高强汽车双相钢的连续退火与组织性能研究

目的 提升高强DP980双相钢的力学性能,优化连续退火工艺。方法 对高强汽车双相钢进行了连续退火处理,研究了连续退火均热温度、均热时间、过时效温度对冷轧双相钢显微组织、物相组织和力学性能的影响。结果 对于不同退火均热温度处理的双相钢,其组织均为铁素体(F)+马氏体(M),随着均热温度从715 ℃升高至865 ℃,残余奥氏体体积分数逐渐减小,抗拉强度、屈服强度先增后减,断后伸长率逐渐减小,在均热温度为815 ℃时,双相钢的抗拉强度和屈服强度达到最大值。随着均热时间从0.5 min延长至5 min,双相钢的晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,残余奥氏体体积分数先减后增,抗拉强度、屈服强度先增后减,断后伸长率先减后增,在均热时间为1.5 min时,抗拉强度和屈服强度达到最大值。随着过时效温度从245 ℃上升至395 ℃,双相钢中的马氏体体积分数逐渐减小,当过时效温度为395 ℃时,出现了贝氏体,奥氏体体积分数先增后减,抗拉强度、屈服强度逐渐减小,断后伸长率逐渐增大。结论 冷轧DP980双相钢适宜的连续退火工艺如下:均热温度为815 ℃、均热时间为3 min、过时效温度为295 ℃。此时双相钢具有较好的强塑性。     

马氏体含量对双相钢力学性能的影响

在Ｅｓｈｅｌｂｙ等效夹杂的基础上，建立了双相钢在单向应力作用下的自洽模型，通过该模型对双相钢的弹塑性变形进行了数值模拟，拟合的结果与试验数据十分吻合。模型分析表明，对于马氏体，铁素体双相钢，随着马氏体含量的增加，存在着三种不同的破坏形式，其强度受三种不同的因素影响：在马氏含量奶小时，双相钢的强度由铁素体控制；在马氏体含量很高时，双相钢的强度由马氏体控制；马氏体含量中等时，双相钢的强度由马氏体，铁素     

连续退火和水淬+回火工艺对DP1000双相钢屈服特性的影响

分别采用连续退火和水淬+回火工艺模拟了1000MPa级冷轧双相钢的退火过程.连续退火工艺下双相钢的屈服强度较低,250℃过时效时屈服强度为472MPa;320℃过时效时屈服强度为454MPa.而水淬+回火工艺下双相钢的屈服强度较高,250℃回火时屈服强度为1083MPa;320℃回火时屈服强度为887MPa.金相分析显...     

热镀锌连续退火工艺对高强IF钢组织和性能的影响

研究了热镀锌连续退火工艺对高强IF钢性能、组织及第二相粒子析出的影响。利用EU AV型热浸镀工艺模拟实验机对热镀锌高强IF钢进行了不同连续退火温度以及在同一温度下分别保温不同时间的连续退火工艺模拟实验。用万能试验机、光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜对样品的性能、组织和第二相粒子进行了检测分析。结果表明:热镀锌连续退火工艺直接影响产品的力学性能、微观组织和第二相粒子的析出,并得出了退火工艺对产品性能、组织和第二相粒子的影响规律。     

C-Si—Mn冷轧双相钢的应变硬化特性

试制了C-Si-Mn冷轧双相钢.采用力学测试、显微组织观察与修正的C-J分析方法研究了双相钢的应变硬化特性.研究结果表明,双相钢的应变硬化具有两阶段.第一阶段应变硬化能力较强,第二阶段硬化能力减弱.两阶段硬化之间存在一个转折应变.当马氏体体积分数小于16%,随马氏体体积分数的增加,两阶段硬化能力均增强.当马氏体体积分数大于16%,随马氏体体积分数的增加,两阶段硬化能力均减弱.硬化转折应变则随马氏体体积分数增加单调递减.铁素体与马氏体的弹塑性行为差异是导致双相钢两阶段硬化的主要原因.马氏体体积分数增加,其强化效果增加,但是由于马氏体中的碳含量降低,其塑性抗力降低.只有当马氏体量增加带来的强化效应大于碳含量减少的弱化效应时,双相钢的应变硬化能力才随之增加.     

