三维有限元分析误差估计与网格自适应细化

本文给出了一种简单的三维有限元网格自动生成方法。在采用三维超收敛恢复方法进行三维有限元应力恢复的基础上，提出了有限元计算结果误差估计公式，建立了误差大小与网格尺寸的关系，并用ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ语言编制了的三维网格自动生成及其图形显示和误差估计程序。数值实例表明误差估计公式能对计算精度进行可靠的误差估计，实现了网格自适应细化。     

有限元网格修正的自适应分析及其应用

本文在对有限元变量连续条件分析的基础上，将应力误差范数用于计算结果的误差估计，使非结构化网格生成系统与有限元计算有机地结合起来，并将网格单元修正的自适应分析应用于二维应力集中问题的研究，从而实现了有限元最佳化离散，提高了有限元数值求解的可靠性和近似程度。     

四阶特征值问题的各向异性有限元方法

本文的主要目的是讨论在各向异性网络剖分下四阶特征值问题的双三次Hernmite有限元逼近。由于该网格不同于传统有限元方法中的正则性剖分或拟一致剖分,在理论分析过程中不能直接使用Sobolev插值理论。本文将利用新的技巧,导出与传统网格剖分下相同的最优误差估计。     

位移障碍下变分不等式问题的各向异性非协调有限元方法

本文研究位移障碍下二阶变分不等式问题在各向异性网格上的非协调有限元逼近。通过运用新的方法和技巧,得到了与正则网格剖分下相同的最优误差估计,从而扩展了有限元的应用范围。     

飞行器RCS计算中曲面剖分技术研究与实现

飞行器RCS预估计算是隐身技术研究中的重要研究内容。论述了利用飞行器外形的特点,在满足飞行器设计误差的前提下使用平面和柱面对飞行器的整机作NURBS曲面逼近,然后用柱面和平面剖分代替曲面的剖分。实现了飞行器整机模型的指定边长的三角剖分。这种方法不同于有限元计算的网格剖分,具有网格单元与曲面曲率无关和剖分速度快等特点。     

三维电子光学模拟器的网格自适应研究

根据微波管电子光学系统有限元数值分析的特点,介绍了微波管电子光学系统有限元网格自适应的后验误差估计方法和网格自适应加密策略,并成功地在微波管模拟器套装电子光学模拟器中实现了网格自适应技术。以单阳极无栅电子枪为例,给出了网格自适应方法的计算结果,同时比较了均匀加密与网格自适应加密的计算结果,结果表明:网格自适应加密具有更好的收敛性以及更快的收敛速度,同时也表明提出的网格自适应方法是有效的。     

逼近散乱点云数据的三角形网格精确剖分

基于自组织特征映射神经网络构建的三角形网格模型可以实现测量点云压缩后的Delaunay三角逼近剖分,但该模型存在逼近误差和边缘误差.为减小三角形网格的逼近误差和边缘误差,构建了精确逼近的三角形网格模型.首先采用整个测量点云,对三角形网格模型中的所有神经元进行整体训练;然后对三角形网格中的网格神经元的位置权重,沿网格顶点法矢方向进行修正;最后采用测量点云中的边界点集,对三角形网格模型中的网格边界神经元进行训练.算例表明,应用该模型,可以有效减小三角形网格的边缘误差,三角形网格逼近散乱点云的逼近精度得到大幅提高并覆盖散乱点云整体分布范围.     

二维Burgers方程的RKDG有限元解法?

本文应用RKDG有限元方法求解具有周期边界条件的二维非粘性Burgers方程,并给出稳定性分析和误差估计。基于一致网格剖分,采用Q1矩形元和广义斜率限制器进行数值模拟。在相同网格剖分下与三角元相比,矩形元剖分的自由度较少,计算复杂度低,易于实现。     

特征值问题各向异性非协调有限元逼近

利用紧算子谱逼近理论,给出了Stokes特征值问题的各向异性非协调有限元逼近方法及最优误差估计,得到了与剖分网格满足正则性或拟一致性关键假设下相同的收敛效果。     

基于混合有限差分格式的非线性奇异摄动问题的最大范数的后验误差估计

自适应移动网格算法在奇异摄动微分方程的数值解法中占有非常重要的地位,其关键技术是构造出有效的离散格式和相应的后验误差估计。基于此,对一类带参数的一阶非线性奇异摄动初值问题,给出了其连续解的稳定性估计及相关推论。然后,在任意非均匀网格上,利用向后欧拉公式和一阶中心有限差分格式建立了一个混合有限差分格式,并严格分析了离散解的稳定性。同时,基于连续解的稳定性估计和分段线性插值技术,推导出混合有限差分格式的最大范数的后验误差估计。利用该后验误差估计选择了一个最优的网格控制函数,并结合网格等分布原理设计了一个自适应网格生成算法。最后的数值实验验证了自适应移动网格算法的有效性,且算法的平均收敛阶可达到二阶。数值结果进一步表明自适应移动网格的误差明显小于 Shishkin 网格的误差,且其收敛阶也高于 Shishkin 网格计算得到的收敛阶。     

