氧化还原法制备SnO2纳米棒的研究

在聚氧乙烯五醚(NP5)、聚氧乙烯九醚(NP9)和环己烷组成的微乳体系中用氧化还原法制备SnO2前驱物,然后在熔盐中再经800℃、860℃焙烧2.5h,成功地制备了金红石结构的SnO2纳米棒,并用透射电子显微镜,X射线衍射对SnO2纳米棒的结构进行了表征.     

Co3O4纳米颗粒的制备及表征

以脱脂棉为碳源,硝酸钴为前驱物,采用碳辅助法焙烧制备了粒径为50nm Co3O4纳米颗粒。用X射线衍射(XRD)对不同焙烧温度(200~600℃)下样品的物相、晶粒度进行了研究,并结合傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)对Co3O4物相演变进行了分析,确定中间产物前躯体是CoCO3;通过扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对制备的Co3O4样品的形貌、粒径进行了分析;同时,X射线能谱(EDS)和氮气吸附-脱附曲线测试等表明制备的Co3O4表面存在碳元素和孔结构,具有较大的比表面积,有利于提升其光解水制氢能力。     

纳米颗粒自组装合成氧化锆奇异纳米结构的研究

通过微乳液方法制备了Zr(OH)4前驱体,在添加KCl的条件下对其进行热处理,获得了ZrO2的奇异纳米结构,包括规则的六边形纳米颗粒、纳米晶须和纳米管.试验表明,氯离子在纳米颗粒自组装过程中起着重要作用.采用透射电镜(TEM)、选取电子衍射(SAED)和X射线衍射(XRD)对试样进行了分析表征.     

磁控溅射WS2薄膜的制备工艺及其性能

采用孪生中频磁控溅射的方法在低温条件下制备了WS2薄膜,利用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDX)、显微硬度仪、划痕仪和球盘式摩擦磨损试验机对薄膜的物相结构、微观形貌以及摩擦学性能进行了研究。结果表明:所制备的WS2薄膜呈现出明显的(002)晶面择优生长,S/W原子比1.52,在大气环境中摩擦系数可低于0.01,载荷与转速对薄膜的摩擦系数影响显著,在一定范围内加大载荷和提高转速都会增大其摩擦系数。     

SOI基上制备CuO纳米线

在SOI基上制备光电纳米器件具有良好的光电集成应用前景,通过铜膜生长法在SOI基上制备了形貌为类针状的Cu(OH)2前驱体纳米线,并采用热处理法600℃条件下成功制备了CuO纳米线。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射测试(XRD)对样品结构、形貌进行了表征。SEM、TEM测试结果表明,Cu(OH)2前驱体纳米线结构一致,尺寸均匀,表面光滑。在Cu(OH)2前驱体纳米线上二次生长的CuO纳米线具有类蒲草状细长光滑的结构,CuO纳米线直径约为80~100nm,长度约为10μm,CuO纳米线结晶性良好。     

La9.33(SiO4)6O2粉末的熔盐法合成及其电解质导电性研究

采用熔盐法于900℃成功合成了La9.33(SiO4)6O2前驱粉体,并在1500℃烧结成瓷.利用X射线粉末衍射和环境扫描电镜对样品的物相和形貌进行了分析和表征,结果证明合成产物为磷灰石相,其陶瓷电解质晶体颗粒饱满均匀,有较好的致密性.采用交流阻抗谱研究了材料的导电性,发现用熔盐法制备La9.33(SiO4)6O2陶瓷...     

纳米La2O3的反相微乳法制备和表征

通过一种简单的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO-3)-环己烷-氨水微乳液体系制得了纳米La2O3.利用傅立叶转换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、激光粒径分布仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征了所得样品的形貌和结构.结果表明,该方法所得纳米La2O3的粒径分布均匀;纳米La2O3前驱体表...     

