综采工作面“三机”配套设备如何选型

为了保证综采工作面投产后设备可靠运行,并满足生产要求,根据选型原则,对工作面“三机”（液压支架、采煤机、刮板运输机）设备进行配套选型计算,为综采工作面实现安全生产、高产高效目标打下良好的基础。     

综采工作面三机选型

阐述了综采工作面三机的选型,其选型首先必须考虑配套关系,选型正确先进、配套关系合理是提高综采工作面生产能力、实现高产高效的必要条件。在确定采煤机、液压支架、刮板输送机选型配套原则的基础上,针对高产高效综采工作面,为凌志达煤业15211采煤工作面做了三机配套。     

煤矿综采工作面三机配套技术研究

煤矿综采工作面的开采,必须选用配套的采煤机、液压支架和刮板输送机,不仅提高工作面的开采效率,更能促进工作面的安全开采。本文就综采工作面三机配套技术进行了研究,改进了煤矿综采工作面综合机械化采煤工艺,确保了矿井安全高效开采。     

浅谈液压支架在综采工作面中的功能与应用

作为综采工作面中的关键设备之一,液压支架因可与采煤机配套使用,且更加稳定、易于控制等优点,正广泛应用于移动快、产量高、工作环境复杂、工艺要求严格的现代综采工作面中。本文从液压支架在我国矿山生产中的应用现状出发,针对工作中的常见问题,提出了综采工作面应用液压支架时应注意的一些问题。     

浅谈综采工作面液压支架配套与采煤工艺的关系

文章通过对综采工作面液压支架配套与采煤工艺的关系进行分析,论述了液压支架综采工作面三种支护方式的特点,并探讨了对当前采煤工艺的革新方案。     

大倾角采煤工作面的防倒防滑管理

随着大倾角采煤工作面煤层倾角的增大,液压支架高度的增高,液压支架的倾倒倾向加大,沿工作面倾角方向下滑的倾向加大,同时,工作面输送机上窜、下滑的趋势也同样加大。因此,对于大倾角采煤工作面来说,考虑液压支架的防倒防滑以及输送机的防滑问题就显得尤为重要。从综采工作面的三机设备—液压支架、采煤机、输送机来看,其三者之间的相互关系都是以液压支架为基础的,只有液压支架站稳了才能拉住输送机不至于下滑,输送机相对稳定了,才能为采煤机提供一个稳定可靠的运行通道。鉴于以上相互关系,着重从液压支架的设计出发来综合考虑大倾角采煤工作面设备的防倒防滑措施。     

对2130煤矿改扩建后首采区“三机”设备选型的探讨

综合机械化开采技术在我国煤矿生产应用中已日臻成熟,而综采工作面设备的合理选型与配套是实现工作面高产、高效和安全生产的保障。根据2130煤矿1号、6号煤层的开采条件,对其采煤工作面的采煤机、刮板输送机、液压支架进行了选型与配套分析。     

对长距离工作面刮板输送机选型的研究

刮板输送机是煤矿综采工作面中必不可少的运输设备,是煤矿开采成套设备中工况最恶劣、负载情况最复杂的基础性关键设备,为了满足煤矿生产的各种需求,刮板输送机的系列设计可有多种配套机型,可与多种采煤机、液压支架等设备配套,以实现综采工作面的落煤、装煤、运煤、支护和工作面的连续作业等。本文主要从刮板输送机的水平弯曲段几何参数,运行阻力,电机功率等的计算,对对长距离工作面刮板输送机选型进行了研究,延长了采掘面的服务周期,缓解了采掘抽接替紧张的老大难题,有效减少了设备来回搬家倒面的次数。     

