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1.
通过静电纺丝法制备出聚己内酯(PCL)超细纤维膜,并采用热处理方法使纤维间粘接。用扫描电镜、红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪对热处理前后聚己内酯超细纤维进行表征,并进行了拉伸测试。结果表明,在55℃对电纺聚己内酯超细纤维热处理30min、60min后,纤维间有明显的粘接,热处理没有改变电纺聚己内酯超细纤维的分子结构和晶型,热处理后纤维的结晶度提高,纤维膜的力学性能有明显改善。  相似文献   

2.
采用熔融静电纺丝技术制备聚丙烯(PP)超细纤维,运用高速摄影技术记录了PP熔融纺丝液在高压静电场力作用下拉伸成丝的整个过程,并借助扫描电子显微镜( SEM)对不同静电压条件下所制备的PP超细纤维进行表征.实验表明,熔融静电纺射流运里大致可以分为稳定直线、分裂鞭动和沉积3个阶段.随静电压的增加,纺丝射流速度以及射流稳定直线运动区域增加,所制备纤维直径明显降低.  相似文献   

3.
采用熔融静电纺丝法制备了聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)超细纤维膜,应用正交试验分析了纺丝主要工艺参数对熔融电纺PET超细纤维直径的影响。实验表明,在本实验装置条件下可实现熔融电纺工艺的有效调控,纤维直径随着纺丝电压的升高呈现下降的趋势;纤维随接收距离的增加和熔体温度的上升均表现为先变细后变粗;喂料气压的增加会增大纤维直径;提高纺丝环境温度至聚合物的玻璃化转变温度,纤维平均直径明显下降。在最佳纺丝工艺条件下(纺丝电压27 kV,接收距离7 cm,熔体温度255℃,环境温度70℃,依靠聚合物自重喂给)制备的PET超细纤维均直径小于1μm。  相似文献   

4.
《纳米科技》2005,2(3):62-62
能够生产超细纤维的技术包括:用热气流拉伸的方法即熟知的熔喷法制造出的纤维在1000~2000纳米;海岛法能得到微米级纤维;静电纺丝法可以得到50~1000纳米的纤维,静电纺丝是得到纳米纤维最重要的基本方法。这一技术的核心是使带电荷的高分子溶液或熔体在静电场中流动与变形,然后经溶剂蒸发或熔体冷却而固化,于是得到纤维化物质。因此这一过程又称静电纺丝,或简称电纺。  相似文献   

5.
本文采用熔融静电纺制备聚己内酯(PCL)自粘结超细纤维膜,并对其进行恒温后处理。探讨了主要纺丝工艺参数对PCL纤维直径、纤维间粘结程度(粘结形式、粘结点数目及其分布)的影响以及恒温后处理温度对纤维形貌及热学性质的影响。实验表明,较高的电压与适中的接收距离有利于形成直径较小且粘结度较高的纤维;升高纺丝环境温度,有利于纤维直径的减小及粘结度的增加,但温度过高则无法成纤;喂料气压的增加虽使纤维直径变大,但纤维间粘结度有增加趋势;随着恒温后处理温度的提高,纤维直径基本不变,纤维膜结晶度和粘结点均有所增加。通过纺丝过程工艺与恒温后处理的调控实现自粘结超细纤维的可控制备有望成为增强电纺纤维膜的一种重要手段。  相似文献   

6.
首先利用静电纺丝法制备了热塑性聚酯弹性体(TPEE)纳米纤维.用扫描电镜(SEM)对纤维的形貌进行了表征,纤维的直径为300~600nm,讨论了纺丝液浓度和纺丝距离对纤维形貌产生的影响.然后在一定的负电压下制备了聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)和聚左旋乳酸(PLLA)电纺纳米纤维,发现PBT和PLLA均具有良好的负极可纺...  相似文献   

7.
为了改善静电纺再生丝素蛋白(SF)纤维膜的力学性能,通过静电纺丝技术制备丝素蛋白(SF)/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)复合超细纤维膜。通过对用甲醇处理后的具有不同共混比例的超细纤维膜进行FE-SEM、FTIR、XRD和DSC观察测试,分析比较了不同共混比例的复合超细纤维膜的形貌、结构,并进行力学性能测试。结果表明:随着聚丁二酸丁二醇酯共混质量比的增加,复合超细纤维的平均直径从289 nm增大到425 nm;复合超细纤维的结晶性能随之提高;复合超细纤维膜的拉伸破坏应力先减小后增大,拉伸破坏应变逐渐增加;当共混质量比为50/50时,复合超细纤维膜表现出良好的力学性能,拉伸破坏应力接近于16 MPa,破坏应变达到50%。聚丁二酸丁二醇酯可有效调控丝素蛋白超细纤维膜的形貌、结构和力学性能。  相似文献   

