基于独立成分分析的掌纹识别

本文研究了独立成分分析(ICA)两种不同的结构ICA I和ICAII在掌纹识别中的应用.为了提高识别准确性和可靠性,该方法首先对掌纹图像进行预处理,提取掌纹感兴趣(ROI)区域进行特征提取和匹配.为了减少计算量,运用ICA算法之前,先采用主成分分析(PCA)算法去除掌纹图像的二阶统计特征相关性,其余的高阶统计特征由ICA分离.对于PolyU掌纹图像库,基于ICA模型的预测误差平方和(SPE)小于PCA,而且重构的原始图像优于PCA.为了比较两种算法识别性能,本丈分别用PCA、ICA I、ICAII提取特征掌纹子空间,然后将待识别图像投影到低维子空间上,最后用余弦距离进行掌纹匹配.实验结果表明,ICA算法两种结构的识别率均高于PCA,ICAII在性能上优于ICA I.     

基于手背静脉虹膜和指纹融合身份识别算法

针对单模态生物特征识别的局限性,提出融合手背静脉、虹膜和指纹三种生物特征实现身份识别.首先分别对手背静脉图像、虹膜图像和指纹图像进行独立的图像预处理,特征提取和特征匹配,输出各自的匹配分数.分析匹配分数归一化对识别性能的影响,采用Tarh归一化方法对三种生物特征的匹配分数进行归一化处理,最后利用加权求和法则实现匹配分数的融合,利用最小距离分类器实现身份识别.实验结果表明,融合识别算法的等错率为0.009%,当错误接受率接近0时,对应的错误拒绝率仅为0.2%.     

基于独立成分分析的掌纹识别

本文研究了独立成分分析（ICA）两种不同的结构ICAⅠ和ICAⅡ在掌纹识别中的应用。为了提高识别准确性和可靠性,该方法首先对掌纹图像进行预处理,提取掌纹感兴趣（ROI）区域进行特征提取和匹配。为了减少计算量,运用ICA算法之前．先采用主成分分析（PCA）算法去除掌纹图像的二阶统计特征相关性,其余的高阶统计特征由ICA分离。对于PolyU掌纹图像库,基于ICA模型的预测误差平方和（SPE）小于PCA,而且重构的原始图像优于PCA。为了比较两种算法识别性能,本文分别用PCA、ICAⅠ、ICAⅡ提取特征掌纹子空间,然后将待识别图像投影到低维子空间上,最后用余弦距离进行掌纹匹配。实验结果表明,ICA算法两种结构的识别率均高于PCA,ICAⅡ在性能上优于ICAⅠ。     

分块Radon变换在低对比度掌纹特征提取中的应用

特征提取是低对比度掌纹识别的关键步骤.针对掌纹纹理特征明显的特点,本文提出了一种分块Radon变换的掌纹特征提取方法.该方法先对掌纹感兴趣区域进行一级小波分解去噪降维,接着对低频子图像进行分块以圈定局部主要纹理,最后把所有分块后的子图像进行70°～140°Radon变换,所获得的线积分组合在一起构成该图像的特征向量.运...     

一种提高人耳特征点识别度的目标区域提取方法

对人耳进行特征识别多采用SURF算法,但该算法应用时极易受到图像中非目标区域的干扰,进而影响人耳特征点的检测和匹配准确度.基于目标区域的人耳特征识别算法可以突出目标区,而尽可能地抑制背景区域的影响.针对此问题,提出一种复合图像分割算法—KRM法作为人耳识别的预处理方法,将图像中人耳所在目标区域提取出来.该KRM法分为3步:首先利用k-means聚类算法将图像初步分割为前景目标区域和背景两类;再通过区域生长算法对过度分割的区域进行合并;最后应用形态学腐蚀的方法进行滤波得到人耳所在的目标区域.将KRM目标区域提取和SURF方法联用(简称KRM-SURF算法)应用于50组人耳图像,进行人耳特征点的检测与匹配,实验结果表明,特征点识别度(RD)均值达到0.924,KRM法的使用能极大地提高基于SURF算法的人耳特征识别的准确性.     