浅析大倾角双坡度条件下薄煤层综机开采技术

浅析薄煤层综采工作面的地质构造情况、三机配套适应的问题、液压支架和刮板输送机下滑解决方法，以及采煤方法与煤机行走和导向装置损坏的解决方法。     

大倾角综采工作面设备安装技术探析

随着科学技术的发展,综采装备的不断进步,综采工作面生产效率和单产的日益提高,特别是80年代以来国内外综采技术和装备的迅速发展,高产高效综采工作面日益增多。大倾角综采工作面液压支架和采煤机的安装是对安装工艺的新挑战。本文重点阐述了大倾角综采工作面设备的安装技术,主要包括安装支架的技术以及安装采煤机的技术,实现了快速和安全安装综采工作面的目的。     

CFD investigation on dust dispersion pollution of down/upwind coal cutting and relevant countermeasures for spraying dustfall in fully mechanized mining face

To explore the effects of downwind and upwind coal cutting on dust pollution in a fully mechanized mining face, the airflow-dust migration was simulated by using ANSYS-FLUENT software, and the follow-up spraying dust control method was optimized according to the differences in dust concentration distribution during downwind and upwind coal cutting. The results show that during downwind and upwind coal cutting, the average airflow velocity of the fully mechanized mining face is about 1.053 m/s. During downwind coal cutting, the dust generated by the shearer mainly pollutes the mining area and the area within 0–50 m on its downwind side, while the dust generated by the advancing support mainly pollutes the mining area and the sidewalk area within 0–20 m on the downwind side of shearer. During upwind coal cutting, the dust generated by the shearer mainly pollutes the vicinity of the drum and the area within 0–45 m on its downwind side, while the dust generated by the advancing support mainly pollutes the sidewalk area within 0–30 m on the downwind side of shearer. In view of the differences in dust concentration during downwind and upwind coal cutting, the dust concentration in the working face was divided into four areas and the follow-up spraying dust control method was optimized. The field measurement results indicate that compared with the original spraying facility, the optimized opening mode raises the average dust removal rates of total dust and respirable dust in the working face by 52.1% and 43.8% during downwind coal cutting and by 53.6% and 42.3% during upward coal cutting.     

基于数字孪生的复杂矿用设备预测性维护系统

针对恶劣工况环境下复杂矿用设备状态监测与预测性维护困难等问题,结合状态监测、故障预警和预测维护等多种综合建模与分析预测技术,提出了一种基于数字孪生的预测性维护系统。首先,介绍了复杂矿用设备数字孪生体的设计流程与构建原理,并在搭建数字孪生体的过程中实现了预测性维护系统的功能;然后,研究了基于LabVIEW、MySQL和Unity3D的状态数据获取方法,利用Unity3D开发引擎搭建了三维可视化复杂矿用设备状态监测平台,并通过虚拟空间可视化展示设备当前状态;最后,分析了优化BP（back propagation,反向传播）神经网络在复杂矿用设备故障预警中的适用性,同时利用MATLAB软件建立了复杂矿用设备关键零部件的预测性维护模型,并将预警结果通过MySQL数据库传输至Unity3D开发引擎,以驱动和部署预设维护流程,实现设备状态实时监测下的关键零部件故障预警。根据采煤机液压系统的实际维修流程,制定了混合现实（mixed reality, MR）预测性维护策略,并以采煤机摇臂部液压柱塞泵为实验对象开展有效性验证。结果表明,所构建的预测性维护系统的故障预测准确率高于90%,且故障预警结果可驱动HoloLens眼镜实现虚拟指导的维修交互,验证了该系统预测性维护功能的有效性。研究结果可为复杂矿用设备的预测性维护提供新思路。     

