基于亚马逊热带雨林的HY-2卫星微波散射计在轨测量性能分析

中国第一颗自主海洋动力环境卫星海洋二号(HY-2)卫星于2011年8月16日成功发射,其上搭载的Ku波段微波散射计可以提供海面风矢量信息。根据国际上对已发射星载微波散射计在亚马逊热带雨林的研究结果:散射计在该地理区域观测的后向散射系数随季节的变化在0.15 dB以内。本文对HY-2微波散射计2012—2013年的亚马逊热带雨林区域的观测数据进行了分析,结果表明HY-2卫星散射计在轨运行两年来的测量性能很稳定,其在亚马逊热带雨林的季节性变化特征与国际上的研究结果一致。     

HY-2卫星微波散射计反演风矢量产品真实性检验方法研究

海洋二号(HY-2)卫星微波散射计主要用于测量海表面的风速和风向,为了确保地面应用系统业务化处理软件生产产品的质量,必须对其生产产品进行真实性检验,为数据产品的定量化应用提供依据。本文基于NCEP分析资料数据,对HY-2卫星微波散射计反演风矢量产品进行了真实性检验,检验结果表明:采用NCEP分析数据,除了可以给出HY-2卫星微波散射计反演风矢量产品的整体精度评价之外,还可以用于快速分析与圆锥扫描笔形波束体制相关及测量机理的精度特性分析,辅助分析识别仪器在轨测量性能的短期异常。     

海洋二号卫星微波辐射计系统设计

海洋二号(HY-2A)卫星是我国首颗海洋动力环境卫星,微波辐射计是该星的4个微波载荷之一,主要用于测量全球海洋表面温度、海面风速、海洋上空水汽和降雨等参数。HY-2A微波辐射计采用圆锥扫描方式,使用冷空反射器和星载热定标源完成在轨两点定标,覆盖频率范围为6~37 GHz,本文对系统、天线、接收通道和配平设计进行了介绍。     

HY-2卫星微波散射计在西北太平洋台风监测中的应用研究

本文在简述海洋二号(HY-2)卫星微波散射计工作机制及海面风场反演原理的基础上,针对HY-2卫星微波散射计在轨运行的数据,利用该散射计数据开展海面台风中心定位、结构、台风路径、风速等值线、大风半径等台风参数的定量化应用分析研究。同时将HY-2卫星观测到的海面风场与风云二号(FY-2E)卫星云图进行融合展示,并将HY-2海面风场与ASCAT反演的海面风场和浮标提供的观测数据进行对比验证,多方面的定量分析显示出HY-2卫星海面风场观测的有效性和在台风监测中的优势。最后,对HY-2卫星微波散射计的优缺点进行分析,展望了其可能的改进方向。     

HY-2A微波散射计风场反演算法

本文针对我国首颗自主发射的海洋二号(HY-2A)卫星微波散射计,建立了业务化运行的风场反演算法,该算法将散射计海面风矢量反演分为粗搜索和精搜索两个步骤,有效地提高了运算效率。采用矢量圆中数滤波算法进行风向模糊解去除,并采用NCEP风场作为背景场对初始场进行选择,提高了模糊去除准确性。算法的反演结果经与NDBC对比和ASCAT风场星星对比验证,结果表明HY-2A卫星微波散射计可提供风速精度优于2 m/s或10%,风向精度优于±20°的海面风场观测产品,可满足海洋科学研究和海洋业务应用的需求。     

海洋二号卫星精密定轨方案设计及实现

2011年8月16日发射的海洋环境动力(海洋二号)卫星是中国第一颗动力环境卫星,其中搭载的雷达高度计需要连续的厘米级海洋地形测量,轨道误差在雷达高度计整体误差预算中占主要部分,为实现海洋二号卫星精密定轨事后处理径向10 cm精度的研制总要求,海洋二号卫星搭载了多普勒地球轨道和无线电定位系统(DORIS)接收机、双频全球定位系统(GPS)接收机和激光反射棱镜阵列用于精密定轨。本文综述了海洋二号卫星精密定轨方案设计和关键技术,给出了在轨测试结果。     

海洋二号卫星主被动微波遥感探测技术研究

介绍了海洋二号(HY-2A)卫星4个微波有效载荷(雷达高度计、微波散射计、扫描微波辐射计和校正微波辐射计)的功能、性能和设计指标。HY-2A卫星突破了我国微波遥感设备技术上的瓶颈,为海洋环境监测预报业务化和防灾减灾提供了必要的海洋观测手段,解决了我国自主海洋动力环境参数遥感观测有无的问题。HY-2A卫星的成功发射和业务化运行为我国海洋卫星发展规划打下了坚实的基础。     

HY-2A卫星大气校正微波辐射计在轨数据定标和检验研究

海洋二号(HY-2A)卫星大气校正微波辐射计(ACMR)是为雷达高度计提供大气路径延迟校正的微波辐射计。本文针对ACMR热真空定标试验的原理、方法、实施过程及试验结果进行了阐述和分析,得到了ACMR 3个频率的辐射传输系数和非线性系数,并进行了天线订正的发射前算法分析,给出了天线温度系数。利用这些系数对在轨数据进行了处理,得到了在轨天线温度转换系数,并与Jason-1、Jason-2卫星上搭载的微波辐射仪(JMR)进行了匹配比较,结果表明一致性良好。     

海洋二号卫星大惯量旋转部件干扰力矩抑制技术

海洋二号(HY-2A)卫星要求微波散射计和微波辐射计实现扫描过程中所产生的力矩波动不能影响卫星姿态稳定度。这两个载荷使用永磁同步电动机矢量控制,对负载直接驱动;通过电机本体采用齿槽转矩优化设计、采用固定角度计时法消除量化误差、相电流测量误差控制、逆变器死区补偿等措施,抑制转矩波动。通过电机本体和控制策略进行联合精确模型仿真,分析了系统的转矩波动。由在轨遥测数据分析可得,实现了大惯量旋转部件的精确控制。     

HY－2卫星微波散射计海面风矢量场反演技术研究

主要针对HY-2卫星微波散射计,提出反演海面风矢量模型算法,并进行误差精度分析,给出了HY-2卫星微波散射计数据获取、预处理、风矢量场反演和产品制作技术流程,为HY-2卫星发射上天后能尽快发挥应有的效益做好技术准备,以此推动我国海洋微波遥感技术的发展.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

＂Three Transformations＂ and Standardization

During his inspection in Henan Province in May, Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed to ＂push forward the transformation from China Speed to China Quality, from Made in China to Created in China, and from Chinese Products to Chinese Brand＂. The ＂Three Transformations＂ are the specific requirements and goal of China＇s national development in the context that market should play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.