有机蛭石/酚醛树脂熔融插层纳米复合材料的研究

用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵对膨胀蛭石进行了有机化处理,并用熔融法制备了有机蛭石/酚醛树脂插层纳米复合材料.通过XRD,AFM,TGA测试分析了所制备的复合材料的结构与热性能.结果表明:酚醛树脂能插层于蛭石片层中,制得的蛭石/酚醛树脂插层纳米复合材料的耐热性有了很大程度的提高.     

有机蛭石的制备与应用研究现状

从蛭石的晶体化学特征出发,在探讨蛭石有机改性原理的基础上,评述了有机蛭石的改性方法与特点,以及改性蛭石在环境保护和纳米复合材料方面的应用.蛭石层间阳离子的可交换特性是使有机阳离子插入到层间域的驱动力;采用胺盐和有机大分子可获得不同层间距的插层有机蛭石;有机改性蛭石可作为有机污染物的良好吸附剂,也是制备聚合物/蛭石纳米复合材料的前驱体.     

聚乳酸/蛭石纳米复合材料的原位聚合与性能研究

首次用原位聚合的方法制备了剥离型聚乳酸/蛭石纳米复合材料.以液态的单体丙交酯溶胀蛭石,然后引发单体进行聚合.XRD和TEM分析表明原位聚合法制备的纳米复合材料中蛭石片层完全剥离,分散与PLA基体中.用XRD和DSC分析和观察了聚乳酸/蛭石纳米复合材料基材的结晶性能,结果表明层状纳米蛭石聚乳酸的结晶度降低,球晶粒径大大降低.拉伸性能的考察表明制得的纳米复合材料的力学性能大大提高.     

氯丁橡胶/蒙脱石纳米复合材料的研制

以蒙脱石、氯丁橡胶为原料,采用聚合物溶液插层法研究了反应温度、时间和蒙脱石用量对制备氯丁橡胶/蒙脱石纳米复合材料的影响.以X-粉晶衍射法、透射电镜为手段研究了在氯丁橡胶基中有机蒙脱石的插层剥离行为及工艺条件.通过对样品进行分析表征,结果表明,在反应时间72h、温度65℃、蒙脱石含量为4%的条件下,可得到剥离型氯丁橡胶/蒙脱石纳米复合材料.经过混炼硫化,对改性橡胶的力学性能进行测试,结果表明,氯丁橡胶的邵尔A硬度、拉伸强度、定伸应力有明显提高.     

纳米有机蛭石/ 天然橡胶复合材料的制备及性能

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为插层剂, 用球磨法对蛭石进行了快速有机插层, 用过熔融共混法制备出纳米有机蛭石/ 天然橡胶复合材料。用XRD、SEM、TEM 对其微观结构进行了表征与分析, 证明蛭石以纳米片层分散在天然橡胶基体中。力学性能测试表明: 复合材料拉伸强度、扯断伸长率、300 %定伸强度、邵氏A 硬度、撕裂强度得到明显的改善。DMA、DSC 测试表明: 复合材料的模量具有明显的提高, 而玻璃化转变温度无明显变化。可见有机插层蛭石对天然橡胶的综合性能具有较明显的改善作用。      

熔融插层制备聚苯乙烯/蛭石纳米复合材料的结构与性能研究

通过熔融插层法制备了聚苯乙烯(PS)/蛭石纳米复合材料,测试了复合材料的力学性能、燃烧性能和熔体流动速率,并对不同蛭石含量的PS/蛭石纳米复合材料进行了对比。结果表明,当蛭石含量为3%时,与纯PS相比,熔体流动速率只降低了4%,即仍具有良好的加工性能,同时拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度分别提高了3.4%、77%和41%。氧指数测试结果表明,蛭石的加入有利于提高材料的阻燃性能。     

微波辅助原位聚合法制备聚乳酸/蛭石纳米复合材料

对蛭石(VMT)有机改性后,以丙交酯为单体,在催化剂存在的条件下采用微波辅助原位聚合法制备聚乳酸/蛭石(PLA/VMT)纳米复合材料。利用广角X射线粉末衍射法(WAXD)、傅立叶红外光谱法(FT-IR)以及差示扫描量热法(DSC)对材料进行了表征。对蛭石的添加量对材料的插层效果以及材料性能的影响进行了讨论。结果表明,在反应时间很短的情况下,蛭石即可以纳米尺寸分布在PLA中。随蛭石含量的不同,分别得到了剥离型和插层性PLA/VMT纳米复合材料。     

插层型蔗糖/蛭石纳米复合材料的制备

以蔗糖和蛭石为原料,在超声辅助条件下采用溶液插层法制备插层型蔗糖/蛭石纳米复合材料。X射线衍射（XRD）、红外光谱（FTIR）分析表明,蔗糖/蛭石复合物样品的d001值为1.852nm;样品的红外谱图中出现甲基和亚甲基特征峰2761cm-1和2969cm-1。将蔗糖/蛭石复合物在氮气氛下碳化后,样品的XRD（d001=1.247nm）和红外光谱结果（甲基和亚甲基特征峰2761cm-1和2969cm-1消失）表明,碳/蛭石复合材料层间夹有碳,进一步证实得到插层型蔗糖/蛭石复合材料。同时,确定了优化插层反应工艺条件,超声功率为400W,物料配比为蛭石：蔗糖=1：2.5,超声水化时间为0.5h,超声反应温度为70℃,反应时间为2.5h,静置时间2h。     

纳米蛭石改性聚丙烯薄膜的制备及其透氧性能研究

利用熔融插层法制备了纳米蛭石改性聚丙烯复合材料,测试研究了材料的结晶性能、力学性能、阻氧性能、阻湿性能和表面摩擦系数,并进行了分析。实验结果表明:添加了1%(质量分数)蛭石的改性聚丙烯材料中蛭石纳米级分散效果较好,阻氧性能得到了明显提高,与空白膜相比透氧量降低了12.89%。     

蛭石的改性——有机蛭石的碳化

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为有机试剂,通过溶液法将其插入蛭石层间,制得有机改性蛭石(O-Ver).使用X-粉晶衍射仪、差热分析仪研究蛭石、有机改性蛭石煅烧过程中的变化情况,确定碳化工艺,而后在一定条件下对O-Ver进行高温煅烧,使蛭石层间的CTAB碳化,制备碳夹层式的碳-蛭石复合材料.用所制得的碳-蛭石复合材料与天然橡胶复合制备天然橡胶/碳-蛭石复合材料.通过用高阻仪、氧指数测定仪分析测试,结果表明,天然橡胶/碳-蛭石复合材料的导电率增大,抗静电能力增强.因此,说明碳化的O-Ver改善了蛭石的电学性能,同时该材料较好地改进了橡胶的电学性能.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

＂Three Transformations＂ and Standardization

During his inspection in Henan Province in May, Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed to ＂push forward the transformation from China Speed to China Quality, from Made in China to Created in China, and from Chinese Products to Chinese Brand＂. The ＂Three Transformations＂ are the specific requirements and goal of China＇s national development in the context that market should play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

SAC Delegation Visits AENOR and Signs Cooperation Agreements

正SAC Administrator Tian Shihong led the Chinese delegation to visit the Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification(AENOR)on September 15,2014.Mrs.Begona Cristeto,the Vice-Minister of Industry,Energy and Tourism of Spain,and Mr.Avelino Brito,the President and CEO of AENOR greeted the delegation.The two sides had a deep and friendly discussion on strengthening the cooperation between China and Spain in the standardization field and promoting the standardization work to support the development of economy and trade in the two countries.