电子汽车衡的选择、安装、防护和使用

随着衡器市场的竞争越来越激烈,使用的范围也越来越广,电子汽车衡的种类也变得更加多样化,不断推陈出新。在电子汽车衡的选择、安装、防护(防雷、防作弊)及使用过程中有许多方面需要注意,如果在选择、安装、防护做的不到位,在使用过程中不注意维护保养,将会导致电子汽车衡在使用中出现很多问题。     

第三方检测实验室检测方法的选择和确认

第三方检测实验室是指为社会出具公证数据的检验机构,其检测方法的选择和确认是检测工作重要的环节,应引起高度重视。     

一种简便有效的系统优化方法——启发式方法

提高冗余系统可靠度的方法很多。本文介绍一种简便适用的新方法—启法式方法。     

聚合物熔体界面张力测定方法的研究进展

在聚合物共混体系中,界面张力对聚合物相容性有着重要影响,决定着相与相之间的粘接性,成为控制其最终相态结构的一个重要因素,是研究多相聚合物相态结构的基础。文中综述了聚合物熔体界面张力的测定方法,这些测定方法主要有热力学方法、流变学方法以及动力学方法三大类;介绍了每种方法的基本原理,并对其优缺点及适用范围进行了简单说明。其中,动力学方法是使用最多、相对准确的,对该方法进行了重点介绍,并且讨论了动力学方法中熔体粘弹性对界面张力测定的影响。     

高职数学中常用的求解不定积分的方法

不定积分的计算是微积分中的重要内容，正确应用不定积分的方法取决于对被积函数的分析，还需要通过多做习题来积累经验，总结几种常用的不定积分的求法，以帮助高职学生提高运算能力和分析问题的能力。     

抽油机井下常见故障判断与处理

抽油机是油田中的最常见、也是最重要的采油设备,其能否正常运转,直接关系到油田的原油生产。作为一名采油站技术人员,对抽油机井井下故障进行准确的判断,对维护及处理故障的具有重要的意义。本文通过结合油田生产实际,分析了目前抽油机井常见井下故障判断方法及处理方法,并提出了井下故障后作业现场跟踪鉴定方法。     

检测工作中非标准方法的控制

在检测过程中,往往会遇到客户委托的检验没有标准检测方法而使用非标准试验方法的情况,特别是随着技术的发展,新的方法不断出现,特别是食品安全方面及突发事件中,缺少标准方法,需要使用非标准方法,本文就非标准方法的控制谈一谈看法。     

检测工作中非标准方法的控制

在检测过程中,往往会遇到客户委托的检验没有标准检测方法而使用非标准试验方法的情况,特别是随着技术的发展,新的方法不断出现,特别是食品安全方面及突发事件中,缺少标准方法,需要使用非标准方法,本文就非标准方法的控制谈一谈看法.     

探析煤矿地质勘探技术方法

煤矿地质勘探中，通常以钻探工程和坑探工程为主，辅以地球物理勘探和地球化学勘查。本文作者主要重点阐述如何综合运用多种方法进行煤矿地质勘探。     

深基坑开挖技术的分析

对深基坑开挖施工方法的研究,可以说方法很多,深浅不一。但都要做好深基坑开挖的前期准备、施工方法和特殊问题的处理等方面的工作。只有这样才能确保施工安全,提高工程质量,缩短施工时间,减少成本投入,实现经济营利。     

Temperature-dependent photoconductance of heavily doped ZnO nanowires

Ga-doped ZnO nanowires have been synthesized by a pulsed laser chemical vapor deposition method. The crystal structure and photoluminescence spectra indicate that the dopant atoms are well integrated into the ZnO wurtzite lattice. The photocurrent properties at different temperatures have been systematically investigated for nanowires configured as a three-terminal device. Among the experimental highlights, a pronounced semiconductor-to-metal transition occurs upon UV band-to-band excitation. This is a consequence of the reduction in electron mobility arising from the drastically enhanced Coulomb interactions and surface scattering. Another feature is the reproducible presence of two resistance valleys at 220 and 320 K upon light irradiation. This phenomenon originates from the trapping and detrapping processes in the impurity band arising from the native defects as well as the extrinsic Ga dopants. This work demonstrates that due to the dimensional confinement in quasi-one-dimensional structures, enhanced Coulomb interaction, surface scattering, and impurity states can significantly influence charge transport.      

Optical properties of SiO2 and ZnO nanostructured replicas of butterfly wing scales

SiO₂ and ZnO inverse structure replicas have been synthesized using butterfly wings as templates. The laser diffraction performance of the SiO₂ inverse structure replica was investigated and it was found that the zero-order light spot split into a matrix pattern when the distance between the screen and the sample was increased. This unique diffraction phenomenon is closely related to the structure of the SiO₂ inverse structure replica. On the other hand, by analyzing the photoluminescence spectrum of the ZnO replica, optical anisotropy in the ultraviolet band was demonstrated for this material.      

