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1.
新的Otsu阈值改进方法的红外小目标检测   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5  
针对红外小目标区域灰度对比度很差的现象,以及红外小目标实时性检测的要求,在对Otsu阈值方法进行研究的基础上,结合红外小目标图像的自身特点,提出了一种新的Otsu阈值改进的红外小目标检测方法。该方法不仅继承了Otsu阈值方法比较简单,计算速度较快的优点,更重要的是很好地解决了照度不均匀的图像分割时候多个红外小目标粘连的问题,使红外小目标能够被清晰地检测出来。实验结果表明,新的Otsu阈值改进方法检测出红外小目标的准确率比Otsu阈值检测方法提高了20%。  相似文献   

2.
近年来,基于稀疏表示的分类技术在模式识别中取得一定的成功。该框架中,字典的学习和分类器的训练通常是两个独立的模块,降低了方法的识别精度。针对以上问题,提出了一种特征提取和模式识别相融合的改进判别字典学习模型,将重构误差项、稀疏编码判别项及分类误差项进行了整合,并用K奇异值分解算法对目标函数进行优化,实现了字典和分类器的同步学习。该方法先对原始信号进行经验模态分解,并从分解的本征模态函数中提取时、频特征,形成故障样本;然后将训练样本输入改进模型用K奇异值分解优化;最后用习得字典及分类器权重对测试样本进行识别。实验结果表明:该算法不但适用于小样本故障问题,而且鲁棒性和分类性能都明显高于其它算法。  相似文献   

3.
稀疏重建的兰姆波结构损伤定位   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
许成  张海燕 《声学技术》2016,35(6):537-541
研究了基于稀疏重建算法的兰姆(Lamb)波损伤成像方法。利用损伤的稀疏性,对测量信号在字典中寻求其稀疏表示,通过稀疏重建方法得到定位缺陷的图像。由兰姆波信号传播模型理论,计算检测区域所有可能出现缺陷位置对应传感器接收到的散射信号波形,以此组成过完备字典;并通过梯度投影算法从字典中搜寻匹配的原子,匹配原子在字典中的位置对应于缺陷在检测区域中的位置。仿真实验采用多模态兰姆波进行损伤定位,结果表明稀疏重建方法在低噪声情况下可以实现对单个、两个缺陷的定位,和延迟求和成像方法对比,稀疏成像具有更少的噪声干扰及伪像。  相似文献   

4.
稀疏表示法在单幅图像超分辨率重建问题中受到广泛的关注.本文介绍了一种使用稀疏表示进行超分辨率图像重建的方案.该方案首先由低分辨率的输入图像块求取稀疏表示系数,然后根据此系数生成对应的高分辨率图像块,最后由高分辨率块重建出整幅图像.在求取稀疏表示系数时,本文采用了一种借助预处理共轭梯度算法计算搜索方向的内点方法.仿真结果...  相似文献   

5.
胡谋法  沈燕  陈曾平 《光电工程》2007,34(2):11-14,21
复杂背景下的弱小目标检测是空间监视和远程预警中的关键技术之一.针对这一难点问题,提出了一种新的基于自适应序贯岭回归背景抑制算法的目标检测算法.首先,利用岭回归估计原理,建立了自适应序贯岭回归估计算法.然后,利用图像背景空间域的相关性建立了基于序贯岭回归的图像背景抑制算法,并采用双向扫描更新方式加快算法收敛速度.该抑制算法能根据像素邻域灰度自适应调整加权参数.最后,在该抑制算法基础上,结合阈值化技术形成了一种新的弱小目标检测方法.实验证明,该算法能增强目标信噪比和对比度,有效检测到信噪比大于2的弱小目标.  相似文献   

6.
基于形态学梯度的红外目标检测   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对于红外跟踪系统中的低空非合作运动目标检测问题,由于距离未知,目标可能表现为小目标或者面目标,另外,红外图像中可能包含大量的地物背景.针对以上问题,本文提出了一种基于形态学梯度的目标检测算法.此方法首先计算红外图像的形态学梯度,进而根据各种地物背景的形态学梯度特征提取天空区域,然后在此区域内进行目标检测,最后进行目标边缘片段的合并.该方法基于形态学梯度对于灰度变化的敏感性,使用形态学梯度来表征红外目标边缘强度,通过检测目标边缘来达到检测目标的目的.实验证明,本文方法能够有效的检测目标,虚警较少,且对小目标和面目标具有一定通用性.  相似文献   

7.
基于SIFT和加权信息熵的红外小目标检测   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
针对红外图像中弱小目标的检测需求,文中提出基于尺度不变特征变换Scale Invariant Feature Transform(SIFT)和加权信息熵的红外小目标检测算法.该方法根据红外小目标的成像特点,采用SIFT特征描述子进行关键点的提取,利用帧间的匹配初步获得了目标的可能位置;进一步使用红外图像加权信息熵得到图像在灰度信息和平均信息量意义下的特征;再针对复杂云背景成像弱小目标实时检测的需要对计算出的特征进行再一次判定进而检测出目标.实验结果表明该方法在天空云背景中处理效果较好,具有良好鲁棒性.  相似文献   

8.
金球星  邹青  李玉龙 《计测技术》2010,30(4):1-2,15
小样本试验数据的概率分布特征难以确定,使用传统的粗大误差判别方法存在较大风险。为了有效判别小样本试验数据中的粗大误差,本文探讨了基于试验数据之间的距离关系和拓扑结构的灰色距离测度的概念、数学意义、性质,在此基础上提出粗大误差判别方法。最后取一组小样本数据进行计算,实例结果表明所提出的方法合理有效。  相似文献   

9.
为了改善人工判读飞参数据效率低且易出现误判和漏判的不良状况,本文提出一种基于稀疏自动编码器(Sparse auto-encoder,SAE)的飞参数据异常检测方法。首先构建了SAE的基本框架,然后以滑动窗口的形式生成训练样本。其次,用正常样本并结合BP算法对整个网络模型进行训练和优化以得到相应的正常样本重构误差分布阈值。最后,根据测试样本的重构误差对飞参数据中的典型异常进行检测。实验证明,该方法可在样本不平衡的情况下,仅利用正常样本构建参数空间,并得到正常样本重构误差分布门限,准确检测出飞参数据中的异常,实现飞参数据机器判读。  相似文献   

10.
基于核映射稀疏表示分类的轴承故障诊断   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
朱启兵  杨宝  黄敏 《振动与冲击》2013,32(11):30-34
针对传统稀疏表示分类算法在低维空间分类精度难以保证问题,论文提出了基于核映射的稀疏表示分类算法。采用核映射方法获得了低维样本在高维空间的坐标,改善了样本间的线性可分度;在此基础上,利用稀疏表示分类算法获得样本在高维空间上的稀疏解。经滚动轴承故障分类实验验证:新算法对核参数具有较高的鲁棒性;可明显提高分类精度。  相似文献   

11.
In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.  相似文献   

12.
13.
A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.  相似文献   

14.
On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……  相似文献   

15.
In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M2(B,C), (W,Mo)2(B,C), M3(B,C), M23(B,C)6 type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm2. The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K1 mill housing of bar mill.  相似文献   

16.
Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……  相似文献   

17.
A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.  相似文献   

18.
The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...  相似文献   

19.
Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.  相似文献   

20.
We associate a variety of innovations with the term "Industry 4.0". The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...  相似文献   

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