高体积分数B4C/ZL101复合材料力学性能的研究

高体积分数颗粒增强金属基复合材料结合了陶瓷和金属的性能优势,具有轻质、高强、高模量的特点,是一种颇具应用前景的装甲材料,但此方面的报道研究较少。采用压力浸渗法制备了颗粒体积分数为50%、不同粒径的B4C/ZL101复合材料。结果表明,预制件温度为550℃、浸渗熔体温度为750℃时,采用压力浸渗可以得到颗粒分布均匀、致密度高的复合材料,组成相简单;复合材料的力学性能表明,B4C颗粒的粒径越小,复合材料的力学性能越好。当B4C颗粒粒径为3μm时,压缩强度、抗弯强度、布氏硬度分别可达1000MPa、640MPa、285HB。     

六硼化硅(SiB6)添加剂对B4C陶瓷致密化与力学性能的影响

采用热压烧结(2000℃保温1h)制备了添加2wt%和5wt%SiB6的B4C陶瓷,研究了SiB6不同添加量对B4C陶瓷致密化和力学性能的影响.结果表明: SiB6能有效地促进B4C的烧结,并有助于提高材料的力学性能. SiB6的添加量为2wt%时,B4C陶瓷的块体密度为2.515g/cm3,是理论密度的99.5%,抗折强度和硬度分别达到426.6MPa和31.2GPa. SiB6添加量增加为5wt%时,材料的密度为2.500g/cm3,强度和硬度分别下降为387MPa和29.7GPa.不同添加量对B4C陶瓷的断裂韧性的影响不明显,添加2wt%和5wt%SiB6的B4C陶瓷的K1C分别为3.20和3.28MPa·m1/2.文中还对烧结样品的物相和影响力学性能的原因进行了讨论.     

45钢上Ni-W-Co-B4C复合镀层的制备及其摩擦学性能

利用电沉积技术在45钢表面制备了Ni-W-Co-B4C复合镀层,并研究了油润滑磨损条件下Ni-W-Co-B4C复合镀层的磨损特性.结果表明,Ni-W-Co镀层磨损形貌中有很深的犁沟,局部并有黏着磨损的特征,镀层的抗磨损性能较差;加入B4C颗粒的Ni-W-Co-B4C复合镀层磨损形貌试验中的犁沟较浅,没有发现黏着磨损现象,但B4C颗粒与金属基体结合不牢,有颗粒脱落现象.B4C颗粒含量、大小和载荷都对复合镀层的耐磨性有影响.当镀层中含有20%(体积分数)的B4C颗粒时,磨损性能最好.     

CaZrO3包覆Ni超细复合粉体的制备及其抗氧化性研究

为了提高MLCC内电极材料用镍粉的抗氧化性,本研究进行了镍粉的表面改性研究.采用化学沉淀法在镍粉表面包覆CaC2O4-Zr(C2O4)2混合物前驱体后,通过高温热处理使镍粉表面的前驱体转变成了致密的CaZrO3.考察了制备条件,如包覆试剂加入方式、搅拌速度与时间、反应温度及前驱体热处理温度等对Ni/CaZrO3复合粉体抗氧化性的影响.利用扫描电镜(SEM)对样品的形貌进行了观察.结果表明,在最佳条件下制得的Ni/CaZrO3复合粉体具有良好的抗氧化性,在400℃,空气气氛中煅烧30分钟的氧化率约为4%.     

碳热还原法制备部分石墨化的C/B_4C复合粉体

以炭黑和硼酸为原料,通过碳热还原法合成了部分石墨化的C/B4C复合粉体。考察了加热温度和硼酸添加量对C/B4C复合粉体合成过程的影响,采用X射线衍射和扫描电镜等方法对C/B4C复合粉体的物相及形貌进行了分析,利用热重法研究了C/B4C复合粉体的氧化性能。研究结果表明,随着加热温度的升高,复合粉体的石墨化度增大,B4C含量下降;随着硼酸加入量的增大,复合粉体中B4C含量及其石墨化度均增大;当炭黑和硼酸加入量分别为33.21%和66.79%时,经1900℃热处理所得复合粉体的石墨化度达23.26%,B4C含量为20.63%;与工业用B4C和炭黑的混合物相比,实验室合成的C/B4C复合粉体具有较好的抗氧化性能。     

Mg2Si对Al2O3f/AZ91D复合材料硬度的影响

采用熔体浸渗法制备Al2O3f/AZ91D复合材料,发现有Mg2Si新相生成.利用SEM,XRD等手段对其成分和组成进行了分析,研究了粘结剂的加入量对材料硬度的影响.结果表明:随着硅溶胶量的不断增大,材料硬度随之增大,当硅溶胶加入量大于10%(质量分数)时,对材料硬度的影响较小,且不利于材料的其他力学性能.     