改进的基于人眼结构特征的虹膜识别方法

本文提出了一种改进的基于人眼结构特征的虹膜识别方法,基本思想是:首先,通过图像预处理,确定虹膜的位置和大小,将环形虹膜图像展开成矩形并进行归一化与图像增强;其次,利用局部灰度极小值的方法寻找有效虹膜区域内的特征点,依据纹理长度和方向信息去掉伪特征点,得到虹膜二进制编码;最后根据匹配准则进行识别.大量实验表明,该方法识别率高,识别时间短.     

基于单样本学习的多特征人体姿态模型识别研究

随着人机交互、虚拟现实等相关领域的发展,人体姿态识别已经成为热门研究课题。由于人体属于非刚性模型,具有时变性的特点,导致识别的准确性和鲁棒性不理想。本文基于KinectV2体感摄像头采集的骨骼信息,结合人体角度和距离特征,提出了一种基于单样本学习的模型匹配方法。首先,通过对采集的骨骼信息进行特征提取,计算关节点向量夹角和关节点的位移并设定阈值,其次待测姿态与模板姿态进行匹配计算,满足阈值限定范围则识别成功。实验结果表明,该方法能够实时的检测和识别阈值限定范围内定义的人体姿态,提高了识别的准确性和鲁棒性。     

流形核与LPP相结合的毛杆折痕识别方法

针对毛杆折痕难以检测问题,将非线性流形的思想引入到折痕识别领域。提出运用流形核函数与局部保持投影相结合的方法进行毛杆特征提取。首先基于区域图像构造协方差矩阵作为图像特征,利用仿射不变度量作为样本点的距离测度。然后通过定义的黎曼核函数选择流形上的近邻点,使得近邻点的选择符合数据呈非线性流形的假设,并结合数据类别信息构造相应的核矩阵。最后利用局部保持投影算法对毛杆图像进行降维。实验结果表明,本文算法能够有效克服光照不均和残余绒毛等外部因素影响,具有较好的稳健性和较高的识别率。     

基于局部参数运动模型的人脸表情特征提取

提出了一种基于局部参数运动模型提取人脸表情运动参数的方法.对图像序列进行预处理,提取出能够体现表情的五官特征;用块匹配法跟踪了特征区域的关键点;基于特征点匹配结果和局部参数运动模型,建立特征区域的运动方程;通过非线性约束优化方法估计局部运动参数.实验结果表明,该方法可行有效.     

基于二阶矩显著性估算的局部不变特征提取

借鉴图像显著性区域的检测思想,提出一种基于局部二阶矩显著性估算的局部不变特征提取算法.利用二阶矩矩阵对尺度空间下局部图像的各向异性程度的估算作用,在图像尺度空间中对局部特征提取区域的信息显著性进行评估,并根据显著性进行局部不变特征的提取,提取出拥有较高显著性的局部不变特征,增加了匹配特征点对的数量和尺度跨度.真实图像实验证明,该算法在保持局部特征各种不变性的基础上有效地提高了特征提取和匹配算法的性能.     

Discrete finger and palmar feature extraction for personal authentication

A practical method for a noncontacting and real-time feature extraction for personal authentication is proposed. The finger geometry and feature extraction of the palmar flexion creases are integrated into a small number of discrete points based on the anatomical observation. For a video image of either palm, a palm placed freely facing toward a video camera is acquired. The fingers are brought together, and the palm is straightened out to eliminate any constraints. The discrete feature points for the fingers involve intersection points of the three finger (digital) flexion creases on the four finger skeletal lines. The feature points for the palm involve intersection points of the major palmar flexion creases and/or prominent creases of the palm on the extended finger skeletal lines. The orientations of the creases at the intersection points are also extracted features to be matched. The matching results are perfect for about 500 palm samples from 50 subjects so far. This discrete point processing, requiring no time-consumptive palmprint image analysis and requiring less than one second processing time, will contribute to a noncontacting, real-time and reliable feature extraction, easily combinable with other traits, for the personal authentication.     

