2D非调和分析耦合扩散张量的图像修复算法

目的针对当前图像修复算法在面对复杂纹理的高频成分时,修复区域残留一定的块效应与纹理不连续性,产生较大失真等难题,提出了2D非调和分析机制耦合扩散张量的图像修复算法。方法引入傅里叶变换机制,联合最速下降法与牛顿法,设计2D非调和分析机制;提取损坏区域初始轮廓,嵌入扩散张量,增强了损坏区域周围的像素信息表达能力,构建新的优先级计算模型,确定出优先级最大的先验块及其填充顺序;基于2D非调和分析,嵌入权重因子,定义成本函数,提取该先验块的精确频谱,通过重构2D波形,合成新纹理,并将该纹理传播至损坏区域,完成修复。结果该算法与当前性能较好的图像修复技术相比,在大面积高频分量损坏图像复原中,具有更高的修复质量与结构相似度,很好地避免了目标区域的不连续纹理与块效应。结论该算法能够较好地修复大面积高频损坏区域的图像。     

基于匹配调节法则和梯度约束模型的图像修复算法

目的针对当前较多图像修复算法难以根据不同纹理结构来自适应调整修复块的尺寸,导致修复结果中存在不连续效应和模糊效应等不足,提出一种结合匹配调节法则和梯度约束模型的图像修复算法。方法首先,利用平滑因子对置信度项进行约束,构造优先级判定模型,对待修复块的优先级进行度量,确定优先修复块。随后,通过SSD模型度量样本块之间的匹配结果,并根据匹配结果制定匹配调节法则,使得样本块能根据匹配度自适应调节其大小,以提高修复质量。最后,将梯度模值块中像素点的均方距离度量结果与样本块中像素点相结合,构造梯度约束模型,用以获取最佳匹配块对待修复块进行填充修复。结果实验结果表明,与当前图像修复算法相比,该算法修复的图像具有更好的修复质量,在像素丢失率较高的情况下,仍然具有较高的相似度值。结论所提算法具备较好的修复视觉质量,可用于被大面积损坏图像的修复。     

基于人眼视觉特性的邻域自适应模糊增强算法

针对灰度适中时人眼分辨力较强的视觉特性,利用Prewitt算子求得梯度图像,并在隶属函数的定义中引入像素的邻域均值分量,对梯度图像进行模糊域的自适应增强。实验证明该算法克服了传统模糊增强算法会对噪声点进行增强的缺点,在增强图像细节的同时有效地抑制了图像的噪声。     

基于相似稀疏度与局部差异特征的图像修复算法

目的为了解决当前图像修复算法在破损面积较大时,其复原图像易丢失局部细节信息而导致修复图像存在振铃效应以及不连贯效应的不足,提出一种基于相似稀疏度耦合局部差异特征的图像修复算法。方法首先,利用待修复块及其相邻块内像素的均方距离来构造相似稀疏度模型,以形成优先权度量函数,根据其计算的优先级来确定优先修复块。然后,通过样本块对应的梯度向量模值来构造局部差异因子,计算样本块的局部差异,并以计算结果为依据对样本块的尺寸进行调整。最后,以像素点的颜色差值信息为依据,构造近似函数,选取最优匹配块对待修复块进行复原。结果仿真实验结果显示,与当前图像修复算法相比,该算法具有更高的修复质量和效率,其复原图像不存在振铃效应和不连续效应等。结论所提算法具有较高的修复视觉质量,能用于大面积损坏图像的复原。     

