面向网络化协同设计的合作对象管理研究

针对敏捷制造及其模式,提出一个以协同设计思想为指导的产品协同设计环境,用于支持分布式异地协同设计,协调设计过程中各设计人员之间交换、共享产品设计信息和知识的过程.在此基础上,从CSCW支撑平台的角度分析角色-权限管理功能,进而提出应用系统所需要的角色定义及其合作伙伴管理功能.通过对应用工具集成、协同过程控制、通信与信息共享、产品数据管理等功能的实现达到信息集成、过程集成和组织集成的目的,从而提高产品设计过程及其设计决策的效率和质量.     

基于CSCW的多AGENT协同式项目协调与管理系统研究

在并行工程项目协调与管理的体系结构基础上，结合项目协调与管理系统的具体的特点，引入CSCW及Agent等新技术，建立一种基于CSCW的多AGENT协同式项目协调与管理系统的原型，对CSCW环境的构造以及各Agent的内部结构进行了分析与设计。     

基于综合集成法的复杂产品协同设计过程模型及框架研究

建立过程模型及框架,将设计过程有效地表达出来,是协同设计的基础。论文针对复杂产品设计过程的特征,根据综合集成法,建立了一个以时间、粒度、并行度三维分布的多层次复杂产品协同设计过程模型。该过程模型在时间维强调多阶段综合,在并行度维强调多专业综合,在粒度维强调分解与综合的迭代。在该过程模型基础上,结合专家体系、知识体系、机器体系,提出基于综合集成法的复杂产品协同设计过程框架。该框架中,机器体系依靠知识体系中的知识,给专家群体提供帮助,专家群体在机器体系提供的项目管理、群体研讨、协同决策、三维可视化等支持工具帮助下,实现人机结合、多专业结合、多阶段结合的协同设计过程,以提高复杂产品的协同设计效率。最后介绍了相关原型系统。     

模块化钢结构协同设计系统

在面向对象的钢结构设计过程中,结合工程CAD的设计特点与大规模定制的要求,提出了一种应用于模块的通用数据结构。同时将模板与模块相结合,以模块的动态性来扩充模板的应用范围与数据规模。以提高系统中模型的布置与构造效率。将模块作为网络协同设计的基本元素,结合基于冲突解决的协同设计工作机制,提出并行协同设计中多主体导致的冲突的解决方案与数据库管理与维护机制。实现了基于CAXA平台的钢结构的模块化协同设计系统。     

建筑协同设计的模型视图管理应用研究

建筑设计活动涉及多专业协同以及大量信息的共享与交换,而模型视图信息是这些信息的重要部分。模型视图管理是建筑协同设计的关键技术之一,是协调多专业信息交换与共享的重要问题。据此,论文研究了基于图层和基于对象的视图管理技术特点,并结合建筑设计阶段协同设计的特点,提出了二维建筑CAD协同设计的视图管理实施方法和基于三维模型的协同设计的视图管理实施方法;基于上述方法分别在AutoCAD和Revit的软件平台实施了协同设计模型视图管理的方法。     

面向产品全生命周期的标准件库研究与实现

设计数据是制造企业产品生命周期管理中的源头数据,设计数据的标准化、规范化很大程度决定了整个PLM系统的应用效果。据此,研究了在设计过程中物料信息的产生及在PLM系统中的传递过程以及设计工具软件与PLM系统的单一数据源理论,提出了面向产品全生命周期管理的标准件库系统的构建与实现方法;以及实现设计工具软件与PLM系统协同应用的方法。基于该理论及方法在SOLIDWORKS的软件平台上开发实现了面向产品全生命周期的标准件库系统,所开发系统已在某制造企业的设计部门得到应用,效果明显。     

异地协同设计制造关键技术及系统实现

 在分析制造业面临的新挑战以及网络化制造特点的基础上，提出了基于Web的异地协同设计制造系统的体系结构并开发了一个实际系统eCWS(e—cooperative work system )．详细介绍了该系统的功能和关键技术的实现，包括协同系统管理、协同工作管理、协同应用、约束管理和冲突消解、协同工具、安全控制、分布式产品数据管理等技术． 最后介绍了应用实例．     

基于RBAC的SQL Server 2005数据库权限管理

CSCW实现群体的协同工作,基于角色的访问控制RBAC是一种安全而高效的访问控制机制,适用于CSCW,SQL Server 2005的角色控制正是基于RBAC的设计思想,从而实现对权限的灵活且安全的管理。     

基于RBAC的SQL Server2005数据库权限管理

CSCW实现群体的协同工作,基于角色的访问控制RBAC是一种安全而高效的访问控制机制,适用于CSCW,SQL Server2005的角色控制正是基于RBAC的设计思想,从而实现对权限的灵活且安全的管理。     

基于知识的协同过程建模与实现技术研究

为实现协同过程中知识资源的优化利用,提出了基于知识的协同过程,给出了系统实现框架,研究了该系统的运行过程及相关技术,包括构建企业知识库、基于知识的协同过程的建模、运作过程中知识流与工作流的集成以及协同团队的动态评价。还简要介绍了企业间基于知识的协同过程。最后给出了一个具体应用的例子。     

基于消息的协同设计中的冲突

在由消息通信实现的协同设计中，认识和理解其内在的冲突，是CAD模型数据通信和维持数据一致的关键性问题。协同设计系统必须对协同水平和冲突的理解具有自适应能力，通常强协同对应的是强冲突，而弱协同对应的是弱冲突。对于强协同设计，为了协调强冲突，应该保证协同主体互斥地访问和操作协同客体，在此过程中可以采用协商、仲裁和模式等方式对协同中的冲突加以解决。     