Finger vein verification system based on sparse representation

Finger vein verification is a promising biometric pattern for personal identification in terms of security and convenience. The recognition performance of this technology heavily relies on the quality of finger vein images and on the recognition algorithm. To achieve efficient recognition performance, a special finger vein imaging device is developed, and a finger vein recognition method based on sparse representation is proposed. The motivation for the proposed method is that finger vein images exhibit a sparse property. In the proposed system, the regions of interest (ROIs) in the finger vein images are segmented and enhanced. Sparse representation and sparsity preserving projection on ROIs are performed to obtain the features. Finally, the features are measured for recognition. An equal error rate of 0.017% was achieved based on the finger vein image database, which contains images that were captured by using the near-IR imaging device that was developed in this study. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is faster and more robust than previous methods.     

An automatic approach for line detection and removal without smash-up characters

Abstract

In composite document image, handwritten and printed text is often found to be overlapped with printed lines. The problem becomes critical for obscure and broken lines at multiple positions. Consequently, line removal is unavoidable pre-processing stage in the development of robust object recognisers. Moreover, the restoration of the smash-up characters after removal of lines still persists to be a problem of interest. This paper presents a new approach to detect and remove unwanted printed line inherited in the text image at any position without character distortion to avoid restoration stage. The proposed technique is based on connected component analysis. Experiments are conducted using single line images that scanned and extracted manually from several documents and forms. It is demonstrated that our approach is equally suitable to deal with line removal in printed and handwritten text written in any language circumvent restoration stage. Promising results are reported in comparison with the other researchers in the state of the arts.     

Novel Approach for Automatic Region of Interest and Seed Point Detection in CT Images Based on Temporal and Spatial Data

Accurately finding the region of interest is a very vital step for segmenting organs in medical image processing. We propose a novel approach of automatically identifying region of interest in Computed Tomography Image (CT) images based on temporal and spatial data . Our method is a 3 stages approach, 1) We extract organ features from the CT images by adopting the Hounsfield filter. 2)We use these filtered features and introduce our novel approach of selecting observable feature candidates by calculating contours’ area and automatically detect a seed point. 3) We use a novel approach to track the growing region changes across the CT image sequence in detecting region of interest, given a seed point as our input. We used quantitative and qualitative analysis to measure the accuracy against the given ground truth and our results presented a better performance than other generic approaches for automatic region of interest detection of organs in abdominal CT images. With the results presented in this research work, our proposed novel sequence approach method has been proven to be superior in terms of accuracy, automation and robustness.     

Compatible abnormality detection technique for CT and MRI brain images

Abstract

An automated computerised tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain images are used to perform an efficient classification. The proposed technique consists of three stages, namely, pre-processing, feature extraction and classification. Initially, pre-processing is performed to remove the noise from the medical MRI images. Then, in the feature extraction stage, the features that are related with MRI and CT images are extracted and these extracted features which are given to the Feed Forward Back-propagation Neural Network (FFBNN) is exploited in order to classify the brain MRI and CT images into two types: normal and abnormal. The FFBNN is well trained by the extracted features and uses the unknown medical brain MRI images for classification in order to achieve better classification performance. The proposed method is validated by various MRI and CT scan images. A classification with an accomplishment of 96% and 70% has been obtained by the proposed FFBNN classifier. This achievement shows the effectiveness of the proposed brain image classification technique when compared with other recent research works.     

A Two-Stage Vehicle Type Recognition Method Combining the Most Effective Gabor Features

Vehicle type recognition (VTR) is an important research topic due to its significance in intelligent transportation systems. However, recognizing vehicle type on the real-world images is challenging due to the illumination change, partial occlusion under real traffic environment. These difficulties limit the performance of current stateof-art methods, which are typically based on single-stage classification without considering feature availability. To address such difficulties, this paper proposes a twostage vehicle type recognition method combining the most effective Gabor features. The first stage leverages edge features to classify vehicles by size into big or small via a similarity k-nearest neighbor classifier (SKNNC). Further the more specific vehicle type such as bus, truck, sedan or van is recognized by the second stage classification, which leverages the most effective Gabor features extracted by a set of Gabor wavelet kernels on the partitioned key patches via a kernel sparse representation-based classifier (KSRC). A verification and correction step based on minimum residual analysis is proposed to enhance the reliability of the VTR. To improve VTR efficiency, the most effective Gabor features are selected through gray relational analysis that leverages the correlation between Gabor feature image and the original image. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method not only improves the accuracy of VTR but also enhances the recognition robustness to illumination change and partial occlusion.     