基于平滑度测量与互相关制约的图像修复算法

目的为了解决当前较多图像修复算法在对损坏区域实施填充修复时没有考虑图像块之间的相关性,导致修复图像中存在振铃以及连接间断等不足,拟设计平滑度测量因子耦合互相关制约的图像修复算法。方法将图像的Laplace算子引入到优先权的计算过程中,以增加图像的边缘信息,优化数据项的成分,并利用置信度、图像的Laplace算子和数据项构造优先权计算模型,以获取优先修复块。利用等照度线的二阶导数,构造平滑度测量因子获取图像的平滑度,并以图像的平滑度为导向,对最优匹配块的搜索区域进行定位。通过误差平方和函数(SumofSquaredDifferences,SSD)在定位的搜索区域中搜寻最优匹配块,并采用互相关系数函数对最优匹配块的唯一性进行制约,以提高所获最优匹配块的准确性。结果实验结果显示,与当前修复技术相比,所提方法具有更高的连接完整性和清晰度。结论所提方案可对损坏图像完成较好的视觉复原,在图像信息处理领域具有一定的参考价值。     

一种结合CDD模型和Criminisi算法的图像修复算法

针对既含有大块缺失信息又含有划痕的图像,结合CDD模型和Criminisi算法的优点,提出一种新的修复算法.算法先采用可以强化细节的自适应直方图均衡化操作来扩大图像的动态范围,后利用形态学算子分离出待修复图像中的划痕区域与大块区域,接着用CDD模型对划痕进行修复,再用改进优先级的Criminisi算法进行后续修复,最后把修复后的图像对应于缺失区域的像素填补到待修复图像的区域中.实验结果表明,改进后的算法克服了现有算法可能存在的偏差延续问题,使图像修复的结果更加符合人们的视觉效果.     

基于机器视觉的零件特征尺寸提取算法

目的复杂型面零件功能特征多样,结构尺寸呈现空间分布,传统的手工检测方法无法满足检测工作要求,为提升检测效率,提出一种基于机器视觉的非接触式测量方法。方法使用CCD相机采集图像信息,对图像进行分析处理,获得圆的亚像素边缘轮廓,再通过最小二乘法进行圆拟合求得圆的参数方程,最后利用几何距离公式求得像素距离。通过系统标定求出像素当量,由像素当量最终求得圆与圆之间的实际距离。结果最小二乘拟合圆亚像素边缘检测算法稳定,抗噪性能较好,算法的分辨率为0.001个像素。结论该方法可正确、方便、有效地对零件进行尺寸测量。     

基于量子核聚类算法的图像边缘特征提取研究

为了提高图像边缘特征提取质量,采取了量子核聚类算法。首先把像素映射量子编码,在码元建立域内对像素块进行随机采样;然后通过聚类距离计算数据点和每一个聚类核心的距离,把数据向量分配到距离最小的核心向量中,核函数确定有效影响范围;最后对像素聚类相异性分析,给出了算法流程。实验仿真显示这种算法对图像边缘特征提取轮廓清晰,连贯性好,评价指标MS和聚类准确率较好,算法收敛快。     

基于引导因子与曲率惩罚模型的图像修复算法

目的 解决当前图像修复方法主要通过待修复像素点的法向量来确定修复过程,无法保证其修复顺序从破损区域的周边至中心进行,导致修复图像中存在块效应和不连续效应等问题。方法 将引导因子与曲率惩罚模型相结合,设计新的图像修复方法。利用破损区域的中心像素点与其他任意待修复像素点之间的距离来构造引导因子,并将其与置信度项以及数据项结合,形成优先权模型,用于选取优先修复块。利用待修复块的梯度特性对其平滑度进行判断,以明确该待修复块对应的最优匹配块的搜索范围,使其通过最小绝对差平方和（SSD）函数来搜索最优匹配块,从而将最优匹配块中像素点扩散填充至待修复块。最后,基于像素点间的等照度线曲率来建立曲率惩罚模型,以更新置信度项,从而实现图像的修复。结果 测试数据表明,与已有修复方案相比,所提算法可以更好地兼顾修复质量与效率。结论 所提方案具有较好的修复质量,可用于损坏面积较大图像的复原。     

