共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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特征声线搜索以及传播时间测定的精确性是基于声传播时间的声速剖面反演的关键。在具有倾斜海底的三维海域,声线在海底的反射会导致水平偏转,给特征声线搜索和声传播时间计算带来了困难。为此,首先提出了一种三维空间特征声线搜索方法。通过对南海海洋环境反演实验数据的处理,分析了声线的水平偏转对声传播时间的影响,并用爆炸声传播时间作为代价函数,用量子粒子群算法作为优化算法进行了声速剖面反演。结果表明,海底坡度较大时,声线的水平偏转对声传播时间影响较大,考虑声线的水平偏转能有效地减小声传播时间计算的误差,进而使得声速剖面反演的精度得到显著提高。 相似文献
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海底参数反演是获取海底声学特性一种经济高效的办法。近年来,课题组提出用小掠射角下海底反射损失随掠射角的变化率FdB(dB·rad-1)作为描述海底的单参数,建立了浅海均匀水层和负跃层水文条件下的海底单参数模型。负跃层单参数模型的建立,为海底单参数反演提供了新的设计思路。文章基于浅海负跃层海底单参数模型,设计海底单参数地声反演方法。首先对负跃层水文条件下浅海海底单参数模型进行简单的描述和介绍;然后在浅海负跃层单参数模型基础上,利用声传播损失对海底单参数进行反演;最后利用实验数据对反演方法的有效性进行了验证。 相似文献
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海底地声参数作为海洋声信道的重要组成部分,很大程度上决定了海洋声传播特性。地声参数可以通过反演算法获得,与距离相关的地声反演问题近年来是研究的热点。粒子滤波是一种高效的序贯寻优算法,可以在海底声学特性随距离缓慢变化情形下,有效解决地声参数的估计问题。但当海底声学特性随距离变化剧烈,如沉积层分层情况发生改变时,传统的粒子滤波则可能失效。为解决此问题,有文献使用了带桥接重采样的粒子滤波反演地声参数。文章在此基础上进一步改进了粒子的采样方式,并将此方法应用到基于海底反射系数的反演中。通过仿真数据处理结果证明,文中提出的改进粒子滤波在地声参数随距离变化剧烈的情况下仍具有较好性能,可以准确地估计海底特性随距离的变化规律和海底沉积层的声学参数。 相似文献
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海底的声速、密度、衰减系数等地声参数,在声场预报、目标定位中十分重要。因地声参数原位测量和海底采样在深海中实施困难,需要寻找新的方法来获取地声参数。在深海声影区环境下,直达波会随着距离的增加而逐渐消失,一次反射波及多次反射波是对深海声影区声场起重要作用的多途信号。文章首先对声影区多途达到结构进行分析,利用多次比较法得到随掠射角变化的反射损失,并对海底地声参数进行反演,然后将反演的地声参数代入声场模型得到海底反射损失,将其与实验测量结果进行比较,结果吻合较好。并通过对反演过程的散点图和后验概率进行分析,证明了反演结果的可靠性。该方法可用于深海声影区的海底地声参数的反演。 相似文献
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基于矢量水听器能够比传统的声压水听器提供更多的声场信息,文章提供了一种利用矢量水听器阵列(AVS)进行浅海地声参数反演的方法。首先,对声场矢量的传播规律进行了研究;其次,利用矢量匹配场(MFP)方法进行了海底声速的反演:最后利用声压和质点垂直振速的传播损失差反演了海底吸收。基于矢量水听器的海底参数反演方法主要具有下述优点:一是利用矢量匹配场反演海底声速能够有效减小参数估计误差:二是利用声场矢量传播损失差进行海底吸收反演能够排除信号源级起伏对反演的干扰。实验结果表明,基于矢量水听器阵列的海底参数反演能够很好的进行声场传播预报工作。 相似文献
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1引言
浅海环境中,海底底质的声学特性对浅海声场有决定性影响,进一步影响着海洋声遥感及声纳的作用距离.由于海底参数很难大面积直接测量,而利用声学反演的方法可以大范围的估计海底参数,有海底取样测量无法比拟的优点.近年来,有关海底参数的声学反演方法的探索和研究已成为国内外水声学家研究的热点问题.有多种反演方法相应被提出并应用于某些特定海区,如:匹配场反演、近场脉冲声反演、传播损失反演、简正波过滤技术反演及声场垂直相关性反演等等.但是,基于水平纵向相关来反演海底参数的方法还未见有报道.分析其中的原因,可能是由于在通常海域声场的纵向相关半径远大于实验中用到的水平阵长度.考虑到声场声信息国家重点实验室在2002年8月的一次浅海实验中的海深只有4.5m,而布放于海底的光纤水听器阵列长达100m,水平阵阵长大于20倍的海深.我们在研究其水平相关性时发现:不同频率下的水平纵向相关随水平间距变化呈现出特定的振荡现象,这种振荡现象与海底的声学特性密切相关.基于以上考虑,本文试图通过声场的水平纵向相关性来反演海底参数并给出了初步的研究结果.结果表明该方法有一定的可行性. 相似文献
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为了研究杂质吸收对一维掺杂声子晶体缺陷模的影响,引入复波数,推导出一维掺杂声子晶体的转移矩阵,计算了一维掺杂声子晶体的透射系数和反射系数随衰减系数的变化特征.得出杂质的衰减系数对一维掺杂声子晶体透射波中和反射波中的缺陷模都有显著的影响.在透射波中,随着衰减系数的增加缺陷模峰高迅速降低,κ在0~0.002k范围内缺陷模比较明显.当衰减系数增加到0.005k时,缺陷模几乎消失.反射波中的缺陷模随着衰减系数的变化也有相同的特征. 相似文献
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Erik H. Clayton Guy M. Genin Philip V. Bayly 《Journal of the Royal Society Interface》2012,9(76):2899-2910
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are caused by acceleration of the skull or exposure to explosive blast, but the processes by which mechanical loads lead to neurological injury remain poorly understood. We adapted motion-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging methods to measure the motion of the human brain in vivo as the skull was exposed to harmonic pressure excitation (45, 60 and 80 Hz). We analysed displacement fields to quantify the transmission, attenuation and reflection of distortional (shear) waves as well as viscoelastic material properties. Results suggest that internal membranes, such as the falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli, play a key role in reflecting and focusing shear waves within the brain. The skull acts as a low-pass filter over the range of frequencies studied. Transmissibility of pressure waves through the skull decreases and shear wave attenuation increases with increasing frequency. The skull and brain function mechanically as an integral structure that insulates internal anatomic features; these results are valuable for building and validating mathematical models of this complex and important structural system. 相似文献
