三元系ZrO2—Y2O3—Yb2O3材料的低温电性能

采用复阻抗技术对三元系ＺｒＯ２－Ｙ２Ｏ３－Ｙｂ２Ｏ３材料在５７３－８７３Ｋ内的离子电导率随组成的变化关系进行了研究,发现该材料的低温电导率随Ｙｂ２Ｏ２含量的增加而降低。用Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ公式对实验数据进行的分析表明,电导率降低的原因在于Ｙｂ＾２＋与结构中氧空位之间的缔合比Ｙ＾３＋与氧空位之间的缔合更甚,阻碍了氧空位在低温下的定向迁移。     

纳米(ZnO,Al2O3)复合掺杂对3Y2O3-ZrO2材料电性能的影响

以3Y2O3—ZrO2纳米粉和ZnO，A12O3纳米粉为原料，采用交流阻抗谱技术对掺少量ZnO和A12O3的3Y2O3—ZrO2烧结陶瓷进行电性能研究。研究表明：少量纳米ZnO掺杂降低了3Y2O3—ZrO2的电导率，但随着掺人量的增加，电导率开始回升。在ZnO掺杂样品中加入少量纳米A12O3进行复合第二相掺杂，结果提高了3Y2O3—ZrO2材料的电导率。同时少量A12O3的掺人降低了晶粒电导活化能，使得晶粒电导率增加。     

Y2O3稳定ZrO2材料的电导活化能

在313～473K温度范围内测定了一种Y2O3稳定ZrO2材料(YSZ)的交流电导率谱,进而导出了材料的直流电导率并分析了其随温度的变化关系.研究发现:在低温下材料的电导活化能随温度的升高而增大.这一实验现象与在高温下所观察到的活化能随温度升高而降低的规律截然相反.通过分析材料中氧空位的解缔及迁移机制,对YSZ材料中电导活化能随温度的变化关系作出了一个合理的解释.     

ZnO掺杂的ZrO2(3Y)纳米复合相材料的中低温电导研究

采用交流阻抗技术对掺纳米ZnO的纳米ZrO2(3Y)复合掺杂材料在473—973K温度范围电导率随ZnO第二相质量分数(0．0％-5．0％(质量分数))的变化关系进行了研究。研究发现掺很少量的纳米ZnO(0．5％-1．0％(质量分数))，纳米ZrO2(3Y)材料晶粒和晶界电阻显著增加，电导率降低，原因在于缺陷缔合效应和晶界偏聚效应的加剧，阻碍了氟空位的迁移。随着ZnO掺入量的增加(＞1．0％(质量分数))，晶界电阻显著减小，晶粒电阻变化不大，总电导率回升，在中低温范围，总电导活化能与晶界电导活化能具有相同的变化趋势。     

Bi2O3基固体电解质材料改性研究

对Bi2O3基固体电解质进行了研究。实验确认，在Bi2O3－Y2O3系统中掺入ZrO2可抑制Bi2O3立方到菱方相变，使其在低温长时间退火后还能保持立方相，ZrO2抑制相变的作用是通过降低间隙阳离子浓度实现的；在Bi2O3－Y2O3系统中掺入Bi2O3，可抑制Bi2O3的还原，原因是B^3＋改变了晶体中的应力状态和点缺陷的分布。实验中获得了同时具有抗相变、抗还原性能的Bi2O3基电解质材料。     

Y2O3稳定ZrO2材料的电导活化能

在313－473K温度范围内测定了一种Y2O3稳定ZrO2材料（YSZ）的交流电导率谱，进而导出了材料的直流电导率并分析了其随温度的变化关系。研究发现：在低温下材料的电导尖化能随温度的升高而增大。这一实验现象与在高温下所观察到的活化能随温度升高而降低规律截然相反。通过分析材料中氧空位的解缔及迁移机制，对YSZ材料中电导活化能随温度的变化关系作出了一个合理的解释。     

纳米SiC颗粒对Al2O3基体中ZrO2约束稳定的影响

采用热压的方法制备了纳米SiC颗粒复合的Al2O3-ZrO2陶瓷材料，研究了纳米SiC颗粒对样品烧结性能以及对Al2O3基体中ZrO2约束稳定的影响。结果表明，纳米SiC颗粒的加入影响样品的烧结性能。处于晶界的纳米SiC颗粒降低了基体材料对ZrO2颗粒的约束，不利于四方相ZrO2在室温下的保留。     

TiO2:Nb2 O5混合晶体响应TMA气体敏感特性研究

利用X射线衍(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和器件测试等方法对TiO2:Nb2O5混合晶体结构、表面形貌及敏感机理进行分析与讨论.结果认为:Nb2O5为10%的富钛敏感材料含有大量氧空位,晶粒之间的空隙增大,显著提高了电导率和气敏特性;使器件阻值Ra降低和灵敏度K提高得到统一优化效果;为动物食品测鲜传感器研究开辟了一条新途径.     

TiO2-In-Nb2O5敏感材料响应TMA气敏特性分析

以含In的TiO2为基质,与重量比为10%的Nb2O5混合,TiO2-In-Nb2O5混合敏感材料有效解决了三甲胺(TMA)动物食品测鲜气敏器件中提高电导率和保持高灵敏度之间的矛盾.并利用XRD、SEM对该混晶体的结构、形貌及其机理进行分析,发现:该富钛混晶体中颗粒间的空隙增大、颗粒颈部变细,有效提高了响应TMA敏感特性;混合过程中所形成含铌的氧化态混晶体是缺氧态的,氧空位的增多有助于敏感材料电导率的增加.     

