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1.
利用弹性抛物方程理论中的单向散射近似法处理倾斜弹性体-弹性体的边界条件,建立了不同地形条件下具有弹性分层海底的海洋环境中声场计算的新方法;经仿真分析等深度均匀海水层覆盖下具有倾斜弹性体-弹性体边界的弹性分层海洋环境中低频声场的空间分布结构,表明当弹性沉积层中纵波波速不大于1.5倍水中声速时,声压传播损失完全由海水介质参数和海底底质决定,与沉积层下界面地形关系不大,且弹性界面处有明显的界面波(Stoneley波)存在,即弹性体-弹性体界面的地形变化,基本不影响海水中的声场分布。与能量守恒方法相比较,仿真验证了文中计算方法的准确性。  相似文献   

2.
周来江  杨士莪 《声学技术》2010,29(6):559-564
针对典型的海底介质结构情况,研究了从海水入射到含有非固结沉积层的层状流体饱和多孔介质海底的平面波的反射和透射问题,分析了沉积层和基岩中纵、横波速度和衰减的频散变化特点,在沉积层厚度和频率变化时,对海水-海底界面上的位移势函数反射系数进行了计算和分析。研究结果表明:在沉积层厚度一定的情况下,较高频率时,沉积层对海水中声场的影响较大,而频率较低时,基岩对海水中声场的影响较大。在以不同的掠射角入射时,由于沉积层中质点的法向共振,广义位移势函数反射系数随频厚积的变化曲线会出现一系列的共振峰,随着掠射角的减小,共振峰个数减少,但共振峰的幅度会增加。  相似文献   

3.
为了研究Scholte波能量集中在甚低频段的特性。基于浅海声场模型,利用高阶交错网格有限差分算法,仿真分析了硬海底和软海底条件下Scholte波的幅度与声源频率之间的关系。结果表明:两种海底条件下Scholte波的幅度均随声源频率增加而逐渐减小;开展海上气枪和货轮激发Scholte波的试验,气枪试验分析结果表明:Scholte波受声源频率影响较大,声源频率越高越不利于激发产生Scholte波;货轮试验分析结果表明:Scholte波的能量主要集中在10~25 Hz,频域特征稳定,传播距离远、衰减慢,当货轮由远及近航行时Scholte波能量由弱变强,呈现与货轮航行状态相符的变化趋势。  相似文献   

4.
我们开始回顾声线理论方程式以及一部海底反射声纳的问题,就声源级而言,问题多半已经解决。很好地说明上面10米左右的沉积层就能计算反射系数,并转换为海底损失和用于声场的射线理论描述。或许有这种情况,海底是如此的粗糙以致于直接方法不再适用,但作为我们取得的资料还是有价值的。已经讨论过一些为计算平面波海底反射系数而变化复杂的模型,最普通的模型是由无限数目具有衰减的固体层所组成,并且应该代表任何相当均匀的沉积层结构。对于低频(即低于2仟赫)我们开始观察到相当一部分能量由于正的梯度而被折射到沉积层中去,沉积层参数必须确定到一定的深度,至少要和折射声场一样深,这就要求数百米的沉积层数据,同样在低频时由于海底和入射波阵面的相互作用声线理论的形式开始破坏,在低频时标准跨度和海底损失曲线已不能使用,此时必须考虑可以测量总的声场的连续波实验,并且与波动理论的计算进行比较,这种计算包含了与具有平面波反射系数的海底的相互作用。  相似文献   

5.
浅海低频声场的水平纵向相关性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
基于一次浅海声学实验数据,研究了浅海低频声场的水平纵向相关特性。利用简正波干涉理论,对实验结果中声场水平纵向相关的振荡结构与强烈起伏现象进行了分析与解释。声场水平纵向相关的振荡结构是由简正波干涉所致,该实验结果进一步验证了该现象在浅海低频条件下的普遍性。当实验中采用的爆炸声源的标称深度位于声场中某号有效简正波的一个波节附近,声源实际爆炸深度的较小变化引起该号与其它号有效简正波幅度比值的较大变化,从而在有效简正波号数较少的情况下引起了声场水平纵向相关的强烈起伏现象,该现象表明在一定条件下声源深度是浅海低频声场水平纵向相关的一个敏感参数。  相似文献   

6.
周伟 《声学技术》2017,36(6):522-527
研究了将空气中声速分布建模为Epstein分布,水层和海底均为均匀分布的三层介质模型的条件下,空气中点源激发的水下声场。既推导得到了声压场的形式解,通过数值分析,表明空气中点源激发浅水波导,在水层中形成的波导简正波具有实数本征值,可以远距离传播,称其为"水波"。空气层中的Epstein波导简正波在水层中为非均匀波,传播速度取决于空气中声速,称其为"水面波",并指出空气中声源运动产生的水面波多普勒频移大于水波多普勒频移。  相似文献   