喷溅及连续退火对SPCC钢压平缝焊接头强度的影响

对三种板厚的ＳＰＣＣ钢冷轧薄板进行了高速连续压平缝焊试验,对试样进行了连续退火处理,观察了接头的焊接缺陷、显微组织、测试了接头的拉剪强度,分析讨论了影响拉剪强度的主要因素。结果表明,内部喷溅等焊接缺陷将显著降低接头强度。当不含焊接缺陷时,再结晶退火态接头的强度高于母材,断口处于母材,属韧性断裂;而焊态接头的强度低于母材,断口处于焊趾处,属脆性断裂。     

马氏体对C-Si-Mn冷轧双相钢屈服特性的影响

通过实验室退火与回火,采用力学测定与显微组织分析研究了马氏体体积分数与回火温度对双相钢屈服特性的影响.结果表明:随马氏体体积分数从0%增加到约15%,双相钢的屈服强度显著降低,降低值约为80～100MPa;而马氏体体积分数在15%～35%之间,双相钢的屈服强度维持在一个较低的水平.当马氏体体积分数大于35%,双相钢屈服...     

热轧双相钢的发展现状及高强热轧双相钢的开发

介绍了热轧双相钢的发展现状及存在问题,指出低成本热轧双相钢、高延伸凸缘型铁素体+贝氏体热轧双相钢(F-B热轧双相钢)及高强度热轧双相钢的开发及应用,将促进我国热轧双相钢的发展,推动汽车工业的"以热代冷"进程。同时,探讨了纳米析出强化型热轧双相钢的强化机理及工艺控制原理,并在实验室进行了中试,开发出铁素体基体析出强化型的热轧双相钢,其抗拉强度达770~830 MPa,屈强比0.75,组织为铁素体+马氏体,且铁素体基体中存在大量细小的纳米级尺寸的TiC过饱和析出和相间析出。     

600MPa级冷轧双相钢的试制与研究

在实验室试制了600MPa级低成本C-Mn系冷轧双相钢,比较了热轧态普通组织和退火后双相组织与力学性能的关系,分析了双相组织的强化机理,讨论了热轧卷取温度对最终力学性能的影响,分析并且优化了连续退火工艺参数.采用X衍射和电子背散射EBSD观察了试制双相钢组织的宏观与微观取向.     

连续退火温度对马钢CSP流程IF钢冷轧板屈服强度的影响

采用连续退火工艺方法，研究了以CSP流程热轧卷为基料生产的冷轧卷退火温度对屈服强度的影响。分析了加热温度、缓冷温度和快冷温度对屈服强度影响的显著性，制定了连续退火温度的优化方案。     

Effect of martensite strength on the tensile strength of dual phase steels

Fe-2% Si-1.5% Mn steels with three levels of carbon content (0.10, 0.14 and 0.19 wt%) were intercritically annealed followed by water quenching to obtain dual phase (martensite plus ferrite) structure. It is found that the ultimate tensile strength of dual phase steels increased with increasing the volume fraction as well as the tensile strength of martensite. The tensile strength of dual phase steel can be predicted using the law of mixtures although the predicted tensile strength is slightly higher than the experimental one. It is suggested that martensite never reaches its ultimate tensile strength when the necking of dual phase steels occurs.     

Effect of martensite morphology on the strength differential effect in dual phase steels

The formation of elongated martensite particles leaves residual axial tensile stresses in much of the ferrite. In the hydrostatic pressure tests, all conducted in tension, this residual stress does not affect the pressure dependence of the flow stress. Hence the mechanical responses is not unusual. However, for strength differential tests, conducted at ambient pressures, this pre-existing residual stress is additive to the strength differential effect which arises from the pressure dependence of the flow stress of dislocations. Thus, this type of test responds to the presence of the residual stresses.     

