现代设计技术的最新进展─—“现代制造技术”系列之二

论述了现代设计技术的最新进展中最具代表性的三个方面，即并行设计、绿色产品设计和智能设计技术。围绕着设计现念和方法的彻底转变与更新，按照设计模式、设计观念和设计自动化等三个方面对以上研究领域的研究动态即发展方向进行了综述，并指出：并行、绿色与智能将是未来设计系统的主要特征。     

Myth and maturity: towards a new order in the decade of design

The industrial design profession has established a place for itself in a phenomenally short time. It is widely accepted as a useful service. But it is also still in the process of realizing its full potential as a service to a society going through a series of tremendous transformations.

To be human a man must understand what has been accomplished and what can be accomplished by the arts of man.     

GGREADA: A graph grammar-based machine design algorithm

A class of graph grammar-based design algorithms for the generation of near-optimal machine designs is proposed. The GGREADA algorithm is implemented to design scale model carts from Meccano^® Set components. A graph grammar for the carts is defined. GGREADA successfully designs minimum-weight carts that provide specified load-bed areas. GGREADA's exploration capability is also demonstrated by creating probability frequency plots of likely cart surface areas and weights from random samples taken from the space of all possible cart designs. The advantages that a designer may gain from grammar-based design tools are discussed along with the representational challenges that remain in exploiting grammars for this purpose.     

现代产品设计中的适当设计理念

论证了在现代产品设计中提出适当设计理念的理由,阐述了适当设计的本质含义.并从消费需求、产品的功能、材料及造型等4个方面,对适当设计的具体运作方法进行了比较详细的分析和研究.同时也指出了,利用适当设计,可使产品能最准确地满足目标群体最真实、最合理的消费需求,以缓解当前因产品的过度设计所带来种种问题.     

Back to the future with CAD: its impact on product design and development

This paper briefly examines the history of the management and organisation of the product development cycle. It looks at some of the key factors that have affected product development, and how information technology through CAD may have opened the door to a simultaneous product design process that has more in common with ‘older’ craft-based methods than those developed in the recent industrial era.     

The effects of experience during design problem solving

Behavioural and physiological experiments to analsye the development, influence and application of experience during design problem solving are described. The results of the behavioural experiments show, that while novices try to solve assignments through deductive reasoning, experts prefer to apply their experience directly. The electrophysiological experiments indicate, that as a manifestation of this, the regions activated in the human brain during problem solving vary according to the experience a test person has. Novices show a longer activity in the frontal regions whereas the experts seem to have longer activity in the parietal regions of the brain.     

产品创新设计理论与方法综述

从工业设计和工程设计两个方面分析和归纳了当前产品创新设计理论与设计方法的发展现状,说明工业设计理论研究主要表现为设计思想、设计风格的研究,工业设计方法的研究主要面向设计思维本身和思维对象,中心是设计本身;工程设计理论研究主要表现为对设计过程的建模,工程设计方法的研究主要面向设计思维的模拟,中心是设计的手段。