非线性阻尼非线性刚度隔振系统参数识别

针对同时含有非线性刚度、非线性阻尼的振动系统,提出了两类参数识别方法。第一类方法是基于非线性振动系统中的振幅跳跃现象,通过跳跃点的测量得出振幅跳跃点的激励频率和幅值,用谐波平衡法识别出非线性振动系统的非线性刚度、非线性阻尼参数。第二类方法是涉及时域响应,通过希尔伯特变换获得非线性系统自由振动的响应幅值和相角,结合双非线性振动系统在瞬态激励下的解析解,获得系统的非线性刚度和阻尼。以非线性刚度非线性阻尼隔振系统为例,通过数值模拟对给出的两类参数识别方法加以验证,并对结果进行较比,识别参数相吻合。可以为实验条件下,含非线性刚度、非线性阻尼隔振系统的参数识别提供理论指导。     

组合激励下冷轧机工作辊水平振动特性研究EI北大核心CSCD

为研究冷轧机水平方向在多频激励下发生的组合振动,利用多尺度法求得相应力学模型解析解的近似表达式。在三项激振力频率之和接近系统固有频率时,分析系统非线性振动幅频响应曲线受刚度项和阻尼项系数变化的影响。仿真表明,由于非线性因素影响,使水平系统存在跳跃现象和不稳定区域,当增大系统线性刚度、线性阻尼、非线性阻尼和减小非线性刚度时有利于抑制水平振动;同时发现工作辊水平振动周期会随着激振幅值的变化出现倍周期与混沌周期交替现象,合理选取激振力幅值范围有利于抑制混沌运动的产生;减小轴承座与牌坊立柱间隙能够有效抑制轧机水平振动位移及其碰撞现象。以上研究为抑制轧机水平振动提供了有效理论参考。     

轧机辊系垂直非线性参激振动特性分析

考虑了轧制界面间的非线性阻尼以及辊系间的非线性刚度,建立了四辊轧机辊系垂直非线性参激振动模型。采用多尺度法求解了系统在不同频率激励下的主共振、超谐波共振以及亚谐波共振的解析近似解,得到了系统的幅频特性方程。分析了该系统的稳定性,得到了阻尼与刚度对系统稳定性的影响关系。分析了非线性刚度、非线性阻尼等参数对系统振动的影响,得到非线性刚度的变化会引起激励幅值的跳跃,导致幅值的振荡。用数值仿真验证了分析结果的正确性。研究结果为抑制轧机辊系这类垂直颤振提供了一定理论指导。     

非线性弹性地基上矩形薄板的非线性振动与奇异性分析

研究非线性弹性地基上小挠度矩形薄板的非线性振动，应用弹性力学理论建立非线性弹性地基上小挠度矩形薄板受简谐激励作用的动力学方程，利用Galerkin方法将其转化为非线性振动方程。根据非线性振动的多尺度法求得系统主参数共振-主共振情况的一次近似解，并进行数值计算。分析了阻尼系数、地基系数、激励参数等对系统主参数共振-主共振的影响。系统主参数共振-主共振曲线均具有跳跃现象。随着阻尼、地基系数的改变，系统响应曲线具有“类软刚度特征”。随着参数激励幅值的改变，系统响应曲线具有“类硬刚度特征”。应用奇异性理论得到系统主参数共振-主共振稳态响应的转迁集和分岔图。     

基于小波变换的时变及典型非线性振动系统识别

用Morlet小波变换方法对时变振动系统和典型非线性振动系统进行参数识别。首先,通过Morlet小波变换提取振动响应的小波脊线,从而获得瞬时频率和瞬时幅值,然后,通过最小二乘曲线拟合即可估计系统的非线性阻尼和刚度系数。分别以时变阻尼自由振动系统、达芬有阻尼非线性简谐振动系统和范德波尔非线性自由振动系统为例子来说明小波变换方法对识别时变振动系统和非线性振动系统的有效性。     

一类分数阶分段光滑系统的非线性振动特性

分析了一类含分数阶的单自由度分段光滑系统的振动特性。建立了单自由度分数阶分段光滑系统的数学模型,采用平均法得到了系统的周期解,并与数值解进行了对比,二者吻合效果较好。分析了周期解幅频响应的跳跃现象及可能出现的鞍结分岔与擦边分岔,并利用数值仿真着重研究了分段刚度与阻尼、分数阶系数与阶次、分段间隙等参数对幅频响应及其稳定性的影响。基于奇异性理论对分岔方程进行了分析,得到了转迁集和系统分岔图,从而反映出该系统在不同参数区间的振动特性。     

