燃烧法制备氧化物纳米材料的研究进展

燃烧法是制备氧化物纳米材料的一种新方法，其中，气相燃烧法、燃烧火焰—化学气相凝聚法已经实现了工业化生产；而一些新的工艺方法，如低温燃烧合成法、喷雾燃烧法、电控火焰合成法在刺备纳米材料上也各有优缺点；燃烧法与其他技术的结合也在研究开发阶段。详细阐述了燃烧法的最新研究进展。     

气相燃烧法制备纳米材料的研究进展

纳米材料的气相燃烧合成一般是指利用气体燃料燃烧提供高温,通过物理或者化学过程从气溶胶中获得纳米材料的过程。气相燃烧法可以制备不同结构的纳米材料,具有过程连续、易于规模化、无后处理、低成本等优点,是纳米材料制备最具工业化潜力的方法之一。气相燃烧制备纳米材料涉及快速高温反应和产物单体成核、生长、凝并、团聚等过程,这些过程互相关联、交互影响;纳米材料制备过程中材料结构调控及材料生长机理成为近年来国内外的研究重点。主要介绍了气相燃烧反应器结构、材料制备、结构调控、应用性能和工业生产等方面的研究进展,并对其前景进行了展望。     

微波合成无机纳米材料的研究进展

微波加热作为一种合成纳米材料的新方法，近年来得到飞速发展。介绍了微波加热原理，阐述了微波合成无机纳米材料的一些研究进展，主要是液相微波加热在制备金属氧化物和金属硫化物纳米材料以及微波烧结在合成陶瓷材料的应用，并对该领域未来作了一些展望。     

直接氧化法制备准一维氧化物纳米材料的研究进展

准一维氧化物纳米材料因其独特的光学性能、电学性能及几何结构而成为当前纳米材料研究领域的热点和重点.论述了直接氧化法制备准一维氧化物纳米材料原理,着重介绍了这一方法在准一维氧化物纳米材料制备中的应用,并对其前景作了简要的展望.     

微波辅助离子液体法在无机纳米材料合成中的应用

作为一种新型的绿色化学合成方法,微波辅助离子液体法,融合了离子液体与微波加热法的优点.简要介绍了微波加热和加速化学反应的原理,总结了微波辅助离子液体法合成无机纳米材料的特点,综述了微波辅助离子液体法在无机纳米材料合成中的应用,展望了该方法在无机纳米材料合成方面的应用前景.     

微波法制备光催化纳米材料的应用及其性质研究

微波法作为纳米材料合成的一种新策略,不仅具有加热均匀、反应速度快,而且还具有高灵敏和高选择性等特点。因此,首先简要介绍了微波理论和微波加热机理,然后总结了单一催化材料、不同元素的掺杂材料以及构建纳米复合材料的微波合成策略,并剖析了微波法对催化剂的微观结构以及结晶度的影响,为高效、低能耗合成具有高性能的半导体光催化剂提供新思路。最后,本文也提出了微波合成光催化材料在实际应用中所面临挑战以及未来发展的前景。     

稀土氧化物纳米材料制备的研究进展

稀土氧化物纳米材料的合成与制备近年来已成为国内外学者研究的一个热点。本文介绍了国内外稀土氧化物纳米材料制备及合成方法的研究进展,并对稀土氧化物纳米材料的制备方法进行了分类。同时,综合比较了各自的优点和缺点,并对各种制备方法在各个领域的应用前景进行了一定的展望。     

燃烧法制备富勒烯研究进展

详细概述了燃烧法形成富勒烯的机理和碳氧比、燃烧炉内压力、稀释气体种类、火焰离燃烧喷嘴的距离、燃烧气体流速、火焰温度等对富勒烯产率的影响.     

机械球磨法制备纳米材料的研究进展

综述了机械球磨法制备纳米结构材料及其性能研究的最新研究进展。     

超声化学法制备无机纳米材料的研究进展

由于纳米材料具有许多不同于本体材料的优良性能,因此纳米材料的制备与应用是近年来材料科学研究的热点。超声化学法是一种制备特异性能纳米材料的有效途径。超声波对反应体系的作用主要表现在:利用超声能量进行分散,利用空化过程进行高温分解,利用剪切破碎机理对颗粒尺寸进行控制,利用机械搅动影响沉淀的形成过程。本文中介绍了超声化学法制备纳米材料的原理,并详细介绍了超声化学法在制备纳米金属及合金、纳米金属氧化物及其它纳米金属化合物方面的应用。     

无机纳米材料填充混合基质反渗透膜的研究进展

反渗透是一种以渗透压为推动力,从溶液中分离出溶剂的操作,以能耗低、成本低和环境友好等优势成为了脱盐领域的主流技术,主导着全球海水/苦咸水淡化市场.作为反渗透的核心,反渗透膜仍然存在着水通量、截盐率难以满足日益提升的需求和耐久性不足的问题.以无机纳米材料为基础的混合基质反渗透膜的发展为解决这一难题注入了新的活力,已有较多...     

Flash synthesis of flower-like ZnO nanostructures by microwave-induced combustion process

Flower-like ZnO particles were fabricated from zinc nitrate and urea via the microwave-induced combustion technique (MICT). The structure and morphology of the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The effects of growth conditions such as microwave power, radiation time, and molar ratio of urea/Zn²⁺ were investigated. Results show that the morphologies and particle sizes of the final products depend on the molar ratio of urea/Zn²⁺. The SEM images of ZnO flowers grown in different periods were employed to explain the formation mechanism. This study provides a simple and efficient approach for synthesizing flower-like ZnO heterostructures.     