7.
关于浅海沉积层对声场影响的讨论   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
一、引言 水声学通常将海底对声场产生巨大作用的海域称为浅海.在我国南海海域存在着一类比较特殊的浅海海域,如图1所示.它的海深大约2km,象深海一样存在着声道,海面处海水的声速一般比海底处的大.海底有一沉积层,沉积层下面是半无限基底.海面处的海水声速与沉积层的声速接近.在这类浅海中,海水表面附近的声场对海底参数的变化非常敏感.对于这一类的浅海声道,最有效的计算模型是简正波模型.目前流行的简正波模型非常多,每一种模型都有各自的优缺点.这类海域的声场计算需要尤其慎重,必须选择合适的简正波模型.本文首先讨论简正波模型的选择问题,然后利用数值模型的方法研究了沉积层的声学特性对声场的影响.  相似文献   

8.
基于弹性波理论,研究了轴对称纵波在具有较薄弹性接触层的双层中空柱壳中的传播特性。当接触层厚度远远小于波长时,忽略接触层的惯性运动,根据自由边界和弹性层接触界面条件,导出了轴对称纵向自由波传播的无量纲频散方程,利用数值方法求得频散方程的实数根,并将得到的频散关系与已有文献的计算结果对比,验证了该方法的正确性。通过算例分析了接触层参数对纵波第一模态相速度频散关系及壳体内应力、位移的影响,结果表明:波长越短接触层对频散关系的影响越为显著,同一波数条件下,相速度随着接触层厚度增大而增大;壳体内应力、位移随着接触层单位层厚刚度的增大而减小,但受接触层泊松比变化的影响不大。  相似文献   

9.
吴绍维  向阳  夏雪宝   《振动与冲击》2014,33(7):79-85
传统波叠加法中虚拟声源必须设于结构体内离表面一定距离处,否则会使算法中的自辐射项中的格林函数产生奇异性,无法正确计算声场。针对这一问题,研究了针对振动结构辐射表面离散化域形成的无单元空间离散域波叠加计算方法,采用奇异点挖去法、部分积分区域替换法和不变量嵌入法克服当声源点与接收点重合时格林函数的奇异性问题,得到自辐射声压项和速度项的非奇异表达。然后利用速度边界条件确定声源强度和声压。通过具有解析解的脉动球源的例子验证,该近似解析表达式能较好地代表声压和速度自辐射项,从而实现声场的预测。  相似文献   

10.
皮质骨参数的变化可以反映骨质的健康状况,因此文章提出了一种频散能量匹配算法来反演皮质骨参数。首先,通过频散特性方程计算出预定义参数下的频散曲线数据库;其次,利用时域有限差分算法建立皮质骨声场模型,将仿真的时域信号通过功率谱估计得到频散能量信息,并与数据库进行匹配,通过分析匹配结果的能量从而得到皮质骨的厚度、纵波速度和横波速度。仿真结果显示:与理论值相比,厚度的平均相对误差为3.8%,纵波速度与横波速度的平均相对误差分别为0.6%、0.9%。对三组离体牛胫骨皮质骨进行反演,离体实验结果显示:与真实值相比,厚度相对误差为4.9%,且实验频散曲线与反演得到的理论频散曲线吻合。因此文中所提出的反演算法可以有效获取皮质骨的厚度,横波速度和纵波速度,从而为评价骨质的健康状况提供可靠的依据。  相似文献   

11.
In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.  相似文献   

12.
13.
A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.  相似文献   

14.
On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……  相似文献   

15.
Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……  相似文献   

16.
In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M2(B,C), (W,Mo)2(B,C), M3(B,C), M23(B,C)6 type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm2. The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K1 mill housing of bar mill.  相似文献   

17.
A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.  相似文献   

18.
The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...  相似文献   

19.
Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.  相似文献   

20.
Cubic boron nitride(c-BN) film was deposited on a Si (100) substrate by the RF-magnetron sputtering.The mainly problems for fabrication of c-BN films are the low purity and high intrinsic compressive stress. In order to solve the two problems, the c-BN film with the buffer interlayer was deposited on the substrate which had been implanted with nitrogen and/or boron ions. The results show: the implantation of nitrogen ions can obviously increase c-BN content and reduce the internal stress slightly; while the implantation of boron shows no obvious improvement to the content of c-BN, which can reduce the internal stress in the film obviously. In addition, it is suggested that the implantation of nitrogen and boron shows the best result, which not only can increase the content of c-BN, but also reduce the internal stress in the c-BN film obviously.  相似文献   

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