共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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Cr(VI)具有非常大的生物毒性, 去除溶液中的Cr(VI)是当前的一个研究热点。本研究制备了C@K2Ti6O13分级纳米材料, 并用不同表征手段对材料的物相和结构等进行表征, 进一步探究了初始pH、吸附时间、离子强度等对C@K2Ti6O13复合纳米结构吸附Cr(VI)的影响。实验结果表明C@K2Ti6O13复合纳米结构对Cr(VI)有较强的吸附能力, 1 h内去除率能够达到50%以上, 其吸附动力学符合准二级动力学模型, 吸附热力学符合Langmuir等温吸附模型, 表明这种分级纳米材料在环境治理方面应用潜力巨大。 相似文献
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以活化铌酸为铌源,草酸铵为沉积剂,十二烷基苯磺酸钠为模板剂,采用水热法在硅藻土表面原位生长Nb_2O_5纳米棒。采用SEM、TEM、XRD、BET、FT-IR和XPS等分析方法对样品进行表征,反应14 h后,Nb_2O_5纳米棒长度为500~700 nm,直径为25~35 nm;硅藻土原位生长Nb_2O_5纳米棒样品比表面积为157 m~2/g。研究了样品对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附与光还原行为,可见光条件下对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附量可达220 mg/g;紫外光条件下,可将表面吸附的Cr(Ⅵ)转变为Cr(Ⅲ),样品经过5次循环使用后,对Cr(Ⅵ)(100 mg/L)降解率仍能保持在93%左右。样品可对重金属污染废水中Cr(Ⅵ)进行吸附与毒性降解一体化去除。 相似文献
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纳米FeS比表面积大且还原性强,对Cr(VI)吸附性能优异,但不稳定、易团聚,为解决这一问题,本文以油菜花粉为生物模板,通过共沉淀-焙烧法制得仿生FeS复合材料(bioFeS)。通过SEM、XRD及XPS等方法对bioFeS复合材料的表面微观形态和结构进行了表征。以Cr(VI)为目标污染物,分别考察了吸附剂用量、反应时间、反应温度、初始Cr(VI)浓度和pH对bioFeS复合材料吸附Cr(VI)性能的影响,探究了反应机制。结果表明:油菜花粉生物模板成功分散了FeS,制得的bioFeS复合材料比表面积大,在反应时间为120 min、pH值为1、吸附剂投加量为0.2 g·L−1、反应温度为25℃的条件下,bioFeS复合材料对Cr(VI)的吸附量可达88.95 mg·g−1;该吸附过程符合准二级动力学和Langmuir等温吸附模型;共存离子NO3−和SO42−会抑制Cr(VI)的去除。结合吸附动力学、热力学及XPS表面元素分析可知bioFeS复合材料除铬机制主要是吸附及化学还原作用。bioFeS复合材料处理含铬废水具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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为提高膨润土的吸附容量,通过交联反应将聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)引入3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)改性膨润土(APTES/Bent)表面制备得到PEI交联膨润土(PEI-APTES/Bent-4),并采用FTIR、XRD和SEM等手段对其进行表征分析。以水中Cr(Ⅵ)为吸附对象,考察了PEI-APTES/Bent-4的吸附性能,探究了吸附机制和回收利用性。结果表明:PEI成功接枝于膨润土表面,其丰富的活性基团极大地促进了六价铬的去除。吸附最佳pH为2,随pH值增加吸附量降低。PEI-APTES/Bent-4对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附符合Langmuir等温模型和拟二级动力学模型,吸附过程为化学吸附和单层吸附,在313 K时最大理论吸附量达137.50 mg·g−1。热力学研究表明该吸附为自发吸热过程。结合吸附实验、FTIR和XPS分析推测得出PEI-APTES/Bent-4对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附机制主要为静电作用、还原和螯合。经6次循环后吸附剂仍保持较好的吸附性能。PEI-APTES/Bent-4去除水中Cr(Ⅵ)具有较大的应用前景。
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研究了MgAl水滑石(LDH)焙烧产物(LDO)对Cr(VI)的吸附性能。考察了吸附温度对LDO吸附性能的影响, 研究了吸附过程的热力学和动力学行为。结合XRD和FT-IR表征, 阐明其吸附机理。结果表明, CrO42–已成功插入水滑石层间, 适当提高吸附温度有利于LDO恢复LDH晶相。在20~60℃范围内, 随吸附温度升高, LDO对Cr(VI)吸附量增大, 50~60℃时, Cr(VI)吸附量为91 mg/g。Cr(VI)的吸附平衡数据符合Langmuir模型方程, ΔGo为负值说明吸附过程为自发过程, ΔSo和ΔHo为正值表明吸附为熵增的吸热过程。吸附动力学符合伪二级动力学模型, LDO 的吸附活化能为20.04 kJ/mol, 表现为扩散控制的活性化学吸附过程。 相似文献
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针对电镀、冶金、印染等行业产生的含铬废水所导致的环境污染难题,以城市污泥热解获得的污泥基生物炭(SB)为载体,制备了污泥基生物炭负载纳米零价铁(nZVI-SB)材料用于去除水中的Cr(VI),探究了铁炭质量比、初始pH值、投加量、温度等因素对去除Cr(VI)的影响。通过SEM-EDS、XRD和XPS等手段对nZVI-SB去除Cr(VI)的机制进行分析。结果表明:nZVI-SB对Cr(VI)废水具有较好的去除能力。在投加量0.5 g/L、初始pH=2、温度40℃条件下, Fe与SB质量比为1∶1的nZVI-SB(1∶1)对Cr(VI)吸附量最大为150.60 mg/g。Cr(VI)去除过程可通过Langmuir吸附等温式与准二级动力学方程进行拟合。nZVI-SB对Cr(VI)去除机制主要包括吸附、还原和共沉淀。本文表明污泥基生物炭与纳米零价铁可以协同发挥除Cr(VI)作用。 相似文献
