铒离子浓度对掺铒光纤光源性能影响研究

研究了铒离子掺杂浓度对掺铒光纤光源的泵浦效率和波长稳定性的影响.在设计好的单程后向光源中采用5种不同类型的光纤分别进行了实验,通过比较采用不同光纤时掺铒光纤光源的输出特性发现掺铒光纤光源的泵浦效率随铒离子浓度增大而先增大;铒离子浓度过高时存在群聚效应,光源泵浦效率反而下降,群聚效应使泵浦效率下降了20%.泵浦阈值则随着铒离子浓度的增加从18.3 mW增加到了32.4 mW.通过试验发现光纤优化长度依比例决定于掺铒光纤中的铒离子浓度,而泵浦波长与光源波长的关系却不受铒离子浓度影响.比较采用不同铒离子浓度光纤的光源的小范围温度特性,较低浓度的光纤温度稳定性好于高浓度的温度稳定性将近100 ppm.通过实验确定掺铒光纤中最适宜的铒离子浓度在110 mol左右.     

非对称光纤反射镜的可调谐光纤激光器

提出一种非对称窄带光纤环形反射镜结构的可调谐掺铒光纤激光器。980nm泵浦光对掺铒有源光纤进行抽运,高双折射光纤、偏振控制器（PC）和光纤耦合器构成窄带光纤反射镜,窄带光纤反射镜和普通光纤反射镜组成激光谐振腔,利用窄带光纤反射镜工作带宽纳米量级的特性得到单纵模激光。调整偏振控制器改变反射镜对不同波长的反射率,实现可变波长的激光输出。实验表明,该激光器的工作带宽为8nm,120mW泵浦光条件下最大输出功率为4mW,3dB带宽（脉冲的半高宽度）小于0．2nm,边模抑制比为20dB以上,在1527nm～1535nm的波长范围内观察到稳定激光输出。     

单轴光纤陀螺光学结构的研究与实现

针对实际系统中的单轴干涉式光纤陀螺仪结构与稳定性问题,提出将Lyot消偏器引入到陀螺光学结构中,新结构在不改变原陀螺光路高精度特性的基础上,使系统输入极低偏振度的自然光,提高了单轴光纤陀螺的精度和稳定性.利用琼斯矩阵与干涉矩阵建立了单轴干涉式光纤陀螺的系统模型,对该陀螺的输出及零点偏移情况进行了仿真分析和实验研究.结果表明,该设计结构在提高了陀螺系统的精度与稳定性的同时,还在一定程度上降低了系统对光源偏振度的要求.     

掺铒碲基单模光纤的制备及其放大自发辐射光谱

制备了一种新型的可应用于1．5μm通讯窗口宽带放大自发辐射光源的掺铒碲酸盐玻璃单模光纤（EDTF），并分析了其热学性质和光谱特性、该玻璃显示了良好的热稳定性（△T〉150℃）和匹配的热膨胀系数．采用自制EDTF短光纤，组装了超荧光单程反向结构光源（SPB），利用波长为980nm的半导体激光器抽运掺Er^3＋的碲酸盐短光纤，可在1450-1650nm范围获得宽带宽的铒离子放大自发辐射光谱（ASE）．研究了光纤长度，泵浦功率等对放大自发辐射光谱的影响．研究结果显示，该碲酸盐玻璃是一种适用于宽带放大自发辐射光源的基质材料．     

4×622Mb／s密集波分复用282Km无再生中继光纤传输实验

介绍了８６３计划光电子主题光电子器件试验床（Ｔｅｓｔｂｅｄ）的概况及其最新的实验结果。采用４只国产ＤＦＢ激光器组件为光源、３台国内研制的掺铒光纤放大器作级联放大，实现了在１５５０ｎｍ波段、４路６２２Ｍｂ／ｓ信道、相邻信道波长间隙为２ｎｍ的２８２Ｋｍ单模光纤无再生中继传输，系统误码率优于１×１０－１２。实验表明，随着我国高性能的量子阱半导体激光器和掺铒光纤放大器的研制成功，进行下一代光纤通信技术的研究，包括开展具有多级掺铒光纤放大器放大的高速大容量波分复用光纤通信系统的研制和开发已有了坚实的基础。     

