铁、铬离子掺杂对TiO_2薄膜光催化活性的影响

采用溶胶－凝胶法在釉面砖表面制备了均匀的ＴｉＯ２薄膜,并研究了铁、铬离子掺杂对ＴｉＯ２光催化性能影响．对罗丹明Ｂ的光降解实验表明,适量的铁、铬离子掺杂均可提高ＴｉＯ２薄膜的光催化活性,铁离子的掺杂效果明显高于铬离子,而铬离子的掺杂方式影响ＴｉＯ２薄膜的光催化活性,这主要基于它们不同的掺杂机理     

离子掺杂对纳米TiO2薄膜光催化活性的影响研究

研究了Ag 、Cu2 、La3 、Ni2 及W6 5种离子掺杂对釉面瓷砖表面TiO2薄膜光催化活性的影响,并采用XRD和UV-VIS检测技术对所制备的TiO2薄膜材料进行了表征.结果表明,掺杂离子能有效提高TiO2薄膜的光催化活性,且离子的掺杂存在一个最佳浓度.UV-VIS及XRD衍射发现,掺杂后的纳米TiO2薄膜有不同程度的吸收光谱带边蓝移及粒径减小的现象,具有量子尺寸效应.     

陶瓷表面TiO_2薄膜的制备及光催化性能研究

采用化学溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2溶胶,用浸渍-提拉方式在陶瓷表面制成锐钛矿相TiO2薄膜。用X射线衍射法(XRD)确定了晶型及晶粒的大小;用光电子能谱测定了其微观成分及其含量;考察了7种过渡金属离子掺杂后对甲基橙降解的光催化性能的影响及其变化规律,并对陶瓷和玻璃的光催化活性进行了比较。实验结果表明:掺杂Mn及Ni离子对于提高TiO2薄膜的光催化活性有明显的促进作用,降解30min后,降解率分别达到79.7%,80.8%。瓷片和玻璃的光催化活性要视掺杂的金属离子而定,不同的掺杂离子对瓷片和玻璃的光催化活性有不同的作用效果。     

陶瓷表面 TiO2薄膜的制备及光催化性能研究

采用化学溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2溶胶，用浸渍-提拉方式在陶瓷表面制成锐钛矿相TiO2薄膜。用X射线衍射法(XRD)确定了晶型及晶粒的大小；用光电子能谱测定了其微观成分及其含量；考察了7种过渡金属离子掺杂后对甲基橙降解的光催化性能的影响及其变化规律，并对陶瓷和玻璃的光催化活性进行了比较。实验结果表明：掺杂Mn及Ni离子对于提高TiO2薄膜的光催化活性有明显的促进作用，降解30min后，降解率分别达到79．7％，80.8％。瓷片和玻璃的光催化活性要视掺杂的金属离子而定，不同的掺杂离子对瓷片和玻璃的光催化活性有不同的作用效果。     

微波辅助制备掺铁纳米TiO2溶胶及其性能研究

为了进一步提高纳米二氧化钛溶胶的光催化活性,采用微波辅助胶溶的方法制备了不同铁掺杂量的纳米二氧化钛(Fe-TiO2)溶胶,并以偶氮染料活性艳红X-3B为目标物,分别考察不同铁掺杂量对纳米Fe-TiO2溶胶光催化活性的影响,研究表明原子数分数为0.05%的Fe3+掺杂量最佳;对Fe-TiO2溶胶、TiO2溶胶及P25(Degussa纳米TiO2)悬浮液的光催化活性进行对比,结果表明:TiO2溶胶与P25悬浮液光催化活性相当,而Fe-TiO2溶胶较前两者具有更高的光催化活性.采用XRD、DLS、AFM和DRS的分析方法对溶胶进行表征,结果表明:微量铁掺杂对纳米TiO2的晶型及粒径分布无显著影响;但铁掺杂可以使纳米TiO2对紫外光的吸收有较大程度的增强,同时吸收边带发生了较明显的红移.铁掺杂对于提高纳米TiO2溶胶的光催化活性和拓展其光吸收范围均具有显著的积极的作用.     

