用户体验研究的发展现状、研究模型与评价方法

目的理清用户体验相关研究中的发展现状、研究模型和用户体验评价方法工具。方法通过文献调研、比较分析、网络搜索等研究方法,从"用户体验概念"、"用户体验研究模型"、"用户体验评价方法及工具"等三个层面,梳理并归纳国内外用户体验相关研究成果与发展脉络,总结用户体验的综合性研究方法,概述用户体验评价的具体方法与工具应用。结论用户体验虽然受到社会广泛关注并发展较快,但是整体而言,其研究深度尚比较欠缺,仍旧处于起步阶段,现有的用户体验研究方法还不足以全面支撑和解决用户体验设计过程中所面临的实际问题。在某种程度上,大多数以"用户体验"为主题的研究成果,还没有完成从"认识论"到"方法论"的转变,特别是许多用户体验评价的系统性研究方法及工具应用,尚存待完善之处。     

电子游戏用户体验评价方法综述

电子游戏产业近年来快速发展,而电子游戏的用户体验则是决定游戏能否成功的关键因素。本文回顾了以往电子游戏用户体验的评价方法,包括问卷法、启发式评估、心理生理测量等,并从三个维度对各评价方法的特点进行了总结,最后展望了电子游戏用户体验评价方法,未来研究可以从各评价方法在新型游戏平台上的适用性以及各评价方法之间的相关性两个方向展开。     

人工智能技术下的产品用户体验研究综述

目的 基于人工智能技术的不断发展和不同行业领域的创新应用,进一步思考人工智能给用户体验带来的影响,以及对产品用户体验的定义、特征和评价方法进行重新解读。方法 通过对相关文献的研究和大量的人工智能在产品用户体验中的实践应用,分析人工智能技术如何提升用户体验,并对此进行总结归纳。结论 以产品设计视角为切入点,结合人工智能在产品用户体验中的应用研究,提出了人工智能对产品用户体验影响的四个特征,即高效率、感知智能、场景驱动力和个性化。总结出以人工智能与大数据技术结合下的产品用户体验评价方法,即智能辅助产品用户体验评价系统,并进一步展望了人工智能驱动下的产品用户体验研究趋势,以及未来人工智能技术为产品用户体验带来的机遇。     

电竞用户心流体验对感知价值和用户黏度的影响

目的 以电子竞技用户为研究对象,探究心流体验的测量维度,揭示心流体验各维度对感知价值（享乐价值和功利价值）和用户黏度的影响机制,并从心流体验的专业视角,探索电竞产品的设计思路。方法 通过文献研究、专家访谈和问卷调查先后进行预调研和正式调研,用所获数据进行分析和结构方程建模。结果 电子竞技用户的心流体验维度由时间感异常、自我意识丧失和控制感构成。心流体验对感知价值中的享乐价值维度具有显著的正向影响;感知价值对用户黏度具有显著的正向影响;心流体验对用户黏度不具有显著的正向影响。结论 电子竞技用户的心流体验主要通过享乐价值间接地正向影响用户黏度,心流体验中仅有一个维度（自我意识丧失）可以通过功利价值正向影响用户黏度。     

不同材质冷暖程度的多感官评价研究

以用户体验构成因素中的材质冷暖感为启示,分析研究了不同材质冷暖程度的多感官评价。以杯子的表面材质为研究对象,围绕用户的触觉、视觉、视触觉3 种感觉通道,论述了多感官评价的研究方法与实验过程。在此基础上发现,皮革、塑料、紫砂比玻璃、金属更为温暖,材质与感觉通道之间存在交互作用;金属、皮革和紫砂的感觉通道主效应显著,皮革的感觉通道与性别之间存在交互作用。     

产品意象评价中的眼动与脑电技术研究进展

目的 研究产品意象评价中的实验评价法,主要是探索基于眼动追踪与脑电技术的研究方法。方法 通过对研究现状的考察,系统地回顾产品意象评价中的公式评价法和实验评价法所采用的一般研究路径与方法,分析眼动追踪、脑电技术分别在产品意象评价中的应用、主要研究方向与注意点,以及联合评价产品意象以建立用户体验综合评价模型。结论 采用眼动追踪与脑电技术评价产品意象时,主要基于产品低层级特征的美学体验进行实验,尚难以直接获知用户的感性评价,均采用主客观结合的方式进行,推导产品意象与用户评价、生理数据之间的关系,并据此建立产品意象评价的数学模型,从而帮助研究者为所选任务或实验选择合理的生理测量方式,并制定合适的研究路径。     

图标设计要素对视觉注意和舒适度的影响研究

目的 以智能手机APP图标为研究对象,视觉复杂度、图标形状和图标构成形式为变量,探讨这些因素对大学生视觉注意力和舒适度的影响.方法 采用心理学的三因素重复测量实验设计,进行眼动仪客观测量和量表主观测量,从而验证图标视觉复杂度、图标形状和图标构成形式对大学生视觉注意力和视觉舒适度的影响.结果 图标的视觉复杂性、图标形状和图标构成形式分别对视觉注意力具有显著的影响,对视觉注意力的交互作用不显著;对视觉舒适度的主观测量表明,图标形状和视觉复杂度对视觉舒适度具有显著的影响,视觉复杂度、图标形状和图标构成对视觉舒适度的交互影响不显著.结论 研究表明三角形的图标更容易吸引年轻用户的注意力,圆形的图标让用户的视觉感受更加舒适,简单的面性图标更能吸引年轻用户的注意力.     