基于目标轮廓的附着物定位与剔除方法

工业现场清洁过的微型工件表面仍会有少量灰尘、发屑等附着物存在,在微型工件的视觉检测系统中会因其改变提取的目标轮廓而影响检测结果.为此,以灰尘与工件存在较小差异的任意位置和形状的一类附着物为考察对象,以区域生长提取的目标轮廓为先验背景,研究附着物定位与剔除算法.首先,荻取沾染附着物的工件图像,采用基于区域的分割算法做处理,以建立工件轮廓的先验知识;其次,从曲率角度定位附着物轮廓角点,以此剔除附着物轮廓;最后,根据先验知识自动修复断开的外轮廓.实验结果显示,加入附着物去除与修复算法后测量精度没有降低,测量结果误差6 μm以内,图像边缘的定位准确度能够给予保证.表明所研究的附着物定位与剔除方法使检测系统在允许微小附着物存在并且不影响测量精度的情况下,实现了目标轮廓的正确判别,提高了视觉检测系统的可靠性.     

A novel image inpainting technique based on median diffusion

Image inpainting is the technique of filling-in the missing regions and removing unwanted objects from an image by diffusing the pixel information from the neighbourhood pixels. Image inpainting techniques are in use over a long time for various applications like removal of scratches, restoring damaged/missing portions or removal of objects from the images, etc. In this study, we present a simple, yet unexplored (digital) image inpainting technique using median filter, one of the most popular nonlinear (order statistics) filters. The median is maximum likelihood estimate of location for the Laplacian distribution. Hence, the proposed algorithm diffuses median value of pixels from the exterior area into the inner area to be inpainted. The median filter preserves the edge which is an important property needed to inpaint edges. This technique is stable. Experimental results show remarkable improvements and works for homogeneous as well as heterogeneous background. PSNR (quantitative assessment) is used to compare inpainting results.     

Wavelet Based Restoration of Images with Missing or Damaged Pixels

This paper addresses the problem of how to restore degraded images where the pixels have been partly lost during transmission or damaged by impulsive noise. A wide range of image restoration tasks is covered in the mathematical model considered in this paper – e.g. image deblurring, image inpainting and super-resolution imaging. Based on the assumption that natural images are likely to have a sparse representation in a wavelet tight frame domain, we propose a regularization-based approach to recover degraded images, by enforcing the analysis-based sparsity prior of images in a tight frame domain. The resulting minimization problem can be solved efficiently by the split Bregman method. Numerical experiments on various image restoration tasks – simultaneously image deblurring and inpainting, super-resolution imaging and image deblurring under impulsive noise – demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm. It proved robust to mis-detection errors of missing or damaged pixels, and compared favorably to existing algorithms.     

基于纹理特征与最优稀疏表示的图像修复算法

目的解决当前图像修复算法忽略了对修复块后续的优化处理,导致修复图像易出现不连贯效应以及块效应等的不足。方法提出基于纹理特征与稀疏表示的图像修复算法,首先利用像素点对应的数据项,构造了优先权模型。然后,利用像素点在R,G,B分量上对应的像素值来构造纹理特征度量模型,对待修复块中像素点对应的纹理特征进行度量,并根据度量结果,选择其对应样本集的大小。引入SSD型,从样本集中搜索与待修复块最相似的最优样本块,对待修复块进行填充。最后,利用最优样本块函数,构造最优稀疏表示模型,从而实现图像修复。结果仿真结果显示,与当前图像修复算法相比,所提图像修复算法具备更高的复原质量,能有效克服修复图像中出现的不连贯效应以及块效应。结论所提算法具有较高的修复视觉质量,在数字图像处理领域具有较好的应用价值。     