Fe—C—Cr—V—B系高铬堆焊合金的显微组织及耐磨性

采用药芯焊丝埋弧堆焊方法制备含有C 1 2%～1 8%(质量分数,下同),Cr 15%～20%,V 2 0%～3 0%,B 0%～1 0%的高铬堆焊合金.借助光学显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射等分析手段,研究其显微组织及碳化物分布形貌,结果表明:其显微组织由α-Fe+γ-Fe+(Fe, Cr)7C3+ (Fe, Cr)3C+Fe3(C, B)+B4C等组成,加入B4C可显著细化该堆焊合金晶粒,降低α-Fe,γ-Fe基体组织的Cr,V等合金元素的固溶量,使碳化物(Fe, Cr)7C3数量增加且呈弥散分布.另外,考察了B4C含量对高铬堆焊合金硬度及耐磨性的影响,耐磨粒磨损实验结果表明其相对磨损系数是H25Cr3Mo2MnV堆焊合金的6～17倍,其中碳化物颗粒四周均匀分布的α-Fe等基体组织使其可承受较大的磨粒冲击而不脱落.     

原位生成CeB_6/B_4C陶瓷的力学性能和显微组织

通过B4C、CeO2和C的化学反应,采用原位生成法,在热压烧结的条件下制备了CeB6/B4C陶瓷材料.研究了CeB6/B4C陶瓷材料的力学性能和显微组织,并对其增韧机理进行了分析.结果表明:原位生成的CeB6/B4C陶瓷只有CeB6和B4C两相,其显微维氏硬度、抗弯强度、断裂韧性最大值分别达到40.64GPa、346.7MPa、5.95MPa·m1/2,比纯碳化硼分别提高了52.50%、17.96%、61.68%.原位生成的CeB6颗粒细晶增韧补强,B4C和CeB6颗粒之间热膨胀系数不匹配产生的残余应力导致的裂纹偏转以及沿晶断裂是CeB6/B4C陶瓷的主要增韧机制.     

稀土铈对热作模具钢TiN系离子镀涂层性能的改进

为了解决TiN涂层的膜/基结合力不够高和高温抗氧化性不足等问题,综合利用电弧离子镀和涂层合金化技术,在4Cr5MoV热作模具钢基体上制备了添加稀土元素Ce的TiN系涂层,测定了涂层的显微硬度、孔隙率、耐磨性及膜/基结合力,并做了恒温氧化试验和抗热震性试验,以研究稀土元素Ce对TiN,Ti(Al,V)N涂层的改性作用.试验结果表明,Ce的加入能提高涂层的耐磨性,显著提高涂层的膜/基结合力,使其高温抗氧化性和抗热震性明显改善,可大大提高4Cr5MoV钢涂层热作精密模具的使用寿命和使用效果.     

高能球磨法制备铜基电触头复合材料的研究

研究了高能球磨法在制备铜基电触头复合材料的工艺中对电触头的组织结构、力学性能和导电性能的影响,并对复合材料粉末中B4C颗粒的形貌、粒度以及在铜基体中的分布情况进行了研究.试验结果表明,高能球磨法对改变增强颗粒的形貌、改善增强颗粒体的分布均匀性非常有效,而且可以有效地提高触头材料的硬度和耐磨性.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

＂Three Transformations＂ and Standardization

During his inspection in Henan Province in May, Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed to ＂push forward the transformation from China Speed to China Quality, from Made in China to Created in China, and from Chinese Products to Chinese Brand＂. The ＂Three Transformations＂ are the specific requirements and goal of China＇s national development in the context that market should play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

SAC Delegation Visits AENOR and Signs Cooperation Agreements

正SAC Administrator Tian Shihong led the Chinese delegation to visit the Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification(AENOR)on September 15,2014.Mrs.Begona Cristeto,the Vice-Minister of Industry,Energy and Tourism of Spain,and Mr.Avelino Brito,the President and CEO of AENOR greeted the delegation.The two sides had a deep and friendly discussion on strengthening the cooperation between China and Spain in the standardization field and promoting the standardization work to support the development of economy and trade in the two countries.