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1.
铁、铬离子掺杂对TiO2薄膜光催化活性的影响   总被引:30,自引:0,他引:30  
采用溶胶-凝胶法在釉面砖表面制备了均匀的TiO2薄膜,并研究了铁、铬离子掺杂对TiO2光催化性能影响。对罗丹明B的光降解实验表明,适量的铁、铬离子掺杂均可提高TiO2薄膜的光催化活性,铁离子的掺杂效果明显高于铬离子,而铬离子的掺杂方式影响TiO2薄膜的光催化活性,这主要基于它们不同的掺杂机理。  相似文献   

2.
铜离子掺杂对TiO2纳米颗粒膜结构和性能的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用溶胶-凝胶法在普通的载玻片上制备了锐钛矿型TiO2和过渡金属Cu离子掺杂TiO2薄膜.通过XRD,UV-VIS,XPS,AFM表征了合成的薄膜,表明铜离子掺入后,薄膜变得更加致密.铜离子以Cu2O的形式存在.在紫外光照射下,TiO2薄膜表现出明显的亲水性.对于掺铜的TiO2薄膜,随着铜掺杂量的增加,铜(I)对亲水性能的抑制作用亦增强.  相似文献   

3.
采用化学溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2溶胶,用浸渍-提拉方式在陶瓷表面制成锐钛矿相TiO2薄膜。用X射线衍射法(XRD)确定了晶型及晶粒的大小;用光电子能谱测定了其微观成分及其含量;考察了7种过渡金属离子掺杂后对甲基橙降解的光催化性能的影响及其变化规律,并对陶瓷和玻璃的光催化活性进行了比较。实验结果表明:掺杂Mn及Ni离子对于提高TiO2薄膜的光催化活性有明显的促进作用,降解30min后,降解率分别达到79.7%,80.8%。瓷片和玻璃的光催化活性要视掺杂的金属离子而定,不同的掺杂离子对瓷片和玻璃的光催化活性有不同的作用效果。  相似文献   

4.
陶瓷表面 TiO2薄膜的制备及光催化性能研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用化学溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2溶胶,用浸渍-提拉方式在陶瓷表面制成锐钛矿相TiO2薄膜。用X射线衍射法(XRD)确定了晶型及晶粒的大小;用光电子能谱测定了其微观成分及其含量;考察了7种过渡金属离子掺杂后对甲基橙降解的光催化性能的影响及其变化规律,并对陶瓷和玻璃的光催化活性进行了比较。实验结果表明:掺杂Mn及Ni离子对于提高TiO2薄膜的光催化活性有明显的促进作用,降解30min后,降解率分别达到79.7%,80.8%。瓷片和玻璃的光催化活性要视掺杂的金属离子而定,不同的掺杂离子对瓷片和玻璃的光催化活性有不同的作用效果。  相似文献   

5.
用直流磁控溅射方法在Si(100)面及载玻片上制备了Sb掺杂TiO2薄膜.利用XRD光谱研究了Sb对其薄膜结晶情况的影响,用AFM观察其表面形貌,利用分光光度计测量了TiO2薄膜的光学特性及其对亚甲基蓝的分解活性,通过测量和计算表面对水的接触角来衡量光致亲水性.研究结果表明纯TiO2薄膜为锐钛矿型,适量Sb的掺杂能使TiO2薄膜的结晶有显著改善,并出现Ti2O3和金红石相TiO2,薄膜的光催化活性和光致亲水性明显改善.随着掺杂量的增加,TiO2薄膜的吸收边逐渐红移.但Sb掺杂过量时,破坏了二氧化钛原有的晶格结构,光催化活性和光致亲水性也相应降低.  相似文献   

6.
用溶胶-凝胶法制备了表面镀有La—TiO2光催化薄膜的自洁净玻璃,并利用XRD,UV—Vis,SF等手段对La—TiO2光催化薄膜进行检测。结果表明:镧离子掺杂可以减少电子-空穴对的复合几率,提高量子效率,从而有助于光催化活性的增强。  相似文献   

7.
本文采用溶胶凝胶旋涂法在普通玻璃上制备了掺杂不同Fe3+浓度及不同Zn2+浓度的TiO2薄膜,并对薄膜进行了500℃退火处理。分析讨论不同Fe3+及Zn2+掺杂浓度下TiO2薄膜的光催化性能,得出了铁离子最佳掺杂浓度为0.5%,锌离子最佳掺杂浓度为5%。并利用XRD、SEM、UV-Vis对不同掺杂离子的薄膜进行了对比分析,结果表明:Fe2O3/TiO2和ZnO/TiO2薄膜在可见光范围内均具有很好的光透过性(>80%),ZnO/TiO2薄膜光催化性能略优于Fe2O3/TiO2薄膜,最佳状态下ZnO/TiO2薄膜的光降解率能达到Fe2O3/TiO2薄膜的两倍。  相似文献   