在SOI材料上制备高质量的氧化铪薄膜

用电子束蒸发氧化铪靶的方法．在SOI(绝缘体上硅)材料上制备了氧化铪薄膜，随后在氮气中进行快速退火(600℃．300s)。借助掠角X射线衍射(GAXRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)技术分析了样品的微观结构．研究了样品在退火前后发生的组成及结构变化．结果表明退火后氧化铪薄膜由退火前的非晶态转变为单斜结构的多晶态，薄膜中的O／Hf原子比较退火前更接近化学计量比2。借助扩展电阻探针(SRP)技术考察了退火前后薄膜的电学性能．证明在SOI材料上制备的多晶氧化铪薄膜同样具有较好的电介质绝缘性能。     

配合物热分解制备氮化镓纳米线及其生长机理研究

报道了利用VLS生长机制,在NH3气氛中,由配合物GaCl3·NH3在高温下热分解反应成功制备了GaN纳米线,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨电镜(HRTEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)等分析手段对产物进行了表征,并对氮化镓纳米线的VLS生长机理进行了探讨。     

甘氨酸-硝酸盐燃烧法制备Beta-Al_2O_3固体电解质研究

甘氨酸(GNP)为还原剂、硝酸盐为氧化剂,利用甘氨酸-硝酸盐燃烧法制备beta-Al_2O_3前驱粉料。利用热分析(TG/DSC)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、核磁共振(NMR)和交流阻抗谱(EIS)等测试技术对beta-Al_2O_3的合成工艺进行研究。结果表明:该法合成beta-Al_2O_3前驱粉料的温度为1150℃,比固相反应法低了150℃,平均粒径约为42.0nm,具有较好的成型和烧结性能。将素坯在1620℃保温烧结,得到的烧结体的结构中Al(Ⅳ)和Al(Ⅵ)分别位于δ=45和δ=-6附近,相对密度为97.6%;350℃时的离子电导率为0.046S·cm~(-1)。     

硫化钨花形二维纳米晶的控制生长研究

以氧化钨为原料,硫化氢为气源在阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板基底上采用气固法制备出了硫化钨花形二维纳米晶体.采用x射线衍射(XRD)、电子透射显微镜(TEM)和场发射电子扫描显微镜(SEM)等手段对所制备的样品进行了检测分析,证实所得灰黑色产物是硫化钨单晶,片状单晶长宽约为几个微米,厚度约30nm.本文对纳米花晶体的制备、影响因素等进行了初步探讨.     

Comparative study of mechanical and wear behavior of Cu/WS_2 composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering and hot pressing

The mechanical and wear behavior of copper-tungsten disulfide(Cu/WS_2) composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering(SPS) and hot pressing(HP) was investigated, comparatively. Results indicated that the addition of lubricant WS_2 substantially reduced wear rate of the Cu matrix composites fabricated by SPS,and the optimum content of WS_2 is 20 wt% with regard to the wear behavior. However, it affected a little to the wear rate while dramatically decreased the friction coefficient of the composite fabricated by HP.This difference in friction behavior of the self-lubricating composites fabricated by the two techniques was closely related to their different mechanical properties. Severe interfacial reaction occurred during spark plasma sintering, leading to brittle phase formation at interface.     

Synthesis,characterization and formation mechanism of monodispersed Gd<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>2</Subscript>S:Eu<Superscript>3+</Superscript> nanocrystals

Monodispersed Gd₂O₂S:Eu³⁺ nanostructures with tunable morphologies have been selectively fabricated by solvothermal method in the presence of stable inorganic precursors avoiding metalorganic precursors. The size and morphology of the products were controlled successfully by adjusting the reaction conditions. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The corresponding UV absorption and photoluminescence excitation spectra show a significant blue-shift confirming the quantum confinement effect. A possible growth mechanism for the formation of monodispersed Gd₂O₂S:Eu³⁺ nanocrystals has been proposed. The luminescence mechanism and the size dependence of their fluorescence properties are also discussed.     

纳米碳酸铝铵前驱体制备的研究

以硫酸铝铵(NH4Al(SO4)2)和碳酸氢铵(NH4HCO3)为主要原料,采用沉淀法制备纳米碳酸铝铵(AACH)前驱体,并利用X射线衍射(XRD),透射电镜(TEM)对前驱体的物相和形貌进行表征.研究表明,滴定速度和陈化时间对前驱体的形貌略有影响,而滴定方式和pH值对其影响较大.将硫酸铝铵溶液滴入碳酸氢铵溶液中,调节体系的pH值9-10,并将其陈化12小时,可以得到较好的前驱体.     