连续退火对5% Mn超细晶TRIP钢组织性能的影响

为开发强度和塑性良好配合的第三代汽车钢,采用CCT-AY-Ⅱ型钢板连续退火机模拟分析了不同退火温度和时间对0.1C-5Mn中锰TRIP钢组织性能的影响规律.采用SEM和EBSD等微观分析方法观察不同工艺下制备的中锰TRIP的微观组织,利用XRD方法测量残余奥氏体体积分数,通过实验测量其力学性能.结果表明:实验的中锰TRIP钢在650℃保温3 min退火后获得最佳的综合力学性能,其抗拉强度为1 022 MPa,总延伸率为19.3%,强塑积为20 GPa·%;应变前期试验钢中大量残余奥氏体发生转变,超细晶间的协调机制对试验钢的塑性起主导作用.     

Effect of water quench process on mechanical properties of cold rolled dual phase steel microalloyed with niobium

Effect of water quench process on tensile properties of microalloyed dual phase (DP) steel was investigated. The results showed that the tensile strength and yield strength decrease while total elongation increases with decreasing quenching temperature. Different quenching temperatures lead to not only different amounts of martensite, but also different volume fractions of new ferrite. Due to exemption of precipitation strengthening, new ferrite will contribute to not only the increase of ductility, but also the improvement of microalloyed DP steel strength.     

High temperature mechanical properties of triple phase steels

A 0.15% C–1.2% Si–1.7% Mn steel was intercritically annealed at 780 °C for 5 min and then isothermally held at 400 °C for 4 min followed by oil quenching to room temperature and the annealed microstructure consist of 75% ferrite , 15% bainite and 10% retained austenite was produced. Samples of this steel with triple phase structure were tensile tested at temperature range of 25–450 °C. Stress–strain curves showed serration flow at temperature range of 120–400 °C and smooth flow at the other temperatures. All of the stress–strain curves showed discontinuous yielding at all testing temperatures. Both yield and ultimate tensile strength decreased with increasing temperature, but there exists a temperature region (120–400 °C) where a reduction of strength with increasing temperature is retarded or even slightly increased. The variation in the mechanical properties with temperature was related to the effects of dynamic strain aging, high temperature softening, bainite tempering and austenite to martensite transformation during deformation.     

Comparison of mechanical properties of martensite/ferrite and bainite/ferrite dual phase 4340 steels

Different microstructures were produced by heat treatment of 4340 steel. These microstructures are bainite, martensite, ferrite–martensite and ferrite–bainite. Mechanical tests were carried out at room temperature. The results showed that steel with bainite–ferrite microstructure has better ductility and charpy impact energy than steels with martensite–ferrite and full bainite microstructures. But yield and tensile strengths of this steel are less than the yield and tensile strengths of the other two steels. Hardness measurements showed that their hardness is the same. Fracture surface observations of tensile specimens showed increase in toughness of bainite–ferrite in comparison to martensite–ferrite and full bainite microstructures.     

Effect of morphology of second-phase martensite on tensile properties of Fe-0.1C dual phase steels

Fe-0.1 C steel has been studied to determine the effect of morphology (shape, size and distribution) of the second-phase martensite on the tensile properties of dual phase steels. Retention at an intercritical temperature of 1023 to 1073 K followed by ice-brine quenching (intercritical quenching treatments), whereby martensite appears to surround the ferrite grain, increased strength, but produced an increased yield ratio and decreased ductility. Incorporation of 1223 K direct ice-brine quenching prior to the intercritical quenching treatment at 1053 K gave rise to the distribution of fine spheroidized martensite in a refined ferrite matrix. The heat treatment significantly improved strength and ductility, but produced a somewhat increased yield ratio. Austenitization at a temperature of 1223 K followed by step quenching to 1023 K prior to ice-brine quenching, whereby martensite was randomly scattered in massive form in the ferrite matrix, gave a better combination of strength and ductility and produced a decreased yield ratio. These results are briefly discussed in terms of stress-strain analysis and fractography.     

Effect of thermo mechanical treatment on mechanical properties of structural steels

The mechanical properties of ordinary and vacuum-smelted steels subjected to thermomechanical and thermal treatments were studied. It was shown that the long-term strength of freshly-quenched Fe-Ni-C alloy is affected by thermomechanical treatment. Comparative data were obtained on the fatigue strength of three steels with different carbon contents after thermal and thermomechanical treatments.