基于Sagnac环形滤波器的多波长掺铥光纤激光器

为了实现2μm波段多波长激光输出,提出并设计了一种基于Sagnac环形滤波结构的多波长掺铥光纤激光器.激光器由波长793 nm的泵浦源、波分复用器、光纤耦合器、保偏光纤、掺铥光纤以及偏振控制器构成,其中Sagnac环形滤波器以及光纤环形镜作为激光器的反射端.实验中,激光器工作阈值为77.5 m W,通过调节偏振控制器,实现了稳定的单波长激光输出.波长为1 852.8 nm的单波长激光输出时,在50 min监测时间内波长最大漂移为0.1 nm,功率最大漂移为0.252 d B,激光3 d B线宽和信噪比分别为0.3 nm和35.7 d B.通过调节偏振控制器,在1 850~1 900 nm光谱范围内实现了1~4波长的激光输出.     

短腔的高浓度掺铒光纤激光器

本文提出采用高浓度掺铒光纤的短腔环形光纤激光器,研制出铋铝共掺和铋镓铝共掺两种石英基高浓度掺铒光纤,这两种掺铒光纤的吸收系数在1530 nm处分别达到了66.3dB/m和59.5dB/m.利用这两种石英基高浓度掺铒光纤,采用环形结构制作出了短腔的光纤激光器,光纤激光器中铒光纤长度分别仅为30 cm和90 cm.对采用这两种高浓度掺铒光纤制作的光纤激光器的输出特性进行了测试和分析.实验结果表明,采用铋镓铝共掺的掺铒光纤制作的光纤激光器具有更高的输出功率和斜率效率,在980 nm泵浦源输出功率330 mW时可以实现15 dBm的激光输出,激光器的斜率效率达到了22%.     

C+L波段掺铒光纤光源模拟算法

提出了利用打靶法模拟双级双程泵浦结构掺铒光纤宽带光源的算法,该算法通过对打靶法的初值校正部分进行改进,加入了阻尼因子与下降因子,并把这两个因子同时应用到初值校正中,从而克服了传统打靶法在铒纤长度较长时校正矩阵奇异造成的算法不收敛的缺点.结合宽带光源的理论模型,给出了算法的实际过程,模拟得到了在光纤最佳长度处的C L波段输出谱型,并通过实验证实了模拟与实验结果相符合.最后讨论了导致宽带光源输出谱型不是最佳的因素,随着光纤长度增加导致的损耗,以及两端泵浦功率的比值,并给出了在泵浦功率比是最佳和不是最佳两种情况下的实验谱型.     

宽带光纤拉曼放大器的增益平坦化实验研究

本文采用波长为 1 455nm的大功率光纤拉曼激光器(FRL)作为泵浦源,啁啾布拉格光纤光栅作为增益平坦滤波器,用两种不同的光源组合作为信号源(宽带ASE光源) 波分复用模拟器(WDM-emulator)以及四通道外腔可谐调式激光器(ECL) 滤波器型波分复用器(FWDM))对光纤拉曼放大器的增益平坦化特性进行实验研究,获得了平坦增益带宽为55nm(1 519～1 574nm),平均开关增益大小为15.2dB,增益不平坦度为±0.8dBd的宽带光纤拉曼放大器.通过实验研究表明,该方案为带宽低于60nm的光纤拉曼放大器的增益平坦化设计提供了一种新的选择.     

L波段掺铒光纤超荧光光源和放大器研究

通过优化铒光纤长度,获得了平坦谱宽达30nm(0.7dB)的L波段超荧光光源,该光源具有7.21dBm的输出功率。在此基础上,研究L波段放大器增益特性,通过对铒光纤长度的进一步优化,用1480nm激光器作前向泵浦源,实验上获得了波长从1565nm~1595nm范围平坦的增益带宽,小信号增益可达22dB。     

Polarization changes at Lyot depolarizer output for different types of input beams

Lyot depolarizers are optical devices made of birefringent materials used for producing unpolarized beams from totally polarized incident light. The depolarization is produced for polychromatic input beams due to the different phase introduced by the Lyot depolarizer for each wavelength. The effect of this device on other types of incident fields is investigated. In particular two cases are analyzed: (i) monochromatic and nonuniformly polarized incident beams and (ii) incident light synthesized by superposition of two monochromatic orthogonally polarized beams with different wavelengths. In the last case, it is theoretically and experimentally shown that the Lyot depolarizer increases the degree of polarization instead of depolarizes.     

