使用支持向量机的纹理识别方法

将支持向量机应用到纹理识别领域,提出了一种基于支持向量机和小波变换的新型纹理识别方法。该方法用小波变换各子带图像共生矩阵参数、分析窗口大小、像素均值和像素标准差等参数作为纹理特征,解决了描述不同尺度纹理的难题。以多类支持向量机作为分类器,用输出纠错码把二分类器扩展到多类,提高了分类器的泛化能力。在包含25类单色自然纹理的图像库上进行识别试验,结果表明,该方法识别错误率小于10%,识别正确率比传统的贝叶斯等方法提高了2%左右,获得了更高的识别正确率,且推广性更好。     

架构于双树轮廓波及GGD模型的纹理图像检索

提出一种基于双树轮廓波变换的纹理图像检索方法.双树轮廓波由塔型双树方向滤波器组构建,它保持了轮廓波灵活的方向选择性,同时克服了传统轮廓波不具有移不变性的缺点.根据双树轮廓波系数的统计特性,本文利用广义高斯分布对各子带进行建模,采用矩估计法提取模型参数,并用KL距离度量图像之间的相似度,实现纹理图像检索.为评价检索性能,从Brodatz图库创建了包含800幅纹理图像的数据库.实验结果表明,本文算法的平均检索率比基于小波和轮廓波的方法分别提高了10.46%和6.94%,而且保持了较高的计算效率.     

电动剃须刀刀片旋转异响的声学检测方法研究

为解决目前电动剃须刀刀片旋转异响声人工检测效率低、经验要求高的问题,提出一种将小波变换和人工鱼群算法优化的支持向量机相结合的声学检测方法。该方法首先通过离散小波变换对电动剃须刀刀片旋转声信号进行小波分解和重构,将获得的各层相对小波能量作为样本特征参量,然后采用人工鱼群算法对支持向量机进行优化,最后使用优化后的模型对样本进行训练和分类识别。研究结果表明,人工鱼群算法优化的支持向量机在识别率方面优于传统支持向量机,样本识别率可达95%以上。     

基于系数关系共生矩阵和SVM的纹理分析

纹理是图像中非常重要的特征.提出了一种新的纹理特征提取算法,即对纹理图像进行离散小渡框架变换后,利用同一变换尺度下的小波高频系数与低频系数之间的依存关系信息,构造系数共生矩阵,在此基础上进行纹理特征提取,而不是独立地提取各子带系数特征.考虑支撑向量机(SVM)在小样本数据库和泛化能力方面的优势,在分类实验中采用支撑向量机分类器,实验结果表明,基于这种共生矩阵特征提取分类算法能得到很好的分类结果.     

基于支持向量机的坦克识别算法

本文提出了一种基于支持向量机的坦克识别算法。在对图像预处理之后，运用颜色和纹理信息进行分割，采用基于数学形态学的算法求得边缘像素，提取具有RST不变性的轮廓特征向量，输入支持向量机进行训练和识别。将支持向量机与传统的人工神经网络的算法进行了对比实验，实验表明基于支持向量机的坦克识别算法具有更好的性能。     

基于小波变换和SVM的人脸识别

提出了基于小波变换和支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)的人脸识别算法。该算法通过小波变换的多分辨率分析形成人脸图像的低频小波子图,然后利用主分量分析构造特征脸子空间,最后由SVM进行分类。在ORL人脸数据库上的实验结果表明该方法具有良好的性能。     

分类算法在纹理识别研究中的应用

本文将机器学习中最常用的两种分类算法——K近邻法和支持向量机应用到纹理识别的研究中,以Oumx、Brodatz以及CUReT三个公共纹理库中的纹理图像为研究对象,分别使用K近邻法、支持向量机算法进行纹理识别实验,并对最终的识别结果做了分析与比较。综合三个纹理库的识别结果,我们发现相较于K近邻法,支持向量机的识别效果较好,能够较准确的实现对纹理图像的识别。     

复数轮廓波变换纹理图像检索系统

针对基本轮廓波变换纹理图像检索系统检索率低下的问题,提出了一种基于复数轮廓波变换(CCT)的纹理图像检索系统.该系统采用的复数轮廓波变换由双树复小波变换级联临界下采样方向滤波器构成,特征向量采用子带系数的能量和标准偏差连接而成,以Canberra距离为相似度度量标准;比较了基于同样架构的基本轮廓波变换(CT)、无下采样轮廓波变换(NSCT)、半下采样轮廓波变换(CTS)和CCT纹理检索系统的性能.实验结果表明:在特征向量长度、检索时间、所需存储空间基本相同的情况下,基于CCT的检索系统比CT、CTS和NSCT检索系统具有更高的检索率;各种轮廓波变换分解结构尺度数对检索率也有较大的影响.     

基于改进麻雀算法优化支持向量机的滚动轴承故障诊断研究

针对群智能算法优化支持向量机模型应用在滚动轴承故障诊断领域中易陷入局部最优、准确率较低的问题,提出了一种基于改进麻雀算法(sparrow search algorithm, SSA)优化支持向量机(support vector machine, SVM)的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先引入均匀化分布Chebyshev混沌映射初始化麻雀种群,以提高种群空间分布均匀性,之后将自适应惯性权重融入麻雀算法的发现者位置更新,最后对更新位置后的最优麻雀进行随机游走扰动,提高算法的全局和局部搜索能力,避免算法陷入局部最优。将该算法用于支持向量机的参数优化,构建改进麻雀算法优化支持向量机故障诊断模型实现对轴承故障信号的分类诊断。滚动轴承故障诊断试验分析结果表明,该算法模型故障分类效果明显优于粒子群算法优化支持向量机模型、遗传算法优化支持向量机模型和麻雀算法优化支持向量机模型,能够有效识别滚动轴承各故障类型。     

时频图像特征用于声场景分类

为解决根据音频流识别声场景的问题,对音频信号进行恒Q变换,得到其时频表达图像,然后进行滤波平滑等处理,随之提取能够表述信号谱能量变化方向信息的梯度直方图特征,以及能够捕捉信号谱纹理信息的局部二值模式特征,输入具有线性核函数的支持向量机分类器,对不同声场景数据进行分类实验。结果表明,相对于传统的时频域特征和梅尔频率倒谱系数特征,所提出的特征基本能够捕捉到给定声场景具有区分度的信息,所得分类率更高,且两者的互补作用使得联合特征分类效果达到最优,该方法为声信号特征提取贡献了一种新思路。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

中国质量(北京)大会(英文)

正Themed on"quality,innovation,development",the first China Quality Conference(Beijing)was held in the Great Hall of the People on September 15.Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivered an important speech at the conference.State Councilor Yang Jing and Wang Yong attended the conference with over 600 domestic and international representatives from foreign,regional and international quality organizations     

National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization

正The National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization was held in Beijing on July 15,2014.Wang Min,the Deputy-Minister of the Ministry of Land and Resources,and Yin Minghan,the Chief-Engineer of SAC addressed the meeting.Representatives from relevant competent departments and technical committees were present.The meeting aims to summarize work,discuss existing problems and make clear working thoughts,promoting standardization work of land and resources to a new level.Wang Min pointed out that the standardization work of land and resources should be centered on the basic principles of"protecting land and resources dutifully,intensively and economically utilizing land and resources,and making all-out efforts to safeguard the public’s rights and interests",highlighted the