复合材料加筋板的动力分析

本文构造了九自由度三角形拟协调罚函数复合材料板单元与六自由度复合材料梁单元,考虑了剪切变形与转动惯量的影响。用这两种单元对复合材料加筋板的自由振动、阻尼特性和瞬态响应问题进行了研究,给出一些有益结果。      

有限宽度和椭圆孔形状对缺口层合板强度预测的影响

本文采用有限元方法对正交各向异性材料含有不同椭圆孔形状的有限宽度板作了分析,给出了有限宽度和椭圆孔形状对应力集中因子K₁和孔边应力分布σ_y(x,0)的影响公式。数值结果表明:正交各向异性板的有限宽度和椭圆孔形状对K_r和σ_y(x,0)的影响均与各向同性材料不同,所以有限宽度和椭圆孔形状将对缺口层合板强度的预测产生影响。      

让七十多年前的影片《迷途的羔羊》重返银幕

中国电影资料馆珍藏着大量早期影片,其中许多具有珍贵的保存价值.1936年由蔡楚生编导、任光谱曲的<迷途的羔羊>是我国第一部以流浪儿童为题材的影片,也是我国儿童影片中的第一部有声片.此片在思想和艺术上都取得了突破,尤其是以童谣形式演唱的主题歌<月光光歌>感人至深,充分发挥了音乐的魅力,增强了整部影片的感染力.影片公映后,深受广大观众的欢迎和电影工作者的赞扬.七十多年过去了,当我们准备再次让它同观众见面时,却发现能够最真实、最原始记录影音效果的原底、声底片却出现了许多问题,给复制工作带来了空前的难度,这是我们从事资料影片复制工作三十多年来从未遇到过的难题.主要有以下几方面问题:     

热力公司锅炉附属仪表使用及检定情况

目前在新疆的供热公司大多存在着麻痹思想,对锅炉的附属仪表均不够重视,因此导致的安全隐患几乎都没有意识到.     

世界著名帐篷露营地

<正>住在帐篷露营地被认为是最经济实惠的旅行住宿方式,特别是在欧美国家,帐篷营地的费用通常比附近价格最为低廉的旅店还要便宜。如今,帐篷营地已经成为一项产业并且发展得非常成熟,大多数都配有能够满足生活需要的基础设施,比如厕所、淋浴间、洗衣房等,很多还配有丰富的活动场所和设备。除此之外,     

地震吓不倒档案人

2008年5月12日下午,一场史无前例的特大地震突袭四川,造成了巨大的生命财产损失.东方电气集团东方电机有限公司位于德阳市旌阳区,离震中的直线距离不到80公里,地震烈度达到7度,许多房屋损坏,属于重灾区.灾害发生后,由于组织及时,措施得力,档案部门全体职工在几分钟内有序地撤离到安全地带,无一伤亡.     

加拿大国家档案馆珍藏概览(5)——镜头中的加拿大

1989年是照片诞生后的第150周年.自从第一次将光影与化学结合起来用于从大自然中获得永恒的图片后,自然风光摄影就倍受争议.不管怎样,无论艺术还是科学,技艺还是职业,摄影都是产生于客观性与选择性之间,创造性与现实性之上的一种档案媒介.在最新的一次统计后,国家档案馆现今保存有1500万以上的照片档案.不管是百年前拍摄的还是上个星期刚刚拍摄的,照片所要传递出的要素通常是些非常独特的信息.无论照片、底片和幻灯片,是黑白的还是彩色的,无论旧与新,不管是退色了的还是色彩艳丽的,单独的还是成集合的,最为关键的是它们都见证了加拿大历史与社会的发展与兴衰.     