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为评估气泡帷幕产生的气水混合层对冲击波能量的衰减效应,设计了乳化炸药水下延期爆破试验,研究气泡帷幕对水下爆破冲击波的影响。以冲击波斜入射条件下波阻抗差异性为研究对象,设计多层差异性气泡帷幕。以距爆心12 m处帷幕前、后测点处的冲击波衰减率为评价指标,测得多排孔气泡帷幕前测点处的冲击波压力峰值为1.518 MPa和1.493 MPa,帷幕后测点处的冲击波压力峰值为0.026 MPa和0.034 MPa,冲击波综合衰减率为97.72%98.29%。与陆上岩石爆破冲击波传播规律相比,水下爆破冲击波作用时间短,波阵传播速度快,冲击波压力更大,且传递过程中能量损耗少,传递效率高,同等爆破当量的条件下水下爆破对结构的损害更大。采用多层差异性气泡帷幕对水下爆破施工进行防护,可以在完成水下炸礁爆破施工任务的同时,不破坏水下生态环境。 相似文献
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《Cold Regions Science and Technology》2010,62(2-3):90-96
A laboratory experiment was carried out in two wave tanks in a cold room. This experiment was designed to better understand the dispersion relation and amplitude attenuation for surface waves propagating through ice covers consisting of a grease and pancake ice mixture. Each test started from a calm condition to avoid reflection effects. The portion of the wave signals before the arrival of reflections was used to measure the wave number and the attenuation rate. The comparison between experimental results and the two-layer viscous model (Keller, 1998) indicates that modeling a grease–pancake ice cover as a viscous fluid is not sufficient to describe the observed dispersion relation and amplitude attenuation. Extended models including other mechanisms may be necessary to better describe wave–ice interactions for a grease–pancake mixture. 相似文献
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Melting and crystallization scenario of amorphous silicon (a-Si) thin films have been investigated using in situ time-resolved optical reflection and transmission measurements. The explosive crystallization phenomenon is observed using a single-mode continuous wave He-Ne probe laser for thickness of 50 nm and 90 nm a-Si thin films upon 25 ns pulse duration of XeF excimer laser irradiation, respectively. The explosive crystallization phenomenon is easier to observe in the large thickness of a-Si thin films, a sample with pure a-Si microstructure and under longer pulse duration of excimer laser irradiation by time-resolved optical reflection and transmission measurements. 相似文献
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For the characterization of the unknown material properties of a layered cylindrical structure, axially symmetric wave signals transmitted and reflected by the structure have been used. Since only a single wave mode propagates in the structure, the measurement and analysis of the transmitted and reflected signals can be simplified significantly. The evaluation of the material properties of the layers can be achieved with great accuracy. In this paper, we first derive the transmission and reflection coefficients for the layered cylindrical structure sonified axisymmetrically by an incident cylindrical wave. We then relate the spectra of the transmitted and reflected wave signals to the transmission and reflection coefficients as ratio functions. The time-domain signals transmitted and reflected by the structure can then be reconstructed from a routine application of the Fourier integrals. A three-layered aluminum/epoxy/aluminum tube is used to illustrate the application of the expressions for both the forward and inverse problems. The results show that the technique developed in this study can be used very effectively for the characterization of layered cylindrical structures. 相似文献