基于VRML三维协同装配可视化的实现

协同化设计，拟实化评测是当前面向设计过程的两大发展方向，讨论了建立协同装配可视化环境语言，文件格式和开发工具，阐明了面向三维装配可视化开发的思路，方法和过程，提出了实现协同化装配的机制，最后，以VRML为数据载体，利用浏览器插件Cortona的API，实现了协同虚拟装配的原型系统，并利用该系统给出了某小卫星装配过程规划的具体实例。     

Synthesis of a web-based dimensional verification system for styling processes

A design methodology is proposed for a web-based collaborative system applicable to styling processes in the distributed environment. By using the developed system, design reviewers of new products are able to confirm geometric shapes, inspect dimensional information of products through measured point data and exchange views with other design reviewers on the internet. Functional requirements for the design of this web-based dimensional verification system are suggested. ActiveX-server architecture and OpenGL plug-in methods using ActiveX controls realize the proposed system. Visualization and dimensional inspection of the measured point data are conducted directly on the web; conversion of point data into a CAD file or VRML form is not required in the styling process. Dimensional verification results and design modification ideas are uploaded through markups and/or XML files during the collaboration processes. The XML files, allowing information sharing on the web, are independent of the platform. It is possible to diversify the information sharing capability among design collaborators. The validity and effectiveness of the developed system are confirmed by case studies.     

Parametric Collaborative Design of Network-based Mechanical Products

Aiming at the problems of low-level information sharing,slow transmission and repetitive work in the designing process of product series,the internet-oriented parametric collaborative design method is proposed,in which the problems of sharing conflict and network heterogeneous in the distributed collaborative design are analyzed,and the construction method of collaborative design platforms based on PDMWorks Workgroup is put forward. Through studying the mechanism of roles distribution and function allocation and data concurrency control,the communication mechanism of internet-oriented collaborative design is formulated. On the basis of structure features of overhead travelling crane,through combining parametric variant design with collaborative design,internet-oriented parametric collaborative design system of overhead travelling crane is developed and verified through main girder design. In the paper,the internet-oriented parametric collaborative design method is proposed,aiming to solve the problems of low-level information sharing,slow transmission and repetitive work in the designing process of product series. The problems of sharing conflict and network heterogeneous in the distributed collaborative design are analyzed. The construction method of collaborative design platforms based on PDMWorks Workgroup is put forward. The communication mechanism of internet-oriented collaborative design is formulated,through studying the mechanism of roles distribution and function allocation and data concurrency control. On the basis of structure features of overheadtravelling crane,through combining parametric variant design with collaborative design,internet-oriented parametric collaborative design system of overhead travelling crane is developed and verified through main girder design.     

建筑CAD网络协同设计

介绍了建筑CAD网络协同设计的概念、组织,并且进一步分析了利用互联网进行设计信息的管理、交流、维护。论述了通过AutoCAD实施来进行建筑CAD网络协同设计的方法。     

网络实时协同设计系统

为了充分利用网络资源和计算机技术,实现跨区域的信息融合,此文在客户机/服务器模式上,提出了以协同实时化、信息分布化和管理集中化为特征的实时协同CAD设计系统(RCADS)解决方案。该系统在协同设计者之间捕获实时变化的信息,交换各方动态增量数据,具有反应迅速、数据量小、稳定性好、易于维护等特点,将为现代产品设计提供一种信息交流和知识共享的有效途径。     

面向协同设计的CAD模型层次表达与渐进传输

提出一种面向协同设计的基于边界表达的层次表达模型，利用该模型对传统CAD产品数据模型的几何、拓扑、特征进行重组。研究层次表达模型中曲线、曲面简化算法，该算法采用最小二乘逼近减少自由曲线、曲面控制点数目，达到减少模型数据量的目的。实现基于精确几何描述的CAD产品数据模型的层次表达、简化及渐进传输。实验结果表明，该模型及算法具有数据量小、网络传输快速等优点。     

Collaborative design environment between ECAD and MCAD engineers in high-tech products development

In order to make more competitive electronic products, major electronics companies struggle to design products with a thin shape and complex convergence functionalities without any lead-time and cost increase. Also, the development mission of a project is changed continuously to catch up with the competitor’s products in a short time and the importance of aesthetic design is getting bigger and bigger in these days. In many cases, shape changes bring the electrical layout changes of a notebook computer main board and vise versa. Those development environmental changes make the engineers harder and harder and require more collaboration between electrical and mechanical engineers to reduce development time and design errors occur from early design stage. In this paper, a collaborative design environment consists of a web-based project management system and automated printed circuit board (PCB) generation and validation system is proposed. The web system is used for project management and design data exchange including electrical CAD (ECAD) data and related technical documents between ECAD and mechanical CAD (MCAD) engineers. By using this project management web portal, engineers can share the design information with design change history. ECAD data in Intermediate Data Format can be automatically validated in 2D domain while sending the ECAD data via web system. To generate a full 3D quality product model with PBA in MCAD side, an automated 3D PCB generation and assembly clearance checking module is developed.     

A model for synchronous collaborative design using CAD and database management

Collaborative design is currently supported through the integration of graphical representations with relational databases and the distribution of data and applications across local and wide area networks. Recent developments in computer support for synchronous collaboration have led to the development of multi-user drawing boards and video conferencing software for remote meetings. The extension of CAD for use in a collaborative design session changes the focus of collaborative design from a distribution of data to a shared workspace. Combining CAD with the concept of multi-user software introduces issues of shared visualisation and shared decision making. A model for the integration of CAD and database management in a collaborative design session is presented within a client server architecture, and an implementation of this model using AutoCAD as the shared CAD system is described.