DCI为什么要求数字影院放映系统的分辨率为4K或2K

上世纪90年代初,美国电影电视工程师学会"数字影像层级结构"特别工作小组对成像系统的空间分辨率要求进行了研究.该小组从分辨率的角度将显示器分为低分辨率、常规分辨率、高分辨率和超高分辨率等四个层级.该小组基于以下几个基本概念,提出了空间分辨率层级的设计理念:--基于常用的数字处理和存储体系结构的一种层级整数递进;--支持基于影像贴片(image tile)的各种宽高比和空间分辨率;--能够利用适宜分辨率的贴片,针对任何应用要求来构建显示器.通过使用贴片和仅仅四个分辨率层级,便有可能构建出适用于任何用途的新显示器,而且这种显示器还可以用于显示来自任何其它层级的影像.美国数字电影倡导组织(DCI)要求数字影院放映系统的分辨率为4K或2K,属超高分辨率或高分辨率的级别.     

Mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterojunction-enhanced Raman scattering

Van der Waals heterojunctions(vdWHs)provide an excellent material system for the research of heterojunction-enhanced Raman scattering(HERS)due to their complexity and diversity.However,the traditional two-dimensional vdWHs are not conducive to the full utilization of near-field light due to the limitation of single dimension.Herein,we fabricate T-shaped mixed-dimensional SnSe₂/ReS₂ vdWHs via chemical vapor deposition and wetting transfer method,and demonstrate that the mixed-dimensional vdWHs can be used as ultrasensitive HERS chips based on the effective photo-induced charge transfer.Besides,the radiative energy transfer effect enhanced by near-field light further magnifies the HERS signals,improving the detection limit of rhodamine 6G(R6G)to femtomolar level.Furthermore,we demonstrate that the ultrasensitive screening of crystal violet in multicomponent solutions adsorbed on SnSe₂/ReS₂ vdWHs can be achieved by adjusting the laser wavelength,which has not been achieved by noble metal materials.This work provides new insights into the mixed-dimensional vdWHs and demonstrates the great application potential of T-shaped heterojunctions.     

Thermal instability and dynamic response analysis of a tensioned carbon nanotube under moving uniformly distributed external pressure

Single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)are receiving immense research attention due to their tremendous thermal,electrical,structural and mechanical properties.In this paper,an exact solution of the dynamic response of SWCNT with a moving uniformly distributed load is presented.The SWCNT is modelled via the theories of Bernoulli-Euler-thermal elasticity mechanics and solved using Integral transforms.The developed closed-form solution in the present work is compared with existing results and excellent agreements are established.The parametric studies show that as the magnitude of the pressure distribution at the surface increases,the deflection associated with the single walled nanotube increases at any mode whilst a corresponding increase in temperature and foundation parameter have an attenuating effect on deflection.Moreover,an increase in the Winkler parameter,as well as a decrease in the SWCNT mass increases its frequency of vibration.Furthermore,an increase in the speed of the external agent decreases the total external pressure as a result of the removal of dead loads.The present work is envisaged to improve the application of SWCNT as nanodevices for structural,electrical and mechanical systems.     

检定和校准证书的异同与应用

本文介绍了检定和校准以及证书的两点相同、五点不同之处,说明了对检定证书和校准证书的正确应用。     

Synthesis and luminescent properties of alkali-metal and ammonium fluorosulfatozirconates and fluorosulfatohafnates

We have synthesized a variety of alkali-metal and ammonium fluorosulfatometallates (titanates, zirconates, and hafnates). The alkali fluorosulfatozirconates and fluorosulfatohafnates have been shown to exhibit efficient roentgenoluminescence (RL) in the UV through visible spectral region, with a maximum at 390–440 nm. Their RL spectra depend significantly on their composition (cation, anion, and water content), coordination of KF and K₂SO₄, and relative amounts of fluorine and SO₄ groups. We have examined the effect of heat treatment on the RL of these compounds. The rubidium and cesium fluorosulfatozirconates Rb₃Zr₂F₉SO₄ · 2H₂O, Cs₂ZrF₂(SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O, Cs₈Zr₄F₂(SO₄)₁₁ · 16H₂O, and Cs₂ZrF₄SO₄ offer the most efficient RL.     