Reshaping the tips of ZnO nanowires by pulsed laser irradiation

Vertically aligned ZnO nanowires have been synthesized by a hydrothermal method. After being irradiated by a short laser pulse, the tips of the as-synthesized ZnO nanowires can be tailored into a spherical shape. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the spherical tip is a single-crystalline piece connected to the body of the ZnO nanowire, and that the center of the sphere is hollow. The growth mechanism of the hollow ZnO nanospheres is proposed to involve laser-induced ZnO evaporation immediately followed by re-nucleation in a temperature gradient environment. The laser-irradiated ZnO nanowire array shows hydrophobic properties while the original ZnO nanowire array shows hydrophilicity. The as-grown ZnO nanowire arrays with hollow spherical tips can serve as templates to grow ZnO nanowire arrays with very fine tips, which may be a good candidate material for use in field emission and scanning probe microscopy.      

Strain-induced semiconductor to metal transition in the two-dimensional honeycomb structure of MoS2

The electronic properties of two-dimensional honeycomb structures of molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) subjected to biaxial strain have been investigated using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. On applying compressive or tensile bi-axial strain on bi-layer and mono-layer MoS₂, the electronic properties are predicted to change from semiconducting to metallic. These changes present very interesting possibilities for engineering the electronic properties of two-dimensional structures of MoS₂.      

Monodisperse upconversion NaYF4 nanocrystals: Syntheses and bioapplications

A facile strategy using cheap and readily available precursors has been successfully developed for the synthesis of rare-earth doped hexagonal phase NaYF₄ nanocrystals with uniform shape and small particle size as well as strong photoluminescence. Due to their optical properties and good biocompatibility, these multicolor nanocrystals were successfully used as a bio-tag for cancer cell imaging. This novel synthetic method should also be capable of extension to the synthesis of other fluoride nanocrystals such as YF₃ and LaF₃.      

Convective assembly of linear gold nanoparticle arrays at the micron scale for surface enhanced Raman scattering

A convective assembly technique at the micron scale analogous to the writing action of a “pipette pen” has been developed for the linear assembly of gold nanoparticle strips with micron scale width and millimeter scale length for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The arrays with interparticle gaps smaller than 3 nm are hexagonally stacked in the vicinity of the pipette tip. Variable numbers of stacked layers and clean surfaces of the assembled nanoparticles are obtained by optimizing the velocity of the pipette tip. The SERS properties of the assembled nanoparticle arrays rely on their stacking number and surface cleanliness.      

Controlled synthesis and multifunctional properties of FePt-Au heterostructures

In this work, FePt-Au heterostructured nanocrystals (HNCs) such as tadpole-, dumbbell-, bead-, and necklace-like nanostructures were synthesized by a facile heteroepitaxial growth of Au NCs onto FePt nanorods (NRs). A study of the growth mechanism revealed that the morphology control of the final products can be correlated with the adsorption sites of hydrogen onto the FePt NRs, which can be manipulated by the amount of the forming gas (Ar/7% H₂) added. Not only the optical characteristic and magnetic properties of the intrinsic materials were retained in the products, but also the FePt-Au HNCs showed the tunable multifunctional properties resulted from the interactions between Au and FePt. Moreover, for methanol oxidation, the FePt-Au HNCs exhibited enhanced catalytic activity and CO tolerance on the catalyst surface compared to commercial Pt catalysts. It is worth noting that as multifunctional units, the FePt-Au HNCs also possess a heterogeneous surface, which could potentially enable their site-specific functionalization for targeting or imaging purposes in biomedical applications. More interestingly, the catalytic properties of the FePt-Au HNCs also endow this material with application potentials in nanocatalysis.      

Is graphene aromatic?

We analyze the chemical bonding in graphene using a fragmental approach, the adaptive natural density partitioning method, electron sharing indices, and nucleus-independent chemical shift indices. We prove that graphene is aromatic, but its aromaticity is different from the aromaticity in benzene, coronene, or circumcoronene. Aromaticity in graphene is local with two π-electrons delocalized over every hexagon ring. We believe that the chemical bonding picture developed for graphene will be helpful for understanding chemical bonding in defects such as point defects, single-, double-, and multiple vacancies, carbon adatoms, foreign adatoms, substitutional impurities, and new materials that are derivatives of graphene.      

Ultra-thin double-walled carbon nanotubes: A novel nanocontainer for preparing atomic wires

Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) with high graphitization have been synthesized by hydrogen arc discharge. The obtained DWCNTs have a narrow distribution of diameters of both the inner and outer tubes, and more than half of the DWCNTs have inner diameters in the range 0.6–1.0 nm. Field electron emission from a DWCNT cathode to an anode has been measured, and the emission current density of DWCNTs reached 1 A/cm² at an applied field of about 4.3 V/μm. After high-temperature treatment of DWCNTs, long linear carbon chains (C-chains) can be grown inside the ultra-thin DWCNTs to form a novel C-chain@DWCNT nanostructure, showing that these ultra-thin DWCNTs are an appropriate nanocontainer for preparing truly one-dimensional nanostructures with one-atom-diameter.      

Ultralong aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes on flexible fluorphlogopite mica for strain sensors

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are expected to be an ideal candidate for making highly efficient strain sensing devices owing to their unique mechanical, electronic, and electromechanical properties. Here we present the use of fluorphlogopite mica (F-mica) as a flexible, high-temperature-bearing and mechanically robust substrate for the direct growth of horizontally aligned ultra-long SWNT arrays by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), which in turn enables the straightforward, facile, and cost-effective fabrication of macro-scale SWNT-array-based strain sensors. Strain sensing tests of the SWNT-array devices demonstrated fairly good strain sensitivity with high ON-state current density.