Adaptive Poly-FEM for the analysis of plane elasticity problems

In this work, we present an adaptive polygonal finite element method (Poly-FEM) for the analysis of two-dimensional plane elasticity problems. The generation of meshes consisting of n ? sided polygonal finite elements is based on the generation of a centroidal Voronoi tessellation (CVT). An unstructured tessellation of a scattered point set, that minimally covers the proximal space around each point in the point set, is generated whereby the method also includes tessellation of nonconvex domains. In this work, we propose a region by region adaptive polygonal element mesh generation. A patch recovery type of stress smoothing technique that utilizes polygonal element patches for obtaining smooth stresses is proposed for obtaining the smoothed finite element stresses. A recovery type a ? posteriori error estimator that estimates the energy norm of the error from the recovered solution is then adopted for the Poly-FEM. The refinement of the polygonal elements is then made on an region by region basis through a refinement index. For the numerical integration of the Galerkin weak form over polygonal finite element domains, we resort to classical Gaussian quadrature applied to triangular subdomains of each polygonal element. Numerical examples of two-dimensional plane elasticity problems are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed adaptive Poly-FEM.     

Application of h‐adaptive FEM and Zarka's approach to analysis of shakedown problems

The Zarka shakedown approach and the h‐adaptive finite element method are applied to evaluate residual stresses resulting from arbitrary cyclic loading. Two error indicators are used to refine the mesh: the explicit residual one which controls accuracy of the momentum balance and the interpolation error indicator which controls approximation of the modified back stresses. Validation tests performed for the Zarka method of simplified shakedown analysis suggest that such an approach may be used to obtain a quick estimate of residual states with the error acceptable for engineering purposes. Thus, it has been applied to compute residual stresses arising from service load in railroad rails. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Adaptive superposition of finite element meshes in elastodynamic problems

An adaptive finite element procedure is developed for modelling transient phenomena in elastic solids, including both wave propagation and structural dynamics. Although both temporal and spatial adaptivity are addressed, the novel feature of the formulation is the use of mesh superposition to produce spatial refinement (referred to as s‐adaptivity) in transient problems. Spatial error estimation is based on superconvergent patch recovery of higher‐order accurate stresses and is used to guide mesh adaptivity, while the temporal error estimation is based on the assumption of linearly varying third‐order time derivatives of the displacement field and is used to adjust the time step size for the HHT‐α variant of the Newmark direct numerical integration method. Spatial adaptivity of the mesh is performed using a hierarchical h‐refinement scheme that is efficiently implemented using a structured version of finite element mesh superposition. This particular spatial adaptivity scheme is extremely fast and consequently makes it feasible to repeatedly update both the mesh and the time increment as required in an adaptive transient analysis. This work represents the initial effort in applying this type of spatial adaptivity to transient problems. Three example problems are given to demonstrate the performance characteristics of the s‐adaptive procedure. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A p‐hierarchical adaptive procedure for the scaled boundary finite element method

This paper describes a p‐hierarchical adaptive procedure based on minimizing the classical energy norm for the scaled boundary finite element method. The reference solution, which is the solution of the fine mesh formed by uniformly refining the current mesh element‐wise one order higher, is used to represent the unknown exact solution. The optimum mesh is assumed to be obtained when each element contributes equally to the global error. The refinement criteria and the energy norm‐based error estimator are described and formulated for the scaled boundary finite element method. The effectivity index is derived and used to examine quality of the proposed error estimator. An algorithm for implementing the proposed p‐hierarchical adaptive procedure is developed. Numerical studies are performed on various bounded domain and unbounded domain problems. The results reflect a number of key points. Higher‐order elements are shown to be highly efficient. The effectivity index indicates that the proposed error estimator based on the classical energy norm works effectively and that the reference solution employed is a high‐quality approximation of the exact solution. The proposed p‐hierarchical adaptive strategy works efficiently. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A simple error estimator and adaptive procedure for practical engineerng analysis