ZrO2掺杂BaCo0.7Fe0.2Nb0.1O3-δ材料的高温结构稳定性和电学性能

为了制备ZrO2掺杂的BaCo0.7Fe0.2Nb0.1O3-δ(BCFN)样品并研究其高温化学稳定性和电学性能,分别通过XRD研究了材料相成分的变化;通过收缩率和密度的测量并结合SEM研究了材料的微观结构;通过TG实验研究了材料在一定气氛下随温度的失重变化;通过直流四电极法测量了材料总电导的变化规律.研究结果表明,BCFN掺杂ZrO2之后材料为双相复合结构.随着ZrO2掺杂量的增加,材料在惰性气氛和氢气气氛下表现出更好的结构稳定性.ZrO2掺杂与未掺杂的BCFN体系其电学性能随温度的变化规律相同,在570℃之前的低温范围以P型半导体电子空穴导电机制为主,在高温则是同时存在电子空穴导电与氧离子导电,随着ZrO2掺杂量的增加,材料在空气气氛下的总电导率依次下降.     

Plasma spraying of Al2O3 and Al2O3Y2O3

A microstructural study has been carried out of plasma-sprayed Al₂O₃ and mixed and sintered Al₂O₃Y₂O₃. In order to ascertain the degree of metastability achieved by plasma spraying, these results are compared with a similar experiment utilizing a CO₂ laser for melting and the hammer-and-anvil technique for quenching of the same materials. X-ray diffraction methods were used to determine the obtained phases and crystal structures. In addition, transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the phases present and to study their morpology. The porosity was studied with both mercury intrusion porosimetry and small angle neutron scattering. The addition of Y₂O₃ is shown to decrease the porosity from 15% to 7.5%. Adhesion is likewise related to the addition of Y₂O₃ and it is seen that adhesion of the mixture is measurably improved over that of pure Al₂O₃. The implication of these results is discussed.     

Surface tension of PbO-B2O3 and Bi2O3-B2O3 glass melts

The surface tensions of xPbO-(100?x) B₂O₃ (x = 30–80 mol%) and xBi₂O₃-(100?x) B₂O₃ (x = 0–100 mol%) melts were measured using the ring method over the temperature range 973 to 1373 K. The compositional and temperature dependences of surface tension were investigated. Addition of PbO and Bi₂O₃ to B₂O₃ increased the surface tensions of their respective PbO-B₂O₃ and Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃ melts. The surface tension showed a maximum at 60 mol% PbO in the PbO-B₂O₃ melts and at 70–80 mol% Bi₂O₃ in the Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃ melts. The temperature coefficient of surface tension was examined on the basis of its relationship to the structure, and it was suggested that the temperature coefficient of surface tension decreases with an increasing content of four-coordinated boron.     

Microstructure and Strength of Al2O3/Al2O3 Joints Bonded with ZnO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 Glass-Ceramic

ZnO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 （ZABS） glass powder was used as interlayer to join alumina ceramics. The effect of joining temperature on the microstructure and strength of joints was investigated. The results showed that the ZABS glass can react with alumina substrate to form a layer of ZnAl2O4 at Al2O3/glass interface. Bending test exhibited that low joining temperature （1150℃） led to low joint strength due to the formation of pores in the interlayer, originated by high viscosity of the glass. High joining temperature （1250 ℃） also resulted in low joint strength, because of large CTE （coefficient of thermal expansion） mismatch between amorphous interlayer and alumina substrate. Therefore, only when the joining temperature was appropriate （1200℃）, defect-free interface and high joint strength can be obtained. The optimum joint strength reached 285 MPa, which was the same as the base material strength.     

Some physical properties of V2O5-Fe2O3 and V2O5-Fe2O3-Li2O systems

Various methods have been used to study the physical properties of the V₂O₅-Fe₂O₃ and V₂O₅-Fe₂O₃-Li₂O systems, including X-ray, electron microscope, Mössbauer effect, NMR and thermogravimetric measurements. The iron ions are approximately equally distributed in substitutional and interstitial sites in the V₂O₅ lattice. The maximum number of iron ions dissolved in the V₂O₅ matrix corresponds to 4 mol % Fe₂O₃. In all the samples a quantity of Fe₂O₃ which has not been included in lattice is observed. The V₂O₅-Fe₂O₃ and V₂O₅-Fe₂O₃-Li₂O systems are formed from solid solutions mixed with very small Fe₂O₃ particles. The analysis of the charge compensation of iron ions suggests that V₂O₅ is a quasi-amorphous semiconductor. Irradiation of V₂O₅-based samples with an electron beam induces the V₂O₅ platelets to convert to the VO _x phase.     

溶胶凝胶法制备Er3+-Yb3+共掺纳米SiO2粉

利用溶胶-凝胶法合成了Er2O3-Yb2O3-SiO2纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)粉。Er3 和Yb3 直接加入有机酸催化的TEOS反应溶液中,凝胶后经过700~900℃,得到Er3 -Yb3 共掺纳米SiO2粉。样品经过红外光谱、XRD、TEM等分析,结果表明,纳米粉的粒径受有机酸比例和处理温度的影响。在室温PL谱上,样品可观察到较强的1530nm荧光,同时镱的引入对掺铒SiO2纳米粉在1.54μm的荧光发射有增强作用。     

Physical and Thermal Properties of P2O5-Al2O3-BaO-La2O3 Glasses

The physical and thermal properties of P2O5-Al2O3-BaO-La2O3 glasses were investigated. The effects of glass compositions on the transition temperature, thermal expansion coefficient, density, hardness and refractive index of glasses were studied. The highest hardness of the glasses is 4143.891 MPa and the lowest thermal expansion coefficient of the glasses is 71.770×10-7/℃. A phosphate glass with high mechanical strength and good thermal characteristic is obtained.