基于优先权和匹配度量的图像修复算法

目的 针对当前图像修复算法主要通过固定单一模板大小实现修复块与匹配块之间的匹配度量来完成图像复原,导致其存在一定的模糊效应以及振铃效应等不足,这里提出基于改进优先权和匹配优化度量的图像修复算法。方法 首先,利用数据项构造平滑因子,建立优先权模型,度量待修复像素点的优先权,选定优先修复块。然后,制定四级模板大小,利用误差平方和函数,结合模板大小特性,构造匹配度量模型,用于实现修复块和匹配块之间的动态匹配,选取最优匹配模板,对待修复块进行填充修复。最后,利用待修复像素点及其邻域像素点的灰度值构造邻域灰度差分模型,用于对修复区域的边缘进行缝合,优化修复效果。利用最优匹配度量结果,构造置信度更新模型,对置信度项进行更新,实现图像修复。结果 仿真实验结果显示,与当前图像修复算法相比,所提算法具有更高的修复质量,其输出图像无模糊效应与振铃效应。结论 所提算法能够较好地对损坏图像进行复原,在图像信息处理领域具有一定的参考价值。     

Fuzzy-rule-based image reconstruction for positron emission tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography have revolutionized the field of medicine and biology. Penalized iterative algorithms based on maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation eliminate noisy artifacts by utilizing available prior information in the reconstruction process but often result in a blurring effect. MAP-based algorithms fail to determine the density class in the reconstructed image and hence penalize the pixels irrespective of the density class. Reconstruction with better edge information is often difficult because prior knowledge is not taken into account. The recently introduced median-root-prior (MRP)-based algorithm preserves the edges, but a steplike streaking effect is observed in the reconstructed image, which is undesirable. A fuzzy approach is proposed for modeling the nature of interpixel interaction in order to build an artifact-free edge-preserving reconstruction. The proposed algorithm consists of two elementary steps: (1) edge detection, in which fuzzy-rule-based derivatives are used for the detection of edges in the nearest neighborhood window (which is equivalent to recognizing nearby density classes), and (2) fuzzy smoothing, in which penalization is performed only for those pixels for which no edge is detected in the nearest neighborhood. Both of these operations are carried out iteratively until the image converges. Analysis shows that the proposed fuzzy-rule-based reconstruction algorithm is capable of producing qualitatively better reconstructed images than those reconstructed by MAP and MR P algorithms. The reconstructed images a resharper, with small features being better resolved owing to the nature of the fuzzy potential function.     

The image inpainting algorithm based on pruning samples by referring to four-domains

In order to retrieve large scale damaged image with rich geometry structure and texture information, the novel image inpainting algorithm based on the neighbourhood reference priority can not only maintain image character but also improve image inpainting speed has been proposed in the paper. The problems of an image inpainting process can be translated into the best sample searching process. First, the extracting structure information of image and the dividing sample region into sub-regions server. Second, in order to adjust the neglect of structure of matching method named SSD, introducing structure symmetry matching constraint into matching method, it avoids matching mistakenly and improves sample matching precision and searching efficiency. Then, improving priority equations by bringing in structure weight and confidence, highlighted the effect of structure to inpainting sequence. Finally, computing priority of four-domains neighbour by computation overlapping information between object patch and sample patch, so that referring to secure information of four-domains neighbour, to prune sample dataset and search optimal sample. The experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm can overcome problems like texture blurring and structure dislocations and so on, the PSNR of the improved algorithm has been increased by 0.5–1?dB comparing other contrast methods while speeding up the image inpainting process, recovered image is much continuous for visuality. Meanwhile, it can recover efficiently common damage images and be more pervasive.     

基于模糊边缘检测的复杂晶界的重建

提出了一种基于模糊边缘检测提取复杂晶界的实用方法。首先通过预处理调整图像对比度、消除晶粒内部灰度差和划痕，进而消除伪边界；再引入模糊理论来判别和跟踪边界，模糊边缘检测算法的特点是不需要确定门限值，具有很强的自适应性；最后进行细化去枝、修补等得到单像素宽度的晶界。实验结果显示，该方法在有效抑制伪边界的同时提取出了比较理想的晶界，为晶粒度分析创造了良好的条件。