掺杂TiO2纳米膜光催化性能的研究进展

针对TiO2在实现清洁能源和净化环境方面的应用及其局限性,对各种类型掺杂TiO2薄膜的光催化性能进行了大量的研究.根据国内外近期在此领域的研究现状,综述了掺杂各种金属离子、非金属离子对TiO2薄膜的光催化活性机理的影响.掺杂主要是通过影响薄膜的晶相组成、能级、可见光响应范围等来改善光催化性能.对于TiO2薄膜,涂膜基体、热处理的制度和气氛等也有重要的影响.     

玻璃基TiO_2-Fe_2O_3-CeO_2复合纳米薄膜的光催化性能研究

在溶胶-凝胶法制备的TiO2胶膜表面涂覆金属离子,通过焙烧制备TiO2-Fe2O3-CeO2复合纳米薄膜。以甲基橙为目标降解物,讨论过渡金属离子Fe3+和稀土金属离子Ce3+的掺杂对TiO2薄膜光催化活性的影响。采用SEM、XRD、EDS等表征手段对复合氧化物薄膜进行表征。结果表明:所制备的薄膜具有纳米结构;Fe3+、Ce3+单掺和Fe3+/Ce3+共掺均可提高TiO2薄膜的光催化性能,但相同条件下共掺离子的光催化活性更高。     

Ce掺杂TiO2薄膜电极光电催化降解甲基橙

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了泡沫镍负载TiO2及Ce离子掺杂TiO2薄膜电极,并以其为工作电极,建立了三电极光电催化体系。通过对水溶液中甲基橙的降解实验,考察了催化剂热处理温度、涂敷层数、外加电压、铈掺杂等因素对薄膜催化剂光催化性能的影响,结果表明,泡沫镍是光催化剂的优良载体;经500℃处理所得催化剂主要为锐钛矿相,催化活性最好;外加适当电压,有助于光催化降解;Ce的掺杂有易于TiO2催化活性的改善;外加适当电压有助于甲基橙的光催化降解。研究证明,500℃为铈掺杂TiO2薄膜的最佳热处理温度,外加一定电压、涂敷3层、掺杂n(Ce)/n(Ti)=2%的铈时催化剂的活性最高。     

过渡金属掺杂纳米氧化钛薄膜的制备及表征

采用Sol—gel法制备了Ni^2＋、Fe^3＋和Cu^2＋离子掺杂TiO2薄膜,并对其进行了XRD、AFM表征。通过对掺杂TiO2薄膜结构分析发现,过渡金属离子掺杂TiO2后并没有导致TiO2的晶型改变,但Ni^2＋、Fe^3＋和Cu^2＋离子掺杂后使TiO2的晶格发生畸变,产生晶格缺陷,从而使TiO2晶体中电子浓度发生变化,影响光催化性能。     

金属离子掺杂对纳米TiO2晶型转变影响作用机制的研究进展

二氧化钛中引入金属杂质以提高二氧化钛的光催化活性受到了人们的广泛关注,对金属离子掺杂引起的二氧化钛晶型的转变进行了综述,总结了金属掺杂离子的熔点、离子半径、掺杂离子浓度、掺杂离子化合价等对TiO2晶型转变的影响,对TiO2晶型转变影响的作用机理进行了分析,并对TiO2光催化材料的金属离子掺杂改性研究的未来发展方向提出了建议.     

Photocatalytic activities of Ion doped TiO2 thin films when prepared on different substrates

Pure and ion doped TiO₂ thin films were prepared by sol-gel dip coating process on metallic and non-metallic substrates. Test metal ion concentration ranged from 0.000002 to 0.4 at.%. The resulting films were annealed in air and characterized by optical spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The photodegradation of methyl orange under UV irradiation by pristine and ion-doped TiO₂ films was quantified in a photocatalytic reactor developed in this study. In general, both doped and undoped TiO₂ crystals appeared in anatase phase and the photocatalytic activities of the TiO₂ thin films varied with substrates, calcination temperature, doping ions and their concentrations. The best calcination temperature for different substrates ranged from 450 to 580 °C. Films prepared on the metallic substrates resulted in higher photocatalytic activities, while ion doping lowered their efficiencies. On the contrary, for non-metallic substrates except ceramic the photocatalytic efficiencies of undoped films were much lower (< 30%), while ion doping was shown to increase the photocatalytic efficiencies remarkably in some cases, e.g., Cr³⁺ with the tile substrate. Overall, ion doping affected the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO₂ films, and an optimal doping concentration of between 0.0002 and 0.002 at.%, close to an estimate by the Debye length equation, resulted in the highest efficiency for most substrates.     