扬声器低频强非线性振动的周期解

通过能量法求解扬声器低频强非线性振动系统的非线性微分方程，得到幅频关系方程、相频关系方程和强非线性振动的周期解的近似解析式。     

机车转子非线性系统的动力学分析

随着机车速度的提高,对机车的运行安全性和稳定性提出了更高的要求。主要研究了非线性双转子连续-质量转子系统的动力学模型,综合考虑转子支撑、齿轮啮合刚度等复合非线性因素影响。基于哈密尔顿最小势能原理,建立连续-质量非线性转子系统的动力学模型,对系统进行无量纲化处理,并求解了固有振动频率及振型。采用MR-K迭代法求解强非线性转子系统的数值解。定量分析在支撑刚度、阻尼及其齿轮刚度参数作用下,转子系统的幅频响应变化。结果表明:复杂边界条件下,系统的固有频率对传动系统振动响应影响较明显。当齿面磨损及间隙变化时,齿轮啮合刚度变大,转子系统在固有频率处位移显著增大。轮轨激励的变化,引起系统从动轴横向弯曲幅值变大。     

波纹辊轧机辊系垂直非线性参激振动特性分析

考虑了波纹辊轧机波纹界面间的非线性阻尼和非线性刚度,建立了波纹辊轧机两自由度垂直非线性参激振动模型。利用奇异值理论讨论了波纹辊轧机辊系自治下的稳定性,运用多尺度法求解了波纹辊轧机辊系在波纹界面激励下的主共振和次共振的解析近似解和幅频特性方程。分析了非线性刚度系数、非线性阻尼系数、系统阻尼系数、轧制力的幅值等参数对振动的影响。通过数值仿真验证了分析结果的正确性,为抑制波纹辊轧机的辊系振动和升级改造提供了一定的理论指导。     

分数阶Duffing振子的亚谐共振

研究了含分数阶微分项的Duffing振子的亚谐共振,利用平均法得到了系统的一阶近似解。提出了亚谐共振时等效线性阻尼和等效线性刚度的概念,分析了分数阶微分项的系数和阶次对系统动力学特性的影响。建立了亚谐共振定常解的幅频曲线的解析表达式,并得到了亚谐共振周期响应的存在条件和稳定性判断准则。最后进行了数值解和解析解的比较,证明了解析结果的准确性,并通过数值仿真研究了分数阶微分项的参数对亚谐共振解的存在条件、稳定性条件和系统幅频曲线的影响。     

Non-parametric system identification from non-linear stochastic response

An estimation method is proposed for identification of non-linear stiffness and damping of single-degree-of-freedom systems under stationary white noise excitation. Non-parametric estimates of the stiffness and damping along with an estimate of the white noise intensity are obtained by suitable processing of records of the stochastic response. The stiffness estimation is based on a local iterative procedure, which compares the elastic energy at mean-level crossings with the kinetic energy at the extremes. The damping estimation is based on a generic expression for the probability density of the energy at mean-level crossings, which yields the damping relative to white noise intensity. Finally, an estimate of the noise intensity is extracted by estimating the absolute damping from the autocovariance functions of a set of modified phase plane variables at different energy levels. The method is demonstrated using records obtained by numerical simulation.     

非线性能量阱振动抑制效果理论分析与试验研究

Aiming at eliminating the broadband line spectrum generated by the periodic rotation of submarine mechanical equipment, the vibration suppression effect was investigation and the structural parameter optimization of nonlinear energy sink (NES) were carried out under harmonic excitation. The dynamic model of mechanical equipment coupled with the nonlinear energy sink was established, and the periodic motion and stability of the coupled system were analyzed by incremental harmonic method, arc-length continuation method and Floquet theory. The influence of damping, mass ratio and stiffness on the vibration suppression effect of the nonlinear energy sink was discussed by taking the system vibration energy as evaluation criterion. Furthermore, the optimized damping and stiffness were obtained through local optimization algorithm, also the robustness of the vibration suppression effect was studied. The results show that the proposed method is in good agreement with Runge-Kutta numerical method, which can effectively construct the complete image of the coupled system periodic solution. Besides, weak damping is a prerequisite for a nonlinear energy sink to have good vibration suppression effect and robustness within a range of 20% of excitation frequency and of 50% amplitude after parameter optimization. A NES, parallel with vertical linear springs and constituted by flexible hinges under preloaded state, was proposed and related test research was also carried out to verify the theoretical findings.     

非线性振动方程多重解求解方法

非线性振动方程多重解的求解过程中,迭代初值难以有效确定,不稳定周期解收敛域很小,利用通常的微分方程解法无法直接求解。针对这个问题,引入同伦算法,使得初始值的选取无任何限制;同时利用预测-校正算法对外激励参数变化下的解曲线进行追踪,得到系统的多重解。该方法不但可以计算稳定的周期解,而且不稳定的周期解也可以求出。采用Duffing振子运动方程对该方法进行了计算验证,通过与理论近似解以及龙格-库塔法计算结果的对比,验证了该方法的有效性。     

