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1.
高电导率聚苯胺的合成   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
采用樟脑磺酸(CSA)做掺杂剂,对聚苯胺(PANI)进行了掺杂研究,考查了掺杂时间、温度、掺杂剂用量及间甲酚(m-c)与三氯甲烷(ch)的混合溶剂比例对其导电性的影响,并用红外光谱对掺杂产物进行了表征。结果表明,掺杂温度对聚苯胺的电导率影响较大,通过控制温度,可以制备出电导率达400S.cm-1的磺化聚苯胺薄膜,且具有良好的环境稳定性,在空气中放置6个月,其电导率基本不变。  相似文献   

2.
以乙二胺四乙酸为掺杂剂,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,采用自组装的方法合成了掺杂态的聚苯胺纳米管。通过扫描电镜(SEM),透射电镜(TEM),红外光谱(IR),X射线衍射(XRD),UV-Vis和四探针法等测试手段对产物的形貌、结构和性能进行了表征。分析了不同乙二胺四乙酸和苯胺的摩尔比对产物的形貌和导电性能的影响。结果表明,不同乙二胺四乙酸和苯胺的摩尔比对产物有一定的影响,随着摩尔比的增加,产物纳米管的直径增大;合成的聚苯胺纳米管具有一定的导电性。  相似文献   

3.
化学方法合成聚苯胺,通过氨水解掺杂,得到本征态聚苯胺,再用酒石酸对聚苯胺进行二次掺杂。采用扫描电镜(SEM)研究了苯胺/酒石酸的反应物质的量比、反应时间、反应温度对聚苯胺/酒石酸产物的形貌的影响,并利用红外光谱和紫外光谱对其结构进行了表征。  相似文献   

4.
杨小刚  高婷 《材料导报》2011,(1):329-331
化学方法合成聚苯胺,通过氨水解掺杂,得到本征态聚苯胺,再用酒石酸对聚苯胺进行二次掺杂。采用扫描电镜(SEM)研究了苯胺/酒石酸的反应物质的量比、反应时间、反应温度对聚苯胺/酒石酸产物的形貌的影响,并利用红外光谱和紫外光谱对其结构进行了表征。  相似文献   

5.
聚苯胺导电材料的制备及表征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用溶液聚合法和乳液聚合法制备了聚苯胺(PAn)导电材料.考察了所得PAn的产率、溶解性和电导率,并用红外光谱和X射线衍射对产物的结构进行了表征.结果表明乳液聚合法制备的掺杂态PAn有着更高的产率、更好的溶解性、导电性和更好的结晶性.  相似文献   

6.
采用七水硫酸亚铁与本征态聚苯胺的固相掺杂反应,获得了同时具有导电性和导磁性能的新型结构复合材料。考察了不同的掺杂反应条件对固相合成产物导电率和磁化率的影响,获得了适宜的固相合成条件。通过红外光谱(FT—IR)、现场紫外光谱(in—situ UV—vis)、元素分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等测试手段对合成产物进行了表征,测定了产物的室温电导率、质量磁化率及吸波电磁参数。实验结果表明,通过改变固相掺杂反应条件可以调控产物的电导率和磁化率,所得掺杂产物在2~18GHz微波范围内具有一定的介电损耗和磁损耗。  相似文献   

7.
碘酸钾作氧化剂合成聚苯胺及其性能研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
本文以盐酸苯胺为原料,碘酸钾作氧化剂,在盐酸水溶液中化学法合成聚苯胺,研究了碘酸钾、盐酸苯胺、盐酸的浓度及配比、反应温度和反应时间等对苯胺聚合及产物性能的影响。发现碘酸钾是制备聚苯胺的一种很理想的氧化剂,在很宽广的反应条件范围里,都可以获得具有良好导电性的聚合产物。FT-IR及X射线衍射分析的结果表明,聚合产物在本征态时具有emeraldine式的结构,盐酸掺杂前后都呈非晶态。  相似文献   

8.
以纳米乙炔炭黑在反应体系中的聚集体为模板,采用化学氧化法制备了多孔形貌的聚苯胺。讨论了乙炔炭黑经硝酸液相氧化处理对聚苯胺/炭黑复合材料形貌、导电性及热性能的影响。研究结果表明,在聚苯胺掺杂酸盐酸用量增加到80mL时两种复合材料都具有多孔结构,并且由于炭黑经硝酸液相氧化后分散性及表面性质得到改善,产物呈现出明显的一维线性结构,该复合材料电导率高达5.55S/cm。多孔复合材料热分解温度均在430℃左右。  相似文献   

9.
以酒石酸为掺杂剂,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,采用"无模板"自组装法合成了掺杂态聚苯胺微/纳米纤维。分析了酒石酸与苯胺的不同摩尔比对产物形貌、分子结构及电性能的影响。结果表明,酒石酸与苯胺摩尔比为1时,生成了长径比较大、有序性较好的聚苯胺微/纳米纤维,该比例下电导率达到9.355×10-2 S/cm。改变反应温度和反应时间,酒石酸在常温下自组装掺杂即可得到较高电导率的聚苯胺产物。傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外可见光分光光度计、X射线衍射仪的表征结果证明,不同酒石酸与苯胺摩尔比下合成的聚苯胺微/纳米纤维均为掺杂态,且具有一定的导电性。  相似文献   

10.
以过硫酸铵((NH4)2S2O4)为氧化剂,盐酸作为质子酸掺杂,采用化学氧化聚合法合成了导电聚苯胺,研究了氧化剂用量、掺杂质子酸浓度、反应温度和反应时间对聚苯胺导电性及产率的影响,用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶红外变换光谱(FTIR)、紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)分析研究了聚苯胺的结构和形貌特征。结果表明,制备导电性好、产率高的掺杂态聚苯胺最佳实验条件为:n((NH4)2S2O4)/n(An)为1︰1,盐酸浓度为1 mol/L,反应温度为5℃,反应时间6 h。在此条件下,制备得到的聚苯胺电导率大于27 S/cm,产率在95%以上,颗粒表现出一定的结晶性。  相似文献   

11.
In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.  相似文献   

12.
13.
Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……  相似文献   

14.
A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.  相似文献   

15.
A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.  相似文献   

16.
On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……  相似文献   

17.
Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.  相似文献   

18.
We associate a variety of innovations with the term "Industry 4.0". The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...  相似文献   

19.
In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M2(B,C), (W,Mo)2(B,C), M3(B,C), M23(B,C)6 type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm2. The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K1 mill housing of bar mill.  相似文献   

20.
The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……  相似文献   

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