Fe2O3/TiO2和ZnO/TiO3纳米颗粒薄膜的亲水性能和光催化性能的研究

采用溶胶—凝胶法在玻璃上制备了锐钛矿型TiO2和过渡金属铁、锌离子掺杂的TiO2薄膜，并通过XRD、XPS、AFM表征了合成的薄膜．结果表明铁和锌离子掺入后，TiO2薄膜变的更加致密．铁离子和锌离子分别以Fe2O3和ZnO的形式存在．在紫外光照射下，TiO2薄膜表现明显的亲水性．金属离子掺杂的TiO2薄膜，亲水性能明显增强．铁离子掺入对光催化降解甲基橙有一定的抑制作用；少量的锌离子掺入对光催化降解甲基橙有促进作用，锌离子掺入量增大后，效果并不明显．     

Microstructures and Photocatalytic Properties of S Doped Nanocrystalline TiO2 Films

The nanocrystalline S doped titanium dioxide films were successfully prepared by the improved sol-gel process. Here TiO(C₄H₉O)₄ and CS(NH₂)₂ were used as precursors of titania and sulfur, respectively. The as-prepared specimens were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activities of the films were evaluated by degradation of organic dyes in aqueous solution. The results of XRD, FE-SEM, and BET analyses indicated that the TiO₂ films were composed of nanoparticles. S doping could obviously not only suppress the formation of brookite phase but also inhibit the transformation of anatase to rutile at high temperature. Compared with pure TiO₂ film, S doped TiO₂ film exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity. It is believed that the surface microstructure of the modified films is responsible for improving the photocatalytic activity.     

Effect of V doping concentration on the electronic structure,optical and photocatalytic properties of nano-sized V-doped anatase TiO2

V-doped TiO₂ with V/Ti ratio of 1–5% has been synthesized by hydrothermal method and then characterized by XRD, TEM, BET specific surface area, XPS and UV–vis. absorption spectra. The photocatalytic activity of the as-synthesized samples was investigated by the degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. Density functional theory (DFT) based calculations were performed to investigate the mechanism of band gap narrowing, the shift of light absorption edge, the location of V in the TiO₂ lattice and the variation in electronic and optical properties of TiO₂ with the increase of V doping concentration. Irrespective of the V doping concentration, TEM images indicate that all the doped samples were composed of equiaxed spherical anatase TiO₂ particles with good crystallinity and uniform particle size distribution. Both the experimental results from XPS survey and the theoretical calculation argue that the doped V replaces the lattice Ti and form substitutional impurity. The visible light absorption can be optimized by adjusting the V doping concentration. Among the doped samples with different V doping concentrations, the sample with V/Ti ratio of 2% depicts better visible light photocatalytic activity due to the enhanced visible light absorption and improved separation of electron–hole pairs.     

NO treated TiO2 as an efficient visible light photocatalyst for NO removal

In this study, we report that nitrogen doped TiO₂ could be achieved via thermal treatment of Degussa P25 TiO₂ in NO atmosphere directly (P25-NO). The samples were characterized with XRD, XPS, and FT-IR. The characterization results suggested that nitrogen species were interstitially doped in P25-NO during the NO thermal treatment process. In comparison with P25, the P25-NO exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic activities under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm) for gaseous NO removal. On the basis of electronic band structure theory, we proposed a possible mechanism for the enhanced visible light driven photocatalytic oxidation process over the interstitial N doping P25-NO samples. This work could not only deepen understanding of the enhanced photoactivity originated from interstitial N doping in TiO₂, but also provide a facile route to prepare nitrogen doped TiO₂ for environmental and energy applications.     