8.
通过在棉纤维素溶液中加入聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)与聚乙烯醇(PVA)改善纤维素纺丝液的可纺性,针对纤维素电纺难的问题提供一种解决方法。在使用PVA与PVDF促进纤维素纺丝液可纺性持续提升的过程中,成功得到了形貌良好、表面光滑的超细纤维。随着PVA的引入,多组分超细纤维膜的亲水性也得到了明显提高,电纺膜的接触角从139.3°降低至93.9°。  相似文献   

9.
采用静电纺丝的方法制备出聚环氧乙烯超细纤维。通过场发射环境扫描电子显微镜(ESEM)对超细纤维的形貌及直径分布进行了表征。研究了纺丝过程中溶液浓度、不同溶剂和射流长度三个参数对纤维形态的影响。研究结果表明,水溶液的浓度对得到连续的超细纤维起决定性作用。在电纺丝的工艺参数中,混合溶液的性质对纤维的形态和直径分布影响很大;对于不同的溶液体系也要采取不同的射流长度。  相似文献   

10.
静电纺丝是一种使高聚物熔体或溶液在外加静电场作用下形成射流,制备聚合物超细纤维的有效方法。它涉及到高分子科学、应用物理学、流体力学、电工学、化学工程、材料工程和流变学等。纺丝参数如电场强度、射流所带电荷、环境湿度等都影响静电纺丝过程。以聚环氧乙烷(PEO)的静电纺丝为例,研究了静电纺丝过程中环境湿度、溶液浓度、电解质浓度和流体静压力对纺丝过程中电流和电压关系的影响。研究结果表明:环境湿度对静电纺丝的电流电压行为没有明显的影响;但是盐的加入对电流电压行为影响很大;当纺丝时液面高度相同时,电流随着电压线性增大。  相似文献   

11.
The aim of this study was to evaluate flexural properties of glass fiber-reinforced composites with a multiphase biopolymer matrix. Continuous unidirectional E-glass fibers were preimpregnated with a novel biopolymer of poly(hydroxyproline) amide and ester. The preimpregnated fibers were then further impregnated in a co-monomer system of Bis-GMA-TEGDMA, which formed semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPN) with the preimpregnated polymer. After light initiated polymerization of the monomer system, rectangular shaped bar specimens (n = 4) were tested by the three-point bending test. The control material was a fiber-reinforced composite with a Bis-GMA-TEDGMA-matrix only. The mean flexural strength of poly(hydroxyproline) amide preimpregnated fiber composite was higher than that of the control (FS = 888 vs. 805 MPa). The poly(hydroxyproline) ester preimpregnated fibers resulted in lower strength (FS = 541 MPa). The results of this study suggest that preimpregnation of glass fibers with poly(hydroxyproline) amide and the use of such fibers in fiber-reinforced composites with IPN polymer matrices, can reach relatively high mechanical properties.  相似文献   

12.
In this study we investigated the influence of electrospun polymer fibers on the properties of a α-tricalcium phosphate/gelatin biomimetic cement. To this aim, we added different amounts of poly(L-lactic acid) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) fibers to the cement composition. Fibers enrichment provoked a significant reduction of both initial and final setting times. Moreover electrospun polymer fibers slowed down the conversion of α-tricalcium phosphate into calcium deficient hydroxyapatite. As a result, the final cements were more compact than the control cement, because of the smaller crystal dimensions and reduced crystallinity of the apatitic phase. The compressive strength, σ(b), and Young's modulus, E, of the control cement decreased significantly after 40 days soaking in physiological solution, whereas the more compact microstructure enabled fiber reinforced cements to maintain their mechanical properties in the long term.  相似文献   

13.
In this report, we demonstrate a novel way to tune the fluorescence property of electrospun conjugated polymer fibers. The basic strategy is to use a soluble precursor polymer with gold nanoparticles for electrospinning, which is then cross-linked by applying potential cycles in an electrochemical cell. Electroactive carbazole units in electrospun precursor polymer fibers were converted to conjugated polymer fibers. Since the conjugated polymer fibers can be formed, the fluorescence from the conjugated polymer fibers can be tuned by the rate of the conversion and doping of the fibers. Furthermore, the quenching of the fluorescence, which overlaps with the plasmon band of the gold nanoparticles, was observed. The quenching of the fluorescence properties of the fibers was dependent on the amount of gold nanoparticles inside the fibers.  相似文献   

14.
Nanotube fibers with diameters ranging between 10 and 100 microns were produced by a simple spinning process. These fibers were studied by x-ray scattering--a technique that allows good visualization of the composition as well as the alignment of the constituents. The fibers were found to be composed of bundles of single wall carbon nanotubes, poly(vinyl alcohol) polymer chains, graphitic objects, and Ni-based particles. The nanotubes and poly(vinyl alcohol) chains were preferentially oriented along the fiber axis.  相似文献   