8.
La/TiO2-SiO2薄膜的光催化性能研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同掺杂量的La/TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜.通过XRD、FE-SEM和AFM研究了复合薄膜的微观结构,采用紫外光照射下亚甲基蓝的分解实验比较薄膜的光催化性能.结果表明:La掺杂可显著提高TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜的光催化活性,以5%掺杂量为最佳,其光降解率比掺杂前提高了约23%.薄膜活性提高的主要原因是La掺杂后细化了TiO2的晶粒,提高了薄膜的比表面积,使其具有更高的氧化还原电势,La^3+取代Ti^4+进入到TiO2晶格,引起晶格膨胀,这种不同价离子的取代导致TiO2粒子表面电荷分布不平衡,从而提高了光生电子-空穴的分离效率.  相似文献   

9.
玻璃基TiO_2-Fe_2O_3-CeO_2复合纳米薄膜的光催化性能研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
在溶胶-凝胶法制备的TiO2胶膜表面涂覆金属离子,通过焙烧制备TiO2-Fe2O3-CeO2复合纳米薄膜。以甲基橙为目标降解物,讨论过渡金属离子Fe3+和稀土金属离子Ce3+的掺杂对TiO2薄膜光催化活性的影响。采用SEM、XRD、EDS等表征手段对复合氧化物薄膜进行表征。结果表明:所制备的薄膜具有纳米结构;Fe3+、Ce3+单掺和Fe3+/Ce3+共掺均可提高TiO2薄膜的光催化性能,但相同条件下共掺离子的光催化活性更高。  相似文献   

10.
用浸渍-提拉法在高硅氧玻璃纤维网格布上制备了掺杂金属Nd的TiO2薄膜,通过甲基橙的光催化降解实验来评价了催化剂薄膜的光催化性能,并用XRD、SEM和UV-Vis漫反射等分析方法对其结构进行了表征。结果表明:未掺杂和Nd掺杂均能得到锐钛矿型TiO2薄膜;适量掺杂金属Nd能够细化TiO2薄膜晶粒,使TiO2薄膜的拉曼和紫外可见漫反射峰位红移,拓宽了TiO2薄膜的光响应范围;与纯TiO2薄膜相比,掺杂金属Nd能够明显增强TiO2薄膜的光催化活性,当金属Nd的掺杂量为3wt%时,薄膜对甲基橙的降解最好。  相似文献   

11.
A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.  相似文献   

12.
An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.  相似文献   

13.
An analysis of anisotropy of the properties of a Bi2Se0.3Te2.7 solid solution was carried out using construction of demonstrative surfaces for thermoelectric effectiveness and thermal expansion coefficients. It is shown that the texture is an important factor forming anisotropy of properties and technological fitness of ingots for manufacturing modules. Anisotropy of properties based on the studies of the ingot textures obtained using the float-zone method and Bridgman method (growing thermoelectric plates in a flat cavity) was studied.  相似文献   

14.
A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.  相似文献   

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16.
Australia has several uranium mines and a large number of mineral sand mines, with associated processing facilities. Exposures resulting from these mining and processing operations usually involve intakes of mixtures of radionuclides. This work describes the development of a suite of first order, linear compartment models, based on the ICRP Publication 66 respiratory tract model, and an analytical solution to the decay equations, for assessing the consequences of such intakes. The computer programs based on these models directly compute excretion, organ retention and organ and whole-body doses for intakes of either single radionuclides or any mixture of radionuclides belonging to the same radioactive decay chain. The intake can be via inhalation, ingestion or injection, and can be acute, chronic or of limited duration. The starting concentration and degree of secular (dis)equilibrium can be specified for each radionuclide. No assumptions need to be made about the relative magnitudes of the radioactive half-lives of the different nuclides.  相似文献   

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19.
可燃气体检测报警器测量结果的不确定度评定   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文详细介绍了可燃气体检测报警器示值误差测量结果的不确定度评定方法。  相似文献   

20.
水三相点是开尔文热力学温度的唯一基准点,也是ITS-90国际温标重要的定义固定点。因此,水三相点不确定度分析对整个温标的建立、温度量值传递起着至关重要的作用。近3年来,中国计量科学研究院研制出一系列高质量的水三相点容器,加强了水三相点的研究,为不确定度的分析提供了更为可靠的实验依据。同时,不确定度的分析也是客观评价新研制容器性能的一个重要指标。因此,根据实验结果对新研制容器所复现的水三相点进行了不确定度评定。评定结果表明,其扩展不确定度为0.16mK(k=2.69,P=0.99)。  相似文献   

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