TiO2/SnO2复合薄膜的低温制备及其光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了TiO2溶胶和SnO2溶胶，使用浸渍提拉法在低温下制备出底层为金红石型SnO2，表层为锐钛矿型TiO2的复合膜．考察了不同SnO2薄膜层数对TiO2／SnO2复合膜光催化活性的影响，并对其光催化活性提高的机理进行了探讨．结果表明，SnO2层的加入能有效提高TiO2薄膜的光催化活性，随着SnO2薄膜层数的增加，光催化活性先增大后减小，但始终高于单一的TiO2薄膜．这是由于SnO2的导带电位低于TiO2的导带电位，SnO2的价带电位高于TiO2的价带电位，紫外光照下，TiO2中产生的光生电子注入到SnO2层，SnO2中空穴注入到TiO2层，有效抑制了薄膜内电子-空穴对的复合，增加了复合薄膜表面空穴的浓度，因而光催化活性得到了显著的提高．     

Study of the deposition parameters and Fe-dopant effect in the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 films prepared by dc reactive magnetron sputtering

The reactive magnetron sputtering method was used to prepare pure and Fe-doped titanium dioxide thin films. The films were deposited onto microscope glass slides and polycarbonate plates at different total pressure and Fe-doping concentrations. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV-visible spectroscopy (UV). For glass substrates a polycrystalline TiO₂ structure was verified with X-ray diffraction, which showed typical characteristic anatase reflections. An iron phase appeared in the highly Fe-doped samples. The absorption edges of the Fe-doped TiO₂ films shifted to visible region with increasing concentration of iron. For the polycarbonate substrate an amorphous TiO₂ structure was revealed for all deposition conditions. The effects of different Fe-doping and total pressure levels on the photocatalytic activity were obtained by the degradation rates of Rhodamine-B (RoB) dye under UV light irradiation. For the deposition conditions considered in this study the highest photodegradation rates were achieved for films deposited on the polymer substrates. Of these overall highest rates was achieved for deposition at 0.4 Pa and without doping. However, for both substrates, films prepared at the particular total pressure of 0.5 Pa and a low iron concentration showed better photocatalytic activity than the pure TiO₂ films prepared under the same deposition parameters. On the contrary, the photocatalytic degradation rates of RoB on the highly Fe-doped TiO₂ films decreased strongly.     

Synthesis and photocatalytic properties of Zn doped anatase TiO2 nanofibers

Zn²⁺ doped TiO₂ nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning followed by calcination. The results of TGA, FE-SEM, XRD and XPS indicated that the obtained nanofibers with diameter in range of 50–150 nm were composed of anatase TiO₂ phase and Zn²⁺ doping in TiO₂ did not distort the pristine crystal structure of TiO₂. Besides methylene blue (MB) was employed to investigate photocatalytic properties of the obtained samples. The results revealed that Zn²⁺ doped TiO₂ nanofibers had excellent photocatalytic activity, which was symbolized by an optimum photodegradation efficiency of 96.1% under Zn²⁺ doping concentration of 2 at.%. The photocatalytic efficiency of 2 at.% Zn²⁺ doped TiO₂ nanofibers still exceeded 95% after using for five times.     

Preparation,characterization and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 codoped with yttrium and nitrogen

Nanocrystalline photocatalysts of TiO₂ codoped with yttrium and nitrogen were prepared by the sol–gel method and investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS), respectively. Slight red-shifts of the Raman peak at 144 cm^?1 were observed in the doped samples after the incorporation of Y³⁺ and N^3? into the lattice of TiO₂. The N doping caused the improvement of visible light absorption because of the formation of the N 2p states isolated above the valence band maximum of TiO₂. Whereas, the absorption property of the pure or N doped TiO₂ was depressed after the introduction of Y. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated by monitoring the degradation of methylene blue (MB) solution. The codoped sample with N and 0.05 at.% Y exhibited an enhanced photocatalytic efficiency. It is suggested that the charge trapping due to the Y doping and the visible light response due to the N doping are responsible for the enhanced photocatalytic performance in this sample. However, the photocatalytic activity of the codoped TiO₂ was suppressed step by step as the Y doping level increased, which could be attributed to the formation of photogenerated charge carriers recombination centers at the Y substituting sites.