双层减反射膜镀制半导体放大器

首次采用ＺｎＳｅ和ＭｇＦ２双层减反射膜镀制半导体放大器，分别测出了两端面的剩余反射比曲线。结果表明，该放大器两端面反射比剩积最小值低于１×１０＾－６，Ｏ‘Ｍａｈｏｎｅｙ给出的判据，其可用行波单程增益为２２ｄＢ。     

影响分布式光纤传感器后向瑞利散射波形的关键因素研究

基于相干后向瑞利散射原理搭建了一套分布式光纤传感系统,并设计了一种优化的掺铒光纤放大器。以此为基础进行实验,分析了消光比、传感距离和传感光纤前后端反射等几个关键因素对相干后向瑞利散射波形的影响。实验结果表明:适当地设计电光调制器偏置电压与掺铒光纤放大器,可明显改善注入脉冲信号峰值功率和消光比;由于注入信号光消光比的限制,短距离传感比长距离传感更容易获得优良的散射信号;消除传感光纤前后端的菲涅耳反射也能显著提升散射信号的质量与稳定性。     

基于光子计数调制的光学时域反射测量

针对光学时域反射测量的信噪比受到光子计数的量子起伏的影响,本文提出了光子计数调制技术应用于1.55μm单光子探测光时域反射测量系统,该方法根据相干光场量子涨落的噪声功率在频域上具有均匀分布的特性,采用光子计数调制与锁相放大器解调的方法抑制了量子起伏.实验结果表明,通过改变锁相放大器的积分时间设置滤波带宽,改善了光子计数的信噪比.与光子计数直接测量的结果相比,光子计数调制的光学时域反射测量的信噪改善比达到28.3 dB.     

放大器增益与载噪比的讨论

本文讨论了有线电视系统放大器的增益与载噪比以及它们之间 的关系,并得出不仅要注重放大器增益,也要注重放大器噪声系数,以确保有线电视系统载噪比的结论。     

放大器增益与载噪比的讨论

本文讨论了有线电视系统放大器的增益与载噪比以及它们之间的关系,并得出不仅要注重放大器增益,也要注重放大器噪声系数,以确保有线电视系统载噪比的结论。     

反射隔热型丙烯酸聚氨酯涂料的制备及性能研究

以羟基丙烯酸树脂为原料，通过添加助剂、钛白粉、空心玻璃微珠和纳米氧化锑锡(ATO),制备了反射隔热型丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层，研究了空心玻璃微珠、钛白粉、纳米ATO对涂层近红外反射比、太阳光反射比和半球发射率的影响。结果表明：当空心玻璃微珠添加量达到涂料质量的10%时，涂层的近红外反射比最佳，与普通白色颜料相比，使用大粒径棒状钛白粉制备的涂层具有更好的折光率和近红外发射系数；添加质量分数7%的纳米ATO浆料能够提高涂层半球发射率。制备的涂层反射隔热效果好，远超标准要求的优等品水平，可在石油石化储罐、管道、运输车辆外表面涂装，提供极佳的反射隔热效果。     

热声发动机用声学放大器的改进研究

声学放大器是一种可显著提高热声发动机输出压力振幅和压比的装置,存在的主要问题是声功损失过大.通过理论研究,提出采用较大管径进一步提高声学放大器性能的方法,称为改进型声学放大器.实验结果表明:该声学放大器在大幅度提升输出压比的同时,没有明显降低发动机内的压比和破坏发动机内部声场,能使发动机工作在较高的品质状态.采用变负载法测量声功的实验结果也表明,改进型的声学放大器有效地解决了声功损失过大的问题.     

噪声温度计用放大器设计与性能评估

低噪声、低失真、高共模抑制比的放大器对于噪声法测量热力学温度至关重要。设计了由前置放大、仪表放大和缓冲放大3级组成的噪声温度计用高性能放大器。其中,采用具有超低噪声的结型场效应对管IF9030作为前置差分放大级的输入;研制了自动化测量对管转移特性的装置,用于在大批量对管中挑选匹配度更优的器件;采用互相关技术压低电路中不相关的噪声,从而确保能够准确测量到被放大器背景噪声淹没的非线性失真信号;重点评估了放大器在1MHz带宽内的共模抑制比和放大器受双频激励时的非线性失真。测量结果表明,放大器的背景噪声为1.2nV/Hz1/2;100kHz带宽内的共模抑制比优于90dB,100kHz至1MHz带宽内的共模抑制比会随着频率的增加而降低,但不低于70dB;放大器受频率为400kHz、401kHz,幅度有效值为8μV的双频信号激励时,产生的二阶交调失真信号比双频信号低79dB,二阶谐波失真信号比双频信号低85dB。     

绝对光谱反射比的测量和国际比对

测色光谱光度计和光电色度计通常不能直接测量物体的反射比(或其它反射量),而只能进行两个样品的相对比较。这种仪器的校准一般是用已知光谱反射比的标准来完成。国际照明委员会(CIE)推荐了完全反射漫射体(Perfect Reflection Diffuser,简称 PRD)作为反射比的主标准。这种PRD被定义为一个在一定波长范围内反射比都等于1的理想均匀漫射体。但符合上述PRD主标准的实际物质是不可能有的,所以在建立反射比标准时,就     

多级尝试法对主动监控法的优化

采用多级尝试法对用来在半导体激光器端面镀制极低反射率膜的主动监控法进行优化,使剩余反射率为10~(-4)数量级膜的镀成几率大大提高,单面镀的最好水平已达到10~(-5)数量级,并且获得了两端面剩余反射率几何平均值小于3×10~(-4)的半导体发光管。根据O'Mahony对行波式半导体光放大器提出的判据,这种二极管可以用作单程增益为27.5dB的行波光放大器的工作介质。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

＂Three Transformations＂ and Standardization

During his inspection in Henan Province in May, Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed to ＂push forward the transformation from China Speed to China Quality, from Made in China to Created in China, and from Chinese Products to Chinese Brand＂. The ＂Three Transformations＂ are the specific requirements and goal of China＇s national development in the context that market should play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

SAC Delegation Visits AENOR and Signs Cooperation Agreements

正SAC Administrator Tian Shihong led the Chinese delegation to visit the Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification(AENOR)on September 15,2014.Mrs.Begona Cristeto,the Vice-Minister of Industry,Energy and Tourism of Spain,and Mr.Avelino Brito,the President and CEO of AENOR greeted the delegation.The two sides had a deep and friendly discussion on strengthening the cooperation between China and Spain in the standardization field and promoting the standardization work to support the development of economy and trade in the two countries.