TiO_2纳米管阵列电极染料敏化太阳能电池

采用电化学阳极氧化法在纯钛片表面制备了高度有序的TiO2纳米管阵列。利用SEM、XRD分别对TiO2纳米管阵列的形貌、晶型进行了表征,并通过线性扫描伏安法对N719染料敏化纳米管阵列电极的光电性能进行了研究。实验结果表明,纳米管阵列的管径和长度随着阳极氧化电压的升高和氧化时间的延长都分别相应增加。同时还发现,通过450℃热处理的TiO2纳米管阵列,具有较好的锐钛矿晶型结构,其光电转化效率为2.1%。     

染料敏化太阳能电池的研究进展

近年来,染料敏化太阳电池以其简单的制作工艺,低廉的生产成本,较高的转换效率和光明的发展前景,已经成为国际上的研究热点。本文介绍了染料敏化太阳电池的研究背景和发展过程,简述了基于纳米TiO2半导体电极材料的太阳能电池的基本结构和工作机理,,并且就染料敏化太阳电池存在的问题和发展前景给予论述。     

染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池的研究进展

半导体纳米晶颗粒形成的膜具有较大的比表面积，其表面上可以吸附大量的染料分子，因而可以有效地吸收太阳光，并将其转化为电能。介绍了染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池的基本原理以及电池的结构，着重从电池各个组成部分介绍了染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池的发展及其研究现状。     

染料敏化TiO2纳米晶多孔膜太阳能电池

对染料敏化TiO2纳米晶多孔膜太阳能电池的结构、原理进行了介绍,对电池中电荷分离、复合的机制和原因进行了说明。分析了TiO2薄膜、染料敏化和支持电解质对电池性能的影响。提出了提高电池效率的主要途径。     

染料敏化太阳能电池的TiO_2光阳极研究进展

综述了染料敏化太阳能电池(dye-sensitized solar cells,DSSC)的TiO2光阳极的研究现状及存在的问题,分析探讨了改进和提高DSSC电池性能的方法和途径,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。     

染料敏化太阳能电池的研究进展

综述了近年来关于染料敏化太阳能电池制备的研究状况,详细介绍了国内外关于二氧化钛薄膜、反电极、染料和电解质的设计思路及制备情况,并讨论了制备方法对太阳能电池性能的影响.     

介孔TiO2微球水热法合成及在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

以Ti(SO4)2为钛源,采用尿素辅助水热法合成了介孔TiO2微球,利用XRD、FESEM和比表面积分析仪对样品的晶型、形貌和比表面积进行分析,探讨了尿素加入量对TiO2微球的颗粒尺寸、比表面积、孔径和孔容的影响。采用刮涂法,用所合成的介孔TiO2微球制备了染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)的光阳极,结果表明,尿素用量为1.2g合成的介孔TiO2微球所组装的电池在模拟太阳光的照射下(100mW/cm2,AM1.5),光电转换效率为6.2%,明显高于商用P25纳晶所组装的电池光电转换效率(4.24%)。     

染料敏化太阳能电池阻挡层的制备及其性能研究

采用电子束蒸发法在光阳极导电玻璃基底上制备了一层致密的TiO2薄膜,并在氧氛围下进行不同温度的退火处理。以此TiO2薄膜为阻挡层来阻止电解质溶液中I3-与导电玻璃基底上光生电子的复合。分别利用X射线衍射（XRD）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）对此薄膜的结构和成分进行表征。制备不同厚度的TiO2阻挡层薄膜并研究其对电池光电性能的影响。实验结果表明,阻挡层的引入有效地抑制了暗反应的发生,提高了染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）的开路电压、短路电流和光电转换效率,比未引入阻挡层的DSSC的光电转换效率提高了31.5%。     

染料敏化太阳能电池的制作

主要讨论了染料敏化太阳能电池的制备过程,介绍了所做的一系列工艺优化工作,探讨了二氧化钛薄膜厚度、四氯化钛处理二氧化钛电极、大粒子散射层、酸预处理二氧化钛粉体对电池效率的影响.结果表明,用酸预处理二氧化钛粉体、用四氯化钛处理电极、在一定范围内增加电极的厚度和引入大粒子散射层均可提高电池效率.     

染料敏化太阳能电池的研究进展

光导电极材料在染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)中起到关键作用,直接影响到太阳能电池的总效率,所以一直是DSSC研究的热点.介绍了DSSC的基本工作原理,概述了当前DSSC中最流行的TiO<,2>和ZnO两种薄膜光导电极材料的制备方法,并从结构、工艺和转换效率等方面对染料敏化TiO<,2>薄膜太阳能电池和染料敏化ZnO薄膜太阳能电池进行了介绍和讨论;同时简要介绍了目前研究非常热门的叠层染料敏化太阳电池的研究进程,最后展望了染料敏化太阳能电池的未来发展前景.     

Nano-TiO2 for dye-sensitized solar cells

Photovoltaics are amongst the most popular renewable energy sources and low-cost solar cell technologies are making progress to the market. Research on dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) usually based on nanocrystalline TiO2 has been extensively pursued, and the number of papers and patents published in this area has grown exponentially over the last ten years. Research efforts have largely focused on the optimization of the dye, but recently the TiO2 nanocrystalline electrode itself has attracted more attention. It has been shown that particle size and shape, crystallinity, surface morphology and chemistry of the TiO2 material are key parameters to be controlled for optimized performance of the solar cell. This article will review the most recent research activities on nanostructured TiO2 for improvement of the DSSC performance.     