一种紫外窄带宽透射型石英消偏器的研究

为了在紫外波段 200~350nm,窄带宽 1nm 的情况下实现消偏,在 Lyot 型消偏器的基础上,设计了一种由两块厚的石英延迟片组成的消偏器。应用矩阵光学理论计算了该消偏器的剩余偏振度,并得到了消偏条件。建立了测试系统并在实验上验证了消偏效果,得到了 6.5%的剩余偏振度,与理论计算有较好的一致性。分析了测试误差来源,提出了用多片组石英来提高消偏效果的途径。     

Using a Mach-Zehnder-interference-based passive configuration to eliminate the polarization noise in Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry

We propose a passive polarization depolarizer to overcome the polarization noise in Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR). We also give a theoretical analysis of the depolarizer. The depolarizer is highly stable and has small insertion loss. It is based on a Mach-Zehnder interference scheme and mainly consists of two polarization beam splitters and a piece of delay fiber. Experimental results show that the polarization noise can be reduced by 96% by the depolarizer, and the Brillouin frequency shift induced by heat can be accurately detected by BOTDR with this depolarizer. The pulse width is 30 ns and the length of the sensing fiber is 24 km, which is the longest reported distance achieved with such a short pulse for BOTDR, to the best of our knowledge.     

Wavelength-spacing switchable multiwavelength fiber lasers based on nonlinear polarization rotation with cascaded birefringence fibers

A wavelength-spacing switchable multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber lasers incorporating a highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) based on nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) has been demonstrated. The intensity-dependent transmission effect originating from NPR ensures room-temperature multi-wavelength lasing, which is further self-stabilized by the four-wave mixing in the HNF. Moreover, the equivalent Lyot birefringence fiber filter with two cascaded birefringence fibers makes the wavelength spacing switchable depending on the effective length of the birefringence fiber. The experimentally obtained multiwavelength outputs agree well with the simulation filter transmission spectra.     

Depolarization index and the average degree of polarization

Two single number metrics for depolarization of samples are contrasted: (1) the average degree of polarization of the exiting light averaged over the Poincaré sphere and (2) the depolarization index of Gill and Berbenau [Opt. Acta 32, 259-261 (1985); 33, 185-189 (1986)1. The depolarization index is a geometric measure that varies from 0 for the ideal depolarizer to 1 for nondepolarizing Mueller matrices. The average degree of polarization also varies from 0 to 1 and characterizes the typical level of depolarization. Although the depolarization index is very often close to the average degree of polarization, these two metrics can differ by more than 0.5 for certain Mueller matrices.     

Passive single-mode fiber depolarizer

We analyze and demonstrate a passive single-mode fiber depolarizer by using cascaded 2 x 2 couplers, recirculating delay lines, and a commercial laser diode. Design criteria and principles are discussed. We reduced the degree of polarization (DOP) to less than 20 dB by using ten cascaded couplers. The DOP can be reduced even further with more couplers. Experiments illustrate that this depolarizer is insensitive to the input polarization state and can eliminate polarization noise in a polarization-sensitive fiber-optic system.     

多波长掺镱光纤激光器实验研究

为了产生室温下掺镱光纤激光器稳定的多波长激光振荡,采用两个光纤环镜作为线形腔掺镱光纤激光器的端镜,在其中一个环镜中熔接一段保偏光纤构成梳状滤波器,通过优化掺镱光纤长度和腔损耗,实现了室温下1060nm附近稳定的多波长振荡.实验结果表明,在室温下,掺镱光纤存在比较明显的非均匀加宽效应,从而使得激光器的振荡波长数随泵浦功率的增加而增加.     

Theory of a tunable fiber ring depolarizer theory

The depolarizing properties of a fiber ring structure have been analyzed, and the analytical solution to the device optimization has been found. The result proves that a tunable fiber ring depolarizer can completely depolarize light for any input state of polarization.