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核工业发展产生的含铀废水对人类健康和生态环境产生严重威胁。对含铀废水的有效化处理是核能绿色发展的重要保证。采用化学聚合法合成了一种新型聚苯胺包覆碳点功能化锰钴金属氧化物(CMC20%/PANI)。吸附剂表面丰富的氧、氮基团为U(VI)的高效捕获提供活性位点。采用静态吸附法研究了材料去除溶液中U(VI)的性能。因此,在pH=5、120 min,CMC20%/PANI对U(VI)的吸附容量达到285 mg/g。吸附过程符合准二级动力学和Sips模型,表明吸附剂对铀涉及单层和多层的化学吸附,并且Sips拟合的理论吸附容量为659.7 mg/g。吸附机制研究表明:静电吸引、孔扩散以及含氧、氮基团的络合配位作用成为CMC20%/PANI对U(VI)的主要去除机制。 相似文献
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《Advanced Powder Technology》2022,33(9):103722
Through a facile hydrothermal method, we have successfully prepared Ti3C2/Bi2.15WO6 (TC/BWO) composite, and systematically investigated their reactivity for the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) under visible light. X-ray diffraction and Raman analysis confirm the formation of heterostructure between Bi2.15WO6 and Ti3C2. The resultant 7TC/BWO composite exhibits enhanced photoactivity toward Cr(VI) reduction. After 120 min irradiation, the conversion of Cr(VI) reaches 92.5% with the quasi-first-order kinetic constant of k = 0.0145 min?1, which is higher than that of pure BWO (30% and k = 0.0005 min?1). The electrochemical and photoluminescent characterization confirm that the introduction of Ti3C2 is conducive to the separation of carriers, thus significantly improves the photocatalytic performance of TC/BWO. Furthermore, the radical capture experiments verify that the electrons are important for enhancing reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III). As a result, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of the reduction of Cr(VI) by TC/BWO composite under visible light. 相似文献
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Zhiming Sun Guangyuan Yao Yanlei Xue Wen Sun Shuilin Zheng 《Particulate Science and Technology》2017,35(4):379-386
Carbon @ diatomite (C@DE) nanocomposite was synthesized using glucose as precursor and purified diatomite as carrier through a facile hydrothermal carbonization process. The microstructure and interface properties of the obtained nanocomposites were characterized by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XPS and zeta potential analyzer. A batch adsorption study showed that the adsorption process was very fast and the kinetic data well fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Compared to pure carbon materials, the C@DE nanocomposite exhibits higher adsorption ability for Cr (VI). This kind of nanocomposite is a promising candidate as an adsorbent for the removal of Cr (VI) ions from wastewater. 相似文献