A new error estimator is presented which is not only reasonably accurate but whose evaluation is computationally so simple that it can be readily implemented in existing finite element codes. The estimator allows the global energy norm error to be well estmated and alos gives a good evaluation of local errors. It can thus be combined with a full adaptive process of refinement or, more simply, provide guidance for mesh redesign which allows the user to obtain a desired accuracy with one or two trials. When combined with an automatic mesh generator a very efficient guidance process to analysis is avaiable. Estimates other than the energy norm have successfully been applied giving, for instance, a predetermined accuracy of stresses.     

Smart computational fracture of materials and structures

The use of the finite element method for complex engineering problems is now common. To ease the burden on the engineer the development of smart or adaptive computational methods is now required to model complex problems. In this paper we investigate the development of an adaptive finite element method for fracture-related problems. The adaptive method involves various stages which include the finite element analysis, error estimation/indication, mesh refinement and fracture/failure analysis in a loop. Some simple error estimators, based on stress projection, are used to investigate the adaptive finite element process. Element refinement is based on three schemes; the first and second are a simple and hierarchical refinement scheme with transitioning which avoids the need for constraint equations between element boundaries. Another scheme based on constraint equations between elements is also examined. The energy norm is used to estimate the element error. The software has the ability to introduce a discrete fracture in the structure according to standard fracture analysis practice. Crack tip parameters are calculated using a least-squares fit of the displacements into the asymptotic crack tip displacement field. Some simple examples are used to investigate the adaptive process, its behavior and some of the practical problems encountered. The convergence and equilibrium of the adaptive process, in terms of global error in the energy norm, are investigated. In the example the same problem is analyzed using both a fine computational grid and a coarse one. The coarse mesh is then adapted using the three different procedures available. The estimated error in the solution and the stress intensity are shown against the number of elements and number of iterations. Some further areas of research in adaptive finite element analysis are discussed.     

Local boundary value problems for the error in FE approximation of non‐linear diffusion systems

In this work we investigate the a posteriori error estimation for a class of non‐linear, multicomponent diffusion operators, which includes the Stefan–Maxwell equations. The local error indicators for the global error are based on local boundary value problems, which are chosen to approximate either the global residual of the finite element approximation or the global linearized error equation. Using representative numerical examples, it is shown that the error indicators based on the latter approach are more accurate for estimating the global error for this problem class as the problem becomes more non‐linear, and can even produce better adaptive mesh refinement (AMR). In addition, we propose a new local error indicator for the error in output functionals that is accurate, inexpensive to compute, and is suitable for AMR, as demonstrated by numerical examples. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A postprocessed error estimate and an adaptive procedure for the semidiscrete finite element method in dynamic analysis

In the paper we present a postprocessed type of a posteriori error estimate and a h-version adaptive procedure for the semidiscrete finite element method in dynamic analysis. In space the super-convergent patch recovery technique is used for determining higher-order accurate stresses and, thus, a spatial error estimate. In time a postprocessing technique is developed for obtaining a local error estimate for one step time integration schemes (the HHT-α method). Coupling the error estimate with a mesh generator, a h-version adaptive finite element procedure is presented for two-dimensional dynamic analysis. It updates the spatial mesh and time step automatically so that the discretization errors are controlled within specified tolerances. Numerical studies on different problems are presented for demonstrating the performances of the proposed adaptive procedure.     

A Posteriori Error Estimates of Lowest Order Raviart-Thomas Mixed Finite Element Methods for Bilinear Optimal Control Problems

A Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element discretization for general bilinear optimal control problems is discussed. The state and co-state are approximated by lowest order Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element spaces, and the control is discretized by piecewise constant functions. A posteriori error estimates are derived for both the coupled state and the control solutions, and the error estimators can be used to construct more efficient adaptive finite element approximations for bilinear optimal control problems. An adaptive algorithm to guide the mesh refinement is also provided. Finally, we present a numerical example to demonstrate our theoretical results.     

Adaptive computational methods for variational inequalities based on mixed formulations

This work describes concepts for a posteriori error estimation and adaptive mesh design for finite element models where the solution is subjected to inequality constraints. These methods are developed here for several model problems. Based on these examples, unified frameworks are proposed, which provide a systematic way of adaptive error control for problems stated in form of variational inequalities. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.