利用肤色分割和对称变换实现鲁棒人脸特征定位

提出一种将肤色分割与灰度图像对称变换相结合的有效的人脸特征定位方法.为降低背景和人脸姿态的影响,在传统人脸肤色分割基础上,利用Blob分析及椭圆拟和方法判断并剔除无效区域,并将待选人脸区域初步校正为竖直;直接利用色度信息在待选人脸区域中分割并检测嘴唇;接着,采用灰度图像的对称变换检测双眼的待选位置;以嘴唇和待选双眼的位置为依据,提出了基于人脸几何模型知识的双眼匹配代价函数并利用组合优化方法检测真实双眼;最后,对人脸上其它器官的进行精确定位.实验结果表明,该方法对于头发遮挡、大倾斜角以及眼镜干扰具有较强的鲁棒性.     

Improved quadtree image segmentation approach to region information

Images are full of information and most often, little information is desired for subsequent processing. Hence, region of interest has key importance in image processing. Quadtree image segmentation has been widely used in many image processing applications to locate the region of interest for further processing. There are also variable block-size image coding techniques to effectively reduce the number of transmitted parts. This paper presents quadtree partition technique as a pre-processing step in image processing to determine what part should be more heterogeneous than the others. It also introduces an idea to solve the problem of squared images. Finally, proposed approach is implemented and analysed. The simulation of the Matlab code of the quadtree is represented by all algorithms and the figures. Thus, achieved results are promising in the state of the art.     

Multivariate analysis-based image enhancement model for machine vision inspection

Image enhancement is an essential procedure in machine vision-based inspection. In practical applications, image enhancement is usually a part of image pre-processing, intended to make the following inspection more effective. The image enhancement method is usually selected by trial-and-error or on the basis of experience. This paper presents an automatic procedure for fast and effective image enhancement. The procedure uses multivariate analysis to automatically construct an optimal image enhancement model. First, an optimally enhanced image was selected from the literature as a basis for the model. Then, the image features were identified and Wilks’ statistic was used for feature selection. Next, discriminate functions were built to select the optimal image enhancement method. To verify the model, 53 training images from the literature and 12 test images from a local company were used in an experimental analysis. The model achieved 98.11% accuracy in selecting the most suitable image enhancement method, and the average increase in contrast was 98% for the 53 training images. The enhancement method selection results for the 12 test images were also in agreement with the 53 training images from the literature. The results show that the proposed method is effective and appropriate for quickly improving image contrast.     

Classification of mammogram images using the energy probability in frequency domain and most discriminative power coefficients

The purpose of this work is to develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system to assist radiologists in the classification of mammogram images. The CAD system is composed of three main steps. The first step is image preprocessing and segmentation with the seeded region growing algorithm applied on a localized triangular region to remove only the muscle. In the second step of the CAD system, we proposed a novel features extraction method, which consists of three stages. In the first, the discrete cosine transform (DCT) is applied on all obtained regions of interest and then only the upper left corner (ULC) of DCT coefficients is retained. Second, we have applied the energy probability to the ULCs that is used as a criterion for selecting discriminant information. At the last stage, a new Most Discriminative power coefficient algorithm has been proposed to select the most significant features. In the final step of the CAD, the support vector machines, Naive Bayes, and artificial neural network (ANN) classifiers are used to make an effective classification. The evaluation of the proposed algorithm on the mini-Mammographic Image Analysis Society database shows its efficiency over other recently proposed CAD systems in the literature, whereas an accuracy of 100% can be achieved using ANN with a small number of features.