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Shuaishuai Peng Jingxia Yang Lei Guo Jinjie Wang Jiachang Zhao Jingli Xu Zhiquan Li 《Advanced Materials Interfaces》2020,7(9)
CeO2 with different morphologies (nanoparticles/NP, nanorods/NR, nanocubes/NC, nano‐octahedra/NO) are synthesized and decorated on BiOI nanoplates substrates to form CeO2@BiOI composites, which are used for aqueous Cr(VI) degradation. The intersurface states between BiOI and diverse CeO2 nanoparticles exhibit distinct behaviors when checked by XPS and photoluminescence intensity. The Cr(VI) degradation results show that the synthesized CeO2@BiOI nanocomposites possess higher photocatalytic activity than pure CeO2 or BiOI, and the CeO2‐NP@BiOI nanocomposite (molar ratio of CeO2: BiOI = 1:2) is the best one among them, with which the Cr(VI) is degraded up to 95.0% after 30 min irradiation using it as the photocatalyst. The superior catalytic performance of CeO2‐NP@BiOI can be attributed to a higher Ce3+ ratio of CeO2‐NP, a larger specific surface area, relatively low OH/CO32− content on the composite surface, and especially the good interaction between the CeO2 (111) facet and the BiOI surface. 相似文献
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Lanju Sun Jikai Sun Shengliang Zhai Hongyan Yang Xiaokang Chen Wei-Qiao Deng Hao Wu 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(26):2300914
Previously, heat treatment was the only feasible route for tuning the crystal phases of niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5). With the use of Nb2CTx MXene precursors, the first case of phase tuning of Nb2O5 in the low-temperature hydrothermal synthesis using sulfuric acid regulating agents is presented. By varying the amount of the agent, four pure-phase Nb2O5 crystals and mixed phases in-between are obtained. The required amount is found to be related to the H-covered surface energy calculated based on density functional theory. Overall, MXene-derived B-phase Nb2O5 is of particular interest due to its exceptionally high capacities as lithium-ion battery anodes, which are three times higher than the routine synthesized one. Oxygen vacancies induced by crystallographic shear would be responsible for the extraordinary performance. The proposed phase tuning strategy encourages the prudent synthesis of difficult-to-obtain crystal phases. 相似文献
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以硅藻精土为基体,MnCl2和NaOH为复合改性剂制备了针对As(V)离子的吸附剂。研究了MnCl2-NaOH/硅藻土吸附剂用量对As(V)去除率的影响,通过SEM、FT-IR、XRD、XPS对改性前后及吸附后的样品进行了微观分析。结果表明:随着吸附剂投量的增加,溶液中As(V)的去除率从44.9%增加到93.9%。改性后硅藻基体未发生改变,MnCl2-NaOH/硅藻土吸附剂平均孔径变大,比表面积增大近7倍。硅藻土经改性后红外活性羟基峰消失,表面新生成Mn-O-Si吸收峰,在XRD数据上显示新生成含有MnO2的物相,表面Mn得到电子,通过氧化与硅藻表面形成复合接枝,吸附剂吸附溶液中含As(V)的离子后,出现Mn3(AsO4)(OH)4等物相,吸附过程中As得电子,Mn失电子,O、Si表面电子向As偏移,As在吸附剂表面的吸附方式有配位吸附、电荷吸附等。 相似文献