基于结构方程模型的老年人APP用户体验设计研究

目的 探索APP设计要素、用户体验、用户总体满意度之间的相互关系,提升老年人对APP的用户体验。方法 提出基于结构方程模型的老年人APP用户体验设计研究方法。首先,以文献理论为基础,构建理论模型图并设定相关变量和假设;其次,通过文献研究,选择相关设计要素,通过正交表生成设计样本;再次,根据用户体验评价要素构建用户体验评价指标,被试者对设计样本进行评估实验,通过因子分析法提取用户体验评价指标中的潜在变量,并将相关指标作为可测变量;从次,建立设计要素与本能层次、行为层次、反思层次和用户总体满意度之间的结构方程模型,利用实验数据对结构方程模型进行模型拟合,并进行拟合评价和信效度分析;最后,对结果进行解释和讨论。结论 以老年人医疗APP为例,通过结构方程模型验证了设计要素是影响老年用户体验的重要因素,并提出相关的设计指导。     

用户体验设计再研究：从概念到方法

目的当前,用户体验设计存在概念上的两个"误读",一是对用户体验与可用性的概念误读,二是对用户体验设计与体验设计的概念误读。试图厘清用户体验的概念,并基于明确的定义梳理用户体验设计的方法,再从设计方法的视角反思用户体验的内涵。方法首先,通过文献法梳理从"可用性"到"用户体验"的发展脉络,解析用户体验与可用性的三种关系;其次,比较用户体验的不同定义,进而明确用户体验的内涵;第三,收集并筛选用户体验设计方法,从方法属性、设计流程、研究对象三个维度进行方法分类,借助信息可视化手段,比较多重维度下用户体验设计方法存在的共性与特性。结论通过对用户体验设计方法的多维比较分析,基本厘清了当前用户体验设计方法的应用情况,反映出用户体验、可用性、体验设计三者在方法上的含混性,并指明了用户体验设计方法的发展趋向。     

基于层次分析法的信息系统用户体验评价模型

目的随着企业信息系统建设的深入,对信息系统界面设计和用户体验质量评估提出了新的要求。本研究将层次分析法(AHP)引入信息系统用户体验评价体系中,构建信息系统用户体验评价模型。方法针对信息系统的自身特点,通过文献检索分析和专家法,首先构建信息系统用户体验评价体系。然后信息系统产品5年以上经验用户及有5年以上计算机软件用户体验的研究专家共8人在现场对信息系统的用户体验过程进行指标评分,计算与分析信息系统用户体验评价各层次指标权值。结果信息系统用户体验评价一级评价指标及其权重值为:感官性体验(0.27)、有用性体验(0.27)、可用性体验(0.25)、情感性体验(0.21);其次,信息系统用户体验评价各二级评价指标及其权重值为:感官性体验的各个指标中,色彩搭配(0.19)、界面布局(0.32)、字体字号(0.15)、总体吸引力(0.34);有用性体验的各个指标中,功能完备性(0.40)、需求契合性(0.60);可用性体验的各个指标中,可学习性(0.21)、效率性(0.32)、可记忆性(0.17)、出错性(0.30);情感性体验的各个指标中,友好性(0.27)、惊喜感(0.11)、可控性(0.28)、安全感(0.34)。结论本研究结果为开展信息系统用户体验评价提供了科学的模型指导。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

＂Three Transformations＂ and Standardization

During his inspection in Henan Province in May, Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed to ＂push forward the transformation from China Speed to China Quality, from Made in China to Created in China, and from Chinese Products to Chinese Brand＂. The ＂Three Transformations＂ are the specific requirements and goal of China＇s national development in the context that market should play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

SAC Delegation Visits AENOR and Signs Cooperation Agreements

正SAC Administrator Tian Shihong led the Chinese delegation to visit the Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification(AENOR)on September 15,2014.Mrs.Begona Cristeto,the Vice-Minister of Industry,Energy and Tourism of Spain,and Mr.Avelino Brito,the President and CEO of AENOR greeted the delegation.The two sides had a deep and friendly discussion on strengthening the cooperation between China and Spain in the standardization field and promoting the standardization work to support the development of economy and trade in the two countries.