15.
We have studied the thermal diffusivity of a series of polymer composites based on poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenyleneoxide) (PDPO) and filled with copper and aluminum powders, SiC and TiO2 whiskers, and comminuted carbon, poly(amidobenzimidazole) (PABI), and glass fibers. An increase in the thermal diffusivity of PDPO upon the introduction of a filler is explained by the formation of boundary layers in the polymer matrix near the filler particles, where the polymer molecules are oriented parallel to the particle surface. The boundary layer thickness varies from 1 to 60 μm, depending on the filler type. It is established that the thermal diffusivity of the composite exponentially decreases with increasing mean distance between particles of the filler.  相似文献   

16.
Single pristine poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning. The fibers were characterized by fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and polarized fluorescence spectra. The results indicated that the fibers were stretched and oriented toward to rollup direction during the electrospinning process and PPV polymer molecules were oriented with their conjugated backbones along the PPV fiber direction. The parallel array of countable PPV nanofibers was assembled into a photoconductor device. The device shows much higher sensitivity to photo detection than device with PPV film, indicating efficient carrier transport in the well-oriented polymer fibers. This facile, easily operated method for the fabrication of well-oriented fibers indicates its potential application in optoelectronic devices.  相似文献   

17.
Electrospun poly(methyl methacrylate) nanofibers and microparticles   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Electrospinning at relatively low polymer concentrations results in particles rather than fibers. This particle-formation process can be termed as electrospray. So electrospinning/electrospray is a highly versatile method to process fibers and particles with different morphologies. In this work, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) micro- and nanostructures with different morphologies (fibers, spheres, cup-like, and ring-like) have been produced by a facile electrospinning/electrospray method. PMMA was electrospun into various morphologies from only DMF without any other solvents. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images demonstrate the different morphologies and prove this technique to be an effective method for obtaining morphology-controllable polymer materials by changing the processing parameters. These micro- and nanostructured polymer materials may find applications in drug delivery and filtration media.  相似文献   

18.
The combined use of two techniques namely electrospray and spinning is made use in a highly versatile technique called electrospinning, which produces the diameter of polymer fibers range from nanometer to sub-micron. In this work, we have studied effects of adding LiCl on the morphology and diameter of electrospun poly(ethylene oxide), and we have also evaluated systematically the effect of three important solution parameters on the morphology of electrospun poly(ethylene oxide): molecular weight, solution viscosity and electrical conductivity. We find that molecular weight is strongly correlated with the formation of bead defects in the fibers, the smaller molecular weight, the more beads defect density. As a result, the fibers have beads-in-string structures. Electrical conductivity increases, then decreases as molecular weight increases. Solution viscosity has been found to most strongly affect fiber size, with fibers diameter increasing with increasing solution viscosity according to a power law relationship. In addition, we find evidence that solution viscosity and electrical conductivity affect the interesting morphology of the electrospun nanofibers, and result in doubling and forming membrances phenomena.  相似文献   

19.
同轴共纺技术制备聚苯乙烯中空亚微米纤维   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用同轴静电纺丝技术制备出壳层为聚苯乙烯(PS),芯层为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的壳-芯结构复合纤维,通过除去芯层PVP,成功地制备出了PS中空亚微米纤维。并对其进行了TEM、SEM测试。结果表明,纺丝过程中内、外液流速比值K直接影响着复合泰勒锥的形成及复合纤维的微观形态,且复合纤维平均直径随K值的增大而减小。  相似文献   

20.
In this study, we investigated the effect of polymer type, composition, and interface on the structural and mechanical properties of core–sheath type bicomponent nonwoven fibers. These fibers were produced using poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polyethylene (PET/PE), polyamide 6/polyethylene (PA6/PE), polyamide 6/polypropylene (PA6/PP), polypropylene/polyethylene (PP/PE) polymer configurations at varying compositions. The crystallinity, crystalline structure, and thermal behavior of each component in bicomponent fibers were studied and compared with their homocomponent counterparts. We found that the fiber structure of the core component was enhanced in PET/PE, PA6/PE, and PA6/PP whereas that of the sheath component was degraded in all polymer combinations compared to corresponding single component fibers. The degrees of these changes were also shown to be composition dependent. These results were attributed to the mutual interaction between two components and its effect on the thermal and stress histories experienced by polymers during bicomponent fiber spinning. For the interface study, the polymer–polymer compatibility and the interfacial adhesion for the laminates of corresponding polymeric films were determined. It was shown that PP/PE was the most compatible polymer pairing with the highest interfacial adhesion value. On the other hand, PET/PE was found to be the most incompatible polymer pairings followed by PA6/PP and PA6/PE. Accordingly, the tensile strength values of the bicomponent fibers deviated from the theoretically estimated values depending on core–sheath compatibility. Thus, while PP/PE yielded a higher tensile strength value than estimated, other polymer combinations showed lower values in accordance with their degree of incompatibility and interfacial adhesion. These results unveiled the direct relation between interface and tensile response of the bicomponent fiber.  相似文献   

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