Heat and Mass Transfer and Modeling and Prediction of Environmental Catastrophes

Basic definitions and concepts of the physicomathematical theory of natural catastrophes are given. Possibilities of mathematical modeling of natural and technogenic catastrophes are discussed in the context of the theory of heat and mass transfer and the mechanics of reacting media. The importance of taking into account conjugate heat and mass exchange in modeling catastrophes is emphasized. A formula for evaluating the probability of a collisional catastrophe is given.     

凝固科学技术与材料

从凝固科学与实践发展的角度介绍了当前凝固材料体系的基本框架和凝固科学主要发展阶段的基本理论。作为材料科学与工程的基本组成，凝固科学技术正在现代科学理论的基础上针对传统材料的改性提高和新材料的发展需求，以控形、控构、控性为目标开展优质铸件的定向、晶体生长、快凝、深过冷及各种新型和超常领域凝固过程的研究，并介绍了其中某些方面和展望了可能的发展趋势。     

Multi-ferroic and magnetoelectric materials and interfaces

The existence of multiple ferroic orders in the same material and the coupling between them have been known for decades. However, these phenomena have mostly remained the theoretical domain owing to the fact that in single-phase materials such couplings are rare and weak. This situation has changed dramatically recently for at least two reasons: first, advances in materials fabrication have made it possible to manufacture these materials in structures of lower dimensionality, such as thin films or wires, or in compound structures such as laminates and epitaxial-layered heterostructures. In these designed materials, new degrees of freedom are accessible in which the coupling between ferroic orders can be greatly enhanced. Second, the miniaturization trend in conventional electronics is approaching the limits beyond which the reduction of the electronic element is becoming more and more difficult. One way to continue the current trends in computer power and storage increase, without further size reduction, is to use multi-functional materials that would enable new device capabilities. Here, we review the field of multi-ferroic (MF) and magnetoelectric (ME) materials, putting the emphasis on electronic effects at ME interfaces and MF tunnel junctions.     

CellML and associated tools and techniques

We have, in the last few years, witnessed the development and availability of an ever increasing number of computer models that describe complex biological structures and processes. The multi-scale and multi-physics nature of these models makes their development particularly challenging, not only from a biological or biophysical viewpoint but also from a mathematical and computational perspective. In addition, the issue of sharing and reusing such models has proved to be particularly problematic, with the published models often lacking information that is required to accurately reproduce the published results. The International Union of Physiological Sciences Physiome Project was launched in 1997 with the aim of tackling the aforementioned issues by providing a framework for the modelling of the human body. As part of this initiative, the specifications of the CellML mark-up language were released in 2001. Now, more than 7 years later, the time has come to assess the situation, in particular with regard to the tools and techniques that are now available to the modelling community. Thus, after introducing CellML, we review and discuss existing editors, validators, online repository, code generators and simulation environments, as well as the CellML Application Program Interface. We also address possible future directions including the need for additional mark-up languages.     

The shape and stability of wall-bound and wall-edge-bound drops and bubbles

The behavior of wall-bound drops and bubbles is fundamental to many natural and industrial processes. Key characteristics of such capillary systems include interface shape and stability for a variety of gravity levels and orientations. Significant solutions are in hand for axisymmetric pendent drops for a variety of uniform boundary conditions along the contact line with gravity acting normal to a planar wall. The special case of a wall-bound drop or bubble that is also pinned at an edge (i.e. a ‘wall-edge-bound’ drop) is considered here where numerical solutions are obtained for interface shape and stability as functions of drop volume, contact angle, fluid properties, and uniform gravity vector. For a semi-infinite zero-thickness planar wall (plate), a critical contact angle is identified below which wall-edge-bound drops are always stable. The critical contact angle is computed as a function of the gravity vector. The numerical procedure, which makes no account for contact angle hysteresis, predicts that such wall-edge-bound drops are unconditionally unstable for any gravity field with a component that is tangent to the wall while inwardly normal to the edge. Select experiments are conducted that support the conclusions drawn from the numerical results.