Copper-containing mixed metal oxides derived from layered precursors: control of their compositions and catalytic properties

In this article, a series of Cu-containing mixed metal oxides were obtained by calcination of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) precursors with Cu/Zn/Al atomic ratios ranging from 1:3:1 to 3:1:1 in synthesis mixture at 773 K. The materials were characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), nitrogen sorption experiments, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicate that Cu/Zn/Al cationic ratios in precursors could control the compositions of surface species on the resultant calcined LDHs. Furthermore, The catalytic activities of phenol oxidation in aqueous solutions by hydrogen peroxide over the calcined LDHs as catalysts were also tested. It is found that the high catalytic activity is relative to the high amount and dispersion of composite metal oxides containing active Cu²⁺ reaction centers on the surface of calcined samples, and the lattice oxygen species on the surface are beneficial to the deep oxidation of phenol.     

Complex Precursors for Doped Lanthanum Chromite Synthesis

Doped lanthanum chromites are investigated as ceramic interconnect materials to be used in high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). This paper deals with the preparation of LaCr_1–x M _x O₃ (M = Ni, Cu, x = 0 – 0.2) from complex precursors isolated in the La(NO₃)₃-Cr(NO₃)₃-M(NO₃)₂-urea system. The isolated complex precursors were characterized by atomic absorption spectrometry, electronic, and FT-IR spectra, as well as, by thermal analysis. Doped lanthanum chromites, LaCr_1–x M _x O₃ (M = Ni, Cu) were prepared by calcining of corresponding urea-based precursors at 1000-1200°C for 2 h. Doped mixed-oxide samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron-microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), electrical conductivity, as well as magnetic measurements.     

巯基功能化短孔道有序介孔材料HS-Zr-Ce-SBA-15的合成及吸附性能

以P123为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）为硅源,氧氯化锆和硝酸亚铈为无机前驱盐,3-巯基丙基-三甲氧基硅烷（MPTMS）为硅烷化试剂,通过一步共缩聚法合成了巯基功能化短孔道有序介孔材料HS-Zr-Ce-SBA-15（HS-ZCS）。采用红外光谱（FT-IR）、小角X射线衍射（LXRD）、透射电镜（TEM）、扫描电镜（SEM）、N2吸附/脱附、热重分析（TG）等手段对HS-ZCS进行了表征。结果表明MPTMS成功地引入到有序介孔材料上,HS-ZCS仍保持了类似于传统SBA-15高度有序的二维六方相介孔结构。对罗丹明6G的吸附实验表明,这种功能化短孔道介孔材料表现出比传统的长孔道SBA-15有更好的传输能力。     

单晶PZT-CFO铁电-铁磁复合纳米纤维的制备与磁学性能研究

以不同锆掺杂量的前钙钛矿结构钛酸铅和铁酸钴为原料,采用原位固相烧结法合成了一系列单晶锆钛酸铅-铁酸钴(PZT-CFO)复合纳米纤维。X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和能谱分析结果表明,一维单晶PZT-CFO复合纳米纤维同时存在钙钛矿相的锆钛酸铅和尖晶石相的铁酸钴。高分辨透射电子显微镜研究证实锆钛酸铅和铁酸钴之间存在外延生长关系。采用振动样品磁强计对PZT-CFO复合纳米纤维的磁学性能进行测试,发现该复合纳米纤维具有明显的铁磁性能,其剩余磁化强度和矫顽力随着锆掺杂量的增加而增加。     

以纳米SO_2粒子为模板由不同炭前躯体制备中孔炭(英文)

以纳米SO2粒子为模板,酚醛树脂、中间相沥青和聚丙烯腈为炭前躯体制备中孔炭。利用氮气吸附、元素分析和X-射线光电子能谱等分析了不同种类炭前躯体对中孔炭的影响。结果表明:在炭化温度和纳米粒子添加量相同的情况下,不同炭前躯体所制中孔炭的孔结构和表面化学性质不同。中间相沥青基中孔炭中微孔和中孔含量最少,酚醛基中孔炭中含有丰富的微孔和中孔,聚丙烯腈基中孔炭中含有大量的含氮官能团。     

A facile route to synthesis of AgInS2 nanostructures

AgInS₂ nanoparticles have been synthesized via a facile one-step process using AgNO₃, thiosemicarbazid (TSC) and InCl₃·4H₂O as starting reagents from propylene glycol solution. The effects of concentration of precursors, reaction time and type of sulfur sources on the morphology and particle size were also studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were used to characterize the obtained products.