Recent progress in hydrothermal synthesis of zinc oxide nanomaterials

Hydrothermal synthesis is of considerable interest due to its low cost, simplicity and relatively low growth temperature (typically below 200 °C). Since the synthesis is performed in aqueous solutions (no organic solvents), it can also be safe and environmentally friendly (depending on precursor chemicals). Consequently, it has been a subject of intense research in recent years. In this article, we review recent progress in hydrothermal synthesis of zinc oxide nanomaterials, with focus on practical relevance for a variety of applications.     

新型氧化铁纳米材料的研究进展

氧化铁纳米材料具有不同的形貌和结构,包括纳米颗粒、纳米棒、纳米带和纳米薄膜等.它们优异的物理和化学性质在众多领域内显示出广阔的应用前景,如催化、磁性材料和生物医学等领域.制备具有新颖形貌和结构的氧化铁纳米材料及其应用研究已经成为纳米材料领域的研究前沿和热点之一.本文综述了新型氧化铁纳米材料的制备、结构以及应用的研究进展,探讨了该研究领域亟待解决的问题以及今后可能的发展前景.     

改性壳聚糖磁性纳米材料的研究进展

将壳聚糖改性与磁性材料复合制备得到的改性壳聚糖磁性纳米材料,保留了壳聚糖与金属离子极强螯合能力的特性,并具备较好的再生性,极大扩展了壳聚糖的应用前景.本论文重点介绍了改性壳聚糖磁性纳米材料的制备方法,以及在废水处理、活性物质的固定化、医药医疗等应用领域的最新研究与应用进展,以期对壳聚糖资源的开发利用提供一定的理论支撑.     

无机天线罩材料研究进展

对高马赫数导弹天线罩材料的性能要求进行了评述，综述了国外天线罩材料的研究进展，特别是重点介绍了美国等军事强国近年来研制的天线罩材料的温度、强度、介电特性以及工艺性能。分析了我国在该领域的研究现状，并提出了今后的发展方向。     

钛酸钡基纳米材料的压电催化性能研究进展

社会快速发展带来巨大经济效益的同时,也带来了一系列生态环境问题,如水污染、大气污染和污染物排放。催化降解被认为是处理各种污染的一种有效策略,相对于传统的光催化,压电催化是近几年提出的一种全新的催化方式。通过压电催化将机械能转化为化学能是解决当前水污染难题的一个有效手段,大量的压电材料被应用于压电催化降解的研究,其中BaTiO₃基纳米粉体作为一种典型的压电材料,因具有成本低、压电活性强等优点,引起了研究者的广泛关注。本文首先对压电催化的理论和起源进行了概述,列举了一些常用的压电催化材料并针对其压电催化应用进行举例。围绕BaTiO₃介绍了其基本结构、纳米BaTiO₃粉体的常用制备方法和在压电催化领域的应用及一些典型的改性方法。最后对BaTiO₃基纳米粉体在压电催化领域的未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

Novel microwave-induced combustion synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles for selective sensing of CO using tin chloride

A novel technique of chloride solution combustion synthesis (CSCS) is employed for preparation of SnO2 nanoparticles, using SnCl4 and sorbitol as a novel precursor and a fuel, respectively. Ammonium nitrate is also used as a combustion aid. The solution combustion synthesis is a single-step and simple method for nanoparticles synthesis. However, it commonly uses nitrate precursors. In this study tin chloride is used in CSCS method for the first time, employing ammonium nitrate as a combustion aid. The nanoparticles are characterized by means of XRD, SEM, EDS and BET and applied in sensing of carbon monoxide and methane. The molar ratio of fuel plus oxidant to SnCl4 (psi) and the ratio of fuel-to-oxidant (phi) were varied in the modified CSCS technique. The smallest nanoparticles size, i.e., 3.9 nm with 220 m2 x g(-1) obtained at phi = 1 and psi = 1. The sensor fabricated based on the SnO2 nanoparticles obtained by CSCS method shows 2-3 times higher sensitivity to CO than the one obtained by the conventional sol-gel method. The CSCS sensors show high sensitivity to CO at temperatures lower than 300 degrees C, at which insignificant sensitivity to methane is observed. This makes the sensor selective to CO in presence of methane.     

Simple synthesis of MoS2 inorganic fullerene-like nanomaterials from MoS2 amorphous nanoparticles

The amorphous MoS₂ nanoparticles have been synthesized by a simple oxidation–reduction reaction in an aqueous solution. A series of products with different morphologies, such as MoS₂ nanospheres, inorganic fullerene-like nanospheres, nanorods and Mo bended rods, can be obtained by annealing the amorphous MoS₂ nanoparticles under N₂ atmosphere under 400–1200 °C. These products have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electronic microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy in detail. The possible transformation mechanism for the structure has been discussed based on the experimental results. In addition, the optical properties of IF-MoS₂ have also been performed by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy.     

Recent progress in synthesis,properties and potential applications of SiC nanomaterials

As nanotechnology rapidly advanced over the past decades, a variety of nanomaterials have been developed and studied. Among them, SiC nanomaterials have recently attracted increasing attention for their demonstrated unique chemical and physical properties as well as wide potential applications. This article provides a comprehensive review of the recent progress on the synthesis, novel properties, and applications of SiC nanomaterials. It begins with the introduction of various techniques used for the rational design and synthesis of SiC nanomaterials, with an emphasis on vapor-based and solution-based methods. Discussion is then made on the mechanical, luminescent, electrical, thermal, and wetting properties of SiC nanomaterials as well as the characterizations that reveal them. Thereafter, various intriguing applications particularly in composites, field emitters, field effect transistors, sensors, nanoelectromechanical devices, catalyst, supercapacitors, bioimaging probes and microwave absorbers are highlighted. Finally, this review is concluded with an outlook of future research on SiC nanomaterials, major challenges to be met and possible solutions.