基于采煤机运行轨迹的刮板输送机竖直面形态解算方法

针对在综采工作面底板不平整的复合工况条件下,刮板输送机竖直面形态检测时需布置大量传感器,导致测量困难及精度不高的问题,利用捷联惯导系统,提出了一种基于采煤机运行轨迹的刮板输送机竖直面形态解算方法。首先,利用等效旋转矢量法解算捷联惯导系统的信息以得到采煤机运动轨迹;其次,对采煤机与刮板输送机中部槽的实时形状耦合关系进行研究,建立了基于采煤机运行轨迹的刮板输送机竖直面形态解算模型,测量刮板输送机初始位置处4~6节中部槽的俯仰角作为先验信息,再滚动计算出采煤机运行过程中所经过各节中部槽的俯仰角,从而获得工作面刮板输送机竖直面的形态;最后,搭建了采煤机与刮板输送机联合模拟实验平台进行实验验证。实验结果表明：刮板输送机模型的解算形态与实际形态的误差小于15 mm,满足实际工作要求的检测精度。利用该解算方法可以实时准确地掌握刮板输送机竖直面的形态变化,避免刮板输送机因弯曲角度过大而损坏,保证刮板输送机正常工作,同时可为采煤机下滚筒的调高提供信息,保证综采工作面的平整性。     

Vertical plane shape calculation method of scraper conveyor based on running track of shearer

In view of the complex condition of unevenness in the fully mechanized coal mining face, a large number of sensors need to be arranged in the shape detection for the vertical plane of the scraper conveyor, which leads to the problem of difficult measurement and low precision. A method of calculating the vertical plane shape of the scraper conveyor based on the running track of the shearer is put forward by using strapdown inertial navigation system. Firstly, the shearer trajectory was obtained by solving the information of strapdown inertial navigation system using the equivalent rotation vector method. Secondly, the real time shape coupling relationship between the shearer and the middle trough of scraper conveyor was studied, and the vertical plane shape solving model of the scraper conveyor based on the running track of shearer was established. By measuring the pitch angles of the middle troughs of the 4~6 sections at the initial position of the scraper conveyor as the priori information, the pitch angles of the middle troughs of each section in the running process of the shearer could be calculated in a rolling manner, thus the vertical plane shape of the scraper conveyor in the working face was obtained. Finally, a joint simulation experiment platform for shearer and scraper conveyor was built to verify the experiment. The experimental results showed that the error between the scraper conveyor model's solution shape and the actual shape was less than 15 mm, which met the detection accuracy of the actual work requirements. The use of the calculation method can accurately grasp the shape change of the scraper conveyor in real time, avoid the damage of the scraper conveyor due to the excessive bending angle, and make the scraper conveyor work normally. It can provide information for the height adjustment of the lower drum of the shearer, and ensure the smoothness of the fully mechanized coal mining face.     

综采工作面输送机稳定性控制技术

综采工作面的布置由于受地质构造及开切眼倾角等因素所限,工作面开切眼的布置往往与上、下巷不能垂直布置,存在～个角度,即伪斜角。根据经验,伪斜角一般设计为切眼坡度角（真倾角）的1／3～1／5间。实践证明：开切眼坡度角小于15°的综采工作面伪斜较易调整与掌握,但当工作面切眼坡度角大于10°时,（受采煤机结构、爬坡性能、防滑方式及机身材质所限,一般不超过25°）,工作面的实际伪斜较难掌握。生产中实际伪斜还受所用液压支架及其连接方式的影响,因而伪斜是～个较复杂、技术性较强的数值,一般通过上、下两巷推进度之差显示。     

煤矿综采面安全生产评价研究

[摘要]矿井事故高发区域是煤矿综采工作面,煤矿环境的特殊在很大程度上增加了确保安全生产的难度系数,矿井生产具有其他行业所不具有的特殊性、复杂性以及多变性,其中发生率较高的矿井事故类型有透水、煤炭自燃、瓦斯或煤尘爆炸以及职业病等。本文首先介绍了综采工作面常见事故类型,其次阐述了构建煤矿综采面安全生产评价指标体系应遵循的原则,最后对确定综采工作面安全生产评价指标权值加以探讨。     

Research on mine dust suppression by spraying: Development of an air-assisted PM10 control device based on CFD technology