Nanostructured TiO2 films for dye-sensitized solar cells prepared by the sol-gel method

TiO2 films were prepared on glass substrates using the sol-gel process for a dye-sensitized solar cell application. The TiO2 sol was prepared using hydrolysis/polycondensation. Titanium (IV) Tetra Isopropoxide (TTIP) was used as precursor and Nitric acid (HNO3) was used as a catalyst for the peptization. The crystal structure and morphology of the prepared materials were characterized by XRD, and an SEM. The observations confirmed the nanocrystalline nature of the TiO2. The reaction parameters, such as the catalyst concentrations, the calcination time, and the calcination temperature were varied during the synthesis in order to achieve nanosize TiO2 particles. The prepared TiO2 particles were coated onto FTO glass using a screen printing technique. The prepared TiO2 films were characterized by UV-vis. The TiO2 particles calcinated at low temperatures showed an anatase phase they grew into a rutile phase when the calcination temperature increased. The size and structure of the TiO2 particles were adjusted to specific surface areas. It was found that the conversion efficiency of the DSSC was highly affected by the properties of the TiO2 particles.     

Optimization of titanium dioxide film prepared by electrophoretic deposition for dye-sensitized solar cell application

Nanocrystalline TiO₂ films were deposited on a conducting glass substrate by the electrophoretic deposition technique. It was found that the thickness of TiO₂ film increased proportionally with an increase in deposition time and deposition voltage. However, as the deposition duration or deposition voltage increased, the film surface was more discontinuous, and microcracks became more evident. The characteristic of the dye-sensitized solar cell using TiO₂ film as a working electrode was analyzed. The results of the energy conversion efficiency and the photocurrent density exhibited a relationship dependent on the TiO₂ thickness. Curve fitting of energy conversion efficiency vs. TiO₂ thickness revealed the optimum solar cell efficiency ~ 2.8% at the film thickness of ~ 14 μm.     

Effects of TiO2 structures in dye-sensitized solar cell

In this work, the effects of crystalline structure of the TiO2, which is incorporated in fabrication of the n-type electrode, on the DSSC performance were investigated in terms of the energy conversion efficiency. In this effort, TiO2 nanoparticle pastes with varying contents of rutile and anatase structures were prepared by using the ethanol mixing method. The most efficient photo-electro-chemical performance was achieved for the DSSC fabricated with the TiO2 paste in which the anatase form of the nanocrystal extends to 90%.     

Properties of dye-sensitized solar cells with TiO2 passivating layers prepared by electron-beam evaporation

The aim of this work is to prevent back transfer of electrons due to direct contact between the electrolyte and the FTO glass substrate using a TiO2 passivating layer. The TiO2 passivating layer was deposited on FTO glass by e-beam evaporation. The TiO2 film was prepared with different deposition rates. The specific surface area was reduced with increasing deposition rate. The nanoporous TiO2 upper layer was coated by screen-printing on the TiO2 passivating layer prepared by e-beam evaporation. The optical transmittance and absorbance of the TiO2 films depend on the morphology of the TiO2 passivating layer. The dye-sensitized solar cells influenced the surface morphology of the TiO2 passivating layer. The dye-sensitized solar cell using the TiO2 passivating layer recorded a maximum conversion efficiency of 4.93% due to effective prevention of the electron recombination to the electrolyte.     

高分子在染料敏化纳晶TiO2太阳电池中的应用研究

染料敏化纳晶TiO2太阳电池是一种极具竞争力的新型太阳能电池,它主要由三部分组成:染料敏化的TiO2纳晶电极、电解质及对电极,每一组成部分又由几种材料组成,每一种材料都在电池将太阳能转化为电能的过程中发挥特定的作用.为了进一步降低成本、改善性能,用高分子材料代替其中的一种或几种组成材料成为目前研究的一个热点,本文论述了高分子材料在染料敏化纳晶TiO2太阳电池中的应用研究进展,对出现的问题进行分析讨论.     

水热法制备的Ti1-xCoxO2稀磁半导体特性

采用水热法制备出Ti1-xCoxO2(x=0～0.10)稀磁半导体材料,并对其形貌、结构及磁性能进行表征.X射线衍射分析结果表明,纯TiO2样品为锐钛矿相,掺杂Co离子后样品中出现金红石相,当掺杂浓度到0.10时样品中出现Co3O4的衍射峰.透射电镜和X射线能量色散谱测试结果表明,样品形貌规整,平均粒径约为20nm,并且证实样品中含有Co元素.利用振动样品磁强计对其磁性进行测量,结果表明样品在室温条件下存在铁磁性.     

Synthesis of highly active cobalt molybdenum sulfide nanosheets by a one-step hydrothermal method for use in dye-sensitized solar cells

Cobalt molybdenum sulfide (Co_(1 ? x)Mo_xS₂, x = 2/3, 1/2, 1/3) nanocomposites with hierarchical nanosheet structure are prepared on the flexible titanium foils by a facile hydrothermal method and used as the counter electrode (CE) materials for the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). It is interesting that the first produced MoS₂ nanosheets play an important role as the template for the continuously growing of the Co_(1 ? x)Mo _x S₂ nanosheets. Otherwise, it will grow up into octahedral CoS₂ in the synthesis system without the Mo source. The Co_(1 ? x)Mo _x S₂ CE demonstrates higher catalytic activity for the reduction of triiodide to iodide than that of the MoS_2, and CoS₂ CEs due to the Co_(1 ? x)Mo _x S₂ CE with thinner hierarchical nanosheets offers more catalytic active sites and exhibits additional synergistic effect of the combination of Mo and Co. The DSSC with Co_1/2Mo_1/2S₂ CE achieves a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 9.16%, which is higher than that of the MoS₂ (8.27%) and CoS₂ (7.18%) CEs and even higher than that of the platinum CE (8.49%) under full sunlight illumination (100 mW cm^?2, AM1.5 G).     

Ultra