分数阶单自由度间隙振子的受迫振动

研究了含有分数阶微分项的单自由度间隙振子的受迫振动,利用KBM渐近法获得了系统的近似解析解。分析了分段线性系统的主共振,得到了分数阶阶次在0～2时分数阶项的统一表达式;发现分数阶微分项在分段系统中以等效线性阻尼和等效线性刚度的形式影响着系统的动力学特性,而间隙以等效非线性刚度的形式影响着系统的动力学特性。获得了主共振幅频响应的表达式,并得到了系统的稳定性条件;比较了系统主共振幅频响应的近似解析解和数值解,发现两者符合程度较高,验证了近似解析解的正确性;详细分析了分数阶项和间隙对系统主共振幅频响应的影响。研究表明KBM渐近法是分析分数阶分段光滑系统动力学的有效方法。     

参数激励驱动微陀螺系统的非线性振动特性研究

对于一类典型的切向梳齿驱动型微陀螺,建立两自由度、具有刚度立方非线性和参数激励驱动的微陀螺系统动力学模型。考虑主参数共振和1∶1内共振的情况,利用多尺度法获得周期解的解析形式,并利用分岔理论,得到Hopf分岔条件,结合数值模拟系统的动力学响应,揭示系统参数对驱动和检测模态振幅和分岔行为的影响机制。研究结果表明,在1∶1内共振和较大的载体角速度下,激励频率的变化容易引起微陀螺振动系统的多稳态解、振幅跳跃现象和概周期响应等复杂动力学行为。     

Damped oscillations modeled by an n-th order time dependent quasi-linear differential system

Summary. A general formula based on the extended (by Popov [4]) Krylov-Bogoliubov-Mitropolskii method [1], [2] is presented for obtaining asymptotic solution of an n-th order time dependent quasi-linear differential equation with damping. The method of determination of the solution is simple and easier than the classical formulae developed by several authors as well as the technique initiated by the original contributors [1], [2]. The general solution can be used arbitrarily for different values of n = 2, 3. The method can be used not only for periodic forcing terms, but also for some non-periodic (bounded) forces. All the solutions can be determined from a single trial solution. On the contrary, at least two trial solutions are needed to investigate time-dependent differential equations; one is for the resonance case and the other for the non-resonance case. The later solution is sometimes used in the case of non-periodic external forces. However, the resonance cases (including damped forced vibrations [7]) are mainly considered in this paper, since these are important in vibration problems.     

Stochastic resonance of a multi-stable system and its application in bearing fault diagnosis

This paper investigates the stochastic resonance and mean-first passage time of a quad-stable potential in the presence of Gaussian white noise and periodic forcing. The analytical expressions of mean-first passage time and spectral amplification are obtained, respectively. It is found that even small noise intensity can lead to noise-assisted hopping between two adjacent potential wells for the case of small damping coefficient. For large noise intensity, the escape process of Brownian particles is accelerated in an underdamped nonlinear system. Moreover, the curve of spectral amplification displays a typical resonant peak at an optimal noise intensity, suggesting the onset of stochastic resonance. Meanwhile, with the decrease of periodic signal frequency, the peak value of spectral amplification is enhanced. Especially, an optimal quad-stable potential structure exists to maximize the stochastic resonance effect. The proposed multi-stable stochastic resonance method is applied to the fault diagnosis of inner and outer race bearing, and the quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the system parameters and damping coefficient. The good agreement between fault frequency and theoretical value validates efficiency of the proposed method. Compared with the overdamped tri-stable stochastic resonance method, the performance of fault diagnosis is enhanced substantially by the proposed method.     

受简谐激励弹簧测力机构的1/3次亚谐共振研究

为研究弹簧测力机构的1／3次亚谐共振问题，应用拉格朗日方程得到有阻尼弹簧测力机构在简谐激励作用下具有周期系数的非线性运动微分方程-Duffing—Mathieu方程；根据非线性振动的多尺度法求得系统满足1／3次亚谐共振情况的一次近似解，并对其进行数值计算。分析了激力、谐凋值、阻尼、弹簧刚度等对系统的影响。随着阻尼的增加，系统幅频响应曲线向开口方向移动。随着弹簧刚度和激力的增大，系统幅频响应曲线上下两条曲线的距离逐渐增大。对于硬刚度系统，当谐调值大于零时，随着谐调值的增大，系统幅频响应曲线幅值逐渐增大。对于软刚度系统，当谐调值小于零时，随着谐调值的减小，系统幅频响应曲线幅值逐渐增大。     

基于能量法的库伦摩擦阻尼特性分析

为了研究摩擦减振特性,对给定二自由度摩擦系统的动力学方程进行分析,利用能量守恒原理和阻尼减振原理给出系统摩擦阻尼的损耗因子。通过分析不同外载荷、质量比和刚度比对损耗因子的影响,以及对不同最大动摩擦力时质量体的长、短时程位移变化特性进行比较。结果说明损耗因子随外载荷和系统结构参数不断变化;最大损耗因子对应的最大动摩擦力作用系统,只有在短时间内有较好的减振特性,在实际中可以采用主动控制摩擦力的方法达到最佳减振效果。