离子液体[BMIM][BF_4]中CdS纳米棒的合成与表征

以室温离子液体1-甲基-3-丁基咪唑四氟硼酸盐为介质制备了CdS纳米棒,采用X射线衍射和透射电镜对样品进行了结构表征。结果表明所制备CdS纳米棒具有六方相结构,直径为30nm左右,长度为300nm左右。离子液体和长链烷胺的双重作用促使了CdS一维棒状结构的形成。离子液体同时起到了修饰剂和导向剂的作用。     

疏水性离子液体基银纳米流体的制备及稳定性研究

在离子液体/水双液相体系中,以双硫腙为萃取剂,将银离子从水相萃取到离子液体相中,在超声辅助条件下将离子液体相中的银离子还原,制备了银/1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸(Ag/[BMIm]PF6)纳米流体。制得的纳米流体用纳米粒度仪、透射电子显微镜和紫外-可见分光光度计进行了表征,结果表明,银纳米粒子的平均粒度在11nm左右,在离子液体中分布均匀。双硫腙不仅有效地阻止了纳米粒子间的团聚及氧化,而且增强了纳米粒子在离子液体中的可溶性,使得纳米银粒子在离子液体中有良好的分散性和稳定性。     

离子液体中不同形貌硫化镉的合成及光催化活性

以硝酸镉和硫代乙酰胺为原料,在不同的离子液体水溶液中采用超声法合成了不同形貌的硫化镉。采用XRD、SEM、BET、紫外-可见吸收光谱等手段对样品的结构和光学性能进行了考察,以罗丹明B为目标降解物考察了不同形貌硫化镉的光催化性能。结果表明,在不同的离子液体水溶液中可分别得到粒状、棒状和粒棒混合体。对比了纳米粒子、纳米棒和粒棒混合体对罗丹明B的降解率,结果表明,CdS纳米粒子具有更高的光催化效率,其粒状硫化镉比表面积为79.5m2/g,远大于其它形状的硫化镉。在紫外光和可见光的照射下,反应120min罗丹明B的降解率分别为97%和30%。离子液体的特殊结构是粒状硫化镉具有较高光催化活性的原因。     

有机-无机离子纳米粒子的合成及在聚合物中的应用研究进展

有机-无机离子纳米粒子在无溶剂的条件下具备类似于液体的流动性、导电性能和耐热性能好、粒子自组装有序排列、呈现单分散核-壳粒子、结构稳定及具有绿色环保性等优点,能在纳米材料领域广泛应用。重点介绍了有机-无机离子纳米粒子的制备方法、分类、原理及在高分子复合材料领域的应用前景,并指出其在实际应用中遇到的瓶颈。     

聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮稳定的离子液体基金纳米流体的制备及稳定性研究

在离子液体/水双液相体系中,以聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)为萃取剂,将[AuCl4]-从水相萃取到离子液体相中。在超声辅助条件下用四氢硼钠将离子液体相中的金离子还原,制备了金/1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸(Au/[BMIm]PF6)纳米流体。制得的金纳米流体用纳米粒度仪和透射电子显微镜进行表征,结果表明,金纳米粒子的平均粒度在11.7nm左右,在离子液体中分布均匀;红外光谱分析结果表明,PVP与金纳米粒子之间存在化学键合作用,对纳米金具有表面修饰的作用,PVP不仅增强了金纳米粒子在离子液体中的溶解性,而且提高了纳米金的抗氧化能力并有效阻止了金纳米粒子间的团聚,使得金纳米粒子在离子液体中有良好的分散性和稳定性。     

pH对离子液体辅助水热制备介孔二氧化钛结构的影响

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源, 离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟化硼([C₄MIM]BF₄)为辅助剂, 采用水热法制备了锐钛矿相的介孔二氧化钛。用盐酸和氨水调节反应前驱体的pH, 考察了pH在1~11变化范围内对离子液体-水制备二氧化钛体系的影响。采用X射线衍射和N2吸附?脱附对样品的晶相和孔结构进行表征。结果表明: 离子液体抑制了板钛矿二氧化钛的形成, 随着pH的增大样品的晶化程度增强。pH在1~9较大范围变化时, 其孔径分布较窄, 平均孔径随pH增大由6.6 nm减小到5.0 nm, 此时离子液体能较好的将样品粒径控制在9 nm左右。这与透射电镜分析结果相一致。     

Fe_3O_4水基磁性液体的制备及性能研究

采用化学共沉法制备磁粒子№04,选用表面活性剂油酸进行一次包覆,乳化剂OP（烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚）进行二次包覆制备出稳定的水基磁性液体。利用XRD和TEM分析了样品的结构、形貌及粒径;运用VSM技术研究了样品磁性能;重点考察了油酸和OP用量对水基磁性液体稳定性的影响。结果表明,所制备的Fe304粒子为球形,颗粒的粒径较均匀...     

离子液体[Bmim-]PF6的微波合成、表征及以[Bmim]PF6为介质的TiO2光催化剂的制备研究

采用微波两步法合成了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷([Bmim]PF6)离子液体,优化了离子液体的合成条件,探讨了微波辅助合成离子液体的影响因素,采用多种方法表征了离子液体的结构,并使用该离子液体制备了TiO2光催化剂.制备的TiO2具有良好的光催化活性,16h内对苯酚的降解率达到99.23%.     

离子液体辅助水热合成CeO_2纳米棒（英文）

以CeCl6·6H2O和NH3·6H2O为原料,使用离子液体1-丁基-3甲基咪唑氯盐([Bmim]Cl)辅助水热法在160℃下合成了Ce O2纳米棒。采用X射线衍射(XRD)和高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)对样品的结构和形貌进行了表征。实验结果表明:使用离子液体辅助水热法制备的产物为Ce O2纳米棒,而没有离子液体时产物则为外形无规则的纳米颗粒。所制备的纳米棒直径为13~25 nm,长度为200~500 nm。增大离子液体的用量将得到纳米颗粒。此外,升高水热温度至180℃所得样品为直径19~24 nm的纳米球,该纳米球由2 nm的纳米晶团聚而成。     

聚氧化乙烯-聚硅氧烷基离子液体复合聚合物电解质的研究

通过对不同聚硅氧烷(PDMS)含量的聚氧化乙烯-聚硅氧烷(PEO-PDMS)聚合物电解质电化学性能的测试,确定出PDMS最佳添加量,并以此聚合物配比为基体,通过复合不同质量分数的离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐([BMIM]TF-SI)或N-甲基、丙基哌啶双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐(PP13TFSI),制备得到不同体系的离子液体复合聚合物电解质膜。离子液体的加入可显著提高聚合物电解质的室温电导率,样品PPP-100%室温电导率达到5.6×10-4S/cm。同时,样品均具有良好的热学和电化学稳定性。通过两种体系聚合物电解质性能对比得知,PP13TFSI离子液体复合聚合物电解质具有更优性能,有望作为新型电解质材料应用在锂离子电池中。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.