirmed in this study that the use of organic-inorganic hybrid sol can yield transparent and high-thermal-resistance coating films.     

超支化聚合物在涂料中应用的研究进展

介绍了超支化聚合物独特的分子结构和性能特点,综述了国内外在应用超支化聚合物制备Uv固化涂料、粉末涂料、高固体分涂料、有机-无机杂化涂料、水性涂料及其它一些特殊涂料方面的研究进展,指出了目前超支化聚合物在涂料中应用存在的主要问题,并展望了其发展趋势.     

二氧化硅基有机-无机防腐蚀杂化膜的制备及性能

传统的钢铁表面覆膜技术如磷化、铬酸盐钝化等污染严重,硅烷化和有机-无机杂化涂层用于金属预处理则具有耐温、耐腐蚀等优点,又利于环保.以正硅酸乙酯、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷为原料,采用溶胶.凝胶法制备了SiO2基有机-无机杂化材料.通过红外光谱对不同温度处理的杂化材料进行了分析,以差示扫描量热法研究了杂化材料在不同温度下的吸放热反应,结合对杂化溶胶涂覆于钢铁基体表面形成涂层的塔菲尔曲线分析,对杂化膜的保护性能进行了研究.结果表明:涂层试样在N2气氛下300℃热处理,可以保证涂层中Si-O-Si键等最大程度地键合,并有效保留了有机组分,从而有利于保证杂化材料涂层的完整性,较大地提高了基体钢铁的耐腐蚀性能,可作为金属表面涂装处理工序中良好的中间过渡层.     

Thermowetting embossing nanoimprinting of the organic-inorganic hybrid materials

A new UV-based soft-lithographic technique for submicron patterns via thermowetting of organic-inorganic hybrid materials is described. Specifically, 300-nm scale patterns were replicated utilising this coating-free fabrication method. With thermowetting embossing nanoimprinting technique, a poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) mold with a submicron-scale relief was placed on a thermally wetted organic-inorganic hybrid material, which was then polymerized with UV light. The thermowetting embossing nanoimprinting technique can be applied universally to patternable organic-inorganic hybrid materials, such as methacrylic and vinylic organic-inorganic hybrid materials. Fabricated submicron patterns can also be applied to the nanoscale patterning, e.g., arrayed photonic band gap materials.     

疏水型多孔PVA/SiO2有机无机杂化材料的研究

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料，基于溶胶凝胶工艺制备出疏水型多孔PVA／SiO2有机无机杂化材料。杂化材料内部的硅氧链与PVA链相互交织，形成杂化网络结构，具有增强增韧的效果。杂化材料在热处理过程中，小分子逸出产生的微孔和材料表面面外的甲基，赋予了材料的透气疏水性能，可用于制备性能优良的环保型包装薄膜、农用地膜等功能复合材料。     

Hybrid organic-inorganic ZnS-loaded nanocomposite films for stable optical coatings

Nanocomposite films consisting of a sol-gel hybrid organic-inorganic matrix incorporating ZnS nanocrystals (NCs) have been developed. The nanocomposites films have high visible transparency, enhanced refractive index and photochemical stability. Usage of the diphenyldimethoxysilane and of the ZnS NCs at different concentrations allowed tuning the optical characteristics. Hybrid matrix, NCs and nanocomposite films were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction, High Resolution Transmission Microscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, UV-visible and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Applications of nanocomposite films are being investigated as a stable coating for optical purposes.     

Mechanical characterisation of glass fibres as an indirect analysis of the effect of surface treatment

Tensile strength of E-glass fibres have been analysed using a bimodal Weibull two parameter cumulative distribution function. The bimodal character were associated to surface and internal flaws, respectively. Influence of silane coating as well as industrial sizing on the flaws distribution was quantitatively characterised. A qualitative interpretation of their effect based on a combination of probabilistic and deterministic approaches were proposed in terms of crack healing. It was demonstrated there that mechanical testing of fibres can be used as an indirect observation technique of the consequences of the surface treatment. An analogy is proposed between the sizing treatment of glass fibres and the strengthening of silica glass by means of hybrid organic-inorganic coatings.     

Synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrid sols using trifunctional organoalkoxysilanes for dispersion agents

We investigated the properties of synthetically produced organic-inorganic hybrid coatings by a sol-gel process. The properties of organic-inorganic hybrid materials arise from the synergism between the properties of the individual components. One of the typical way to synthesize the organic-inorganic hybrid materials is to use silica and silanes. A colloidal silica sol was used as an inorganic material. Methyltrimethoxysilane and phenyltrimethoxysilane were used as the trifunctional organoalkoxysilanes. Hybrid sols of colloidal silica and silanes were synthesized as a function of reaction time and methyltrimethoxysilane/phenyltrimethoxysilane ratio by a sol-gel process. Physical properties of sol solutions such as stability, viscosity, and transmittance were investigated. The surface roughness and surface free energy of the coatings were also measured.     

PHPMA/SiO2有机无机杂化材料的研究

以甲基丙烯酸p羟丙酯(HPMA)、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料，基于溶胶凝胶技术合成出聚甲基丙烯酸B羟丙酯PHPMA／SiO2均质透明有机无机杂化材料。采用气相色谱(GC)技术、紫外可见分光度技术研究TEOS与HPMA杂化机理。利用FT—IR和DSC技术对杂化材料进行表征。实验结果表明，HP—MA的活性羟基与TEOS的乙氧基间能够发生杂化反应，形成以Si—O--C链结合的有机无机杂化网络，这些有机无机杂化网络赋予了材料优异的力学性能和热学性能。根据实验结果预测了PHPMA／SiO2杂化材料网络模型。