In order to solve the serious pollution problem of PM10 in a fully mechanized mining face, focusing on the drum cutting process which produces the most dust, a new type of shearer sprayer is developed in the paper. At present, it is difficult for a single spray device to meet the dust control demands of a mine. Therefore, in combination with the airflow-carrying-droplet mechanism, a fan is added to the shearer’s spray device to develop an air-assisted PM10 control device. A No. III nozzle is optimally chosen following the spray experiments, and CFD software is used for a numerical simulation of the 4307 fully mechanized mining face of the Bailu Coal Mine. According to the airflow and spraying field distribution, it is observed that when the spray device’s pressure is 8 MPa, the spraying field’s microscopic parameters are more conducive to the settling of PM10 by the mist droplets. The PM10 data measured at 1^#-3^# measuring points of the 4307 fully mechanized mining face of the Bailu Coal Mine have shown that the best PM10 settling effect is at a spraying pressure of 8 MPa. The PM10 concentrations at 1#-3# measure points were reduced to 0.987 mg/m³, 0.405 mg/m³ and 0.262 mg/m³ respectively, with the dust control rate being above 90%. Thus the serious PM10 pollution problem in a fully mechanized mining face has been solved effectively.     

浅埋深两硬条件下特厚煤层综放开采技术

针对平朔矿区4号煤层条件,采用理论分析方法研究了浅埋深两硬条件下4号煤层顶煤的冒放性及合理采煤方法。以提高顶煤冒放性为目标,采用数值模拟的方法进行了综放工作面参数及设备选型配套研究。实践表明,浅埋深两硬煤层条件下通过加大综放工作面长度与割煤高度,可以实现安全、高效、高回收率开采。     

The Recent Technological Development of Intelligent Mining in China

In the last five years, China has seen the technological development of intelligent mining and the application of the longwall automation technology developed by the Longwall Automation Steering Committee. This paper summarizes this great achievement, which occurred during the 12th Five-Year Plan (2011–2015), and which included the development of a set of intelligent equipment for hydraulic-powered supports, information transfers, dynamic decision-making, performance coordination, and the achievement of a high level of reliability despite difficult conditions. Within China, the intelligent system of a set of hydraulic-powered supports was completed, with our own intellectual property rights. An intelligent mining model was developed that permitted unmanned operation and single-person inspection on the work face. With these technologies, the number of miners on the work face can now be significantly reduced. Miners are only required to monitor mining machines on the roadway or at the surface control center, since intelligent mining can be applied to extract middle-thick or thick coal seams. As a result, miners’ safety has been improved. Finally, this paper discusses the prospects and challenges of intelligent mining over the next ten years.     

基于虚拟现实技术的非物质化遗产数字化创新研究

目的 探究虚拟现实技术应用于非物质文化遗产数字化保护与传承的方法框架与关键性设计因子,助力非遗数字化创新。方法 将非遗不依赖物质文化而存在的活态特征与虚拟现实技术的沉浸感、想象性和交互性等特征相结合,提出以虚拟现实游戏为载体作为非遗以人为核心的技艺、经验、精神价值传播的数字化创新路径。基于游戏元素四分法,在现有游戏设计模型和用户体验要素模型的基础上,探索设计流程与方法框架。基于评估的方法开展实验,通过因子分析法提取影响虚拟现实游戏体验的关键性因子。结果 从前期文化调研、非遗游戏定位、内容与机制设计、界面设计4个方面,构建了非遗虚拟现实游戏设计流程与方法框架。提出了包括真实性、游戏性、可用性和情感在内的影响虚拟现实游戏用户体验的要素,并提出了相应的设计策略。在方法框架与关键性因子的设计策略指导下,对内蒙古非物质文化遗产——达斡尔曲棍球开展虚拟现实游戏设计与开发,验证了方法的可行性。结论 虚拟现实游戏为非遗数字化带来了沉浸感、想象性和交互性体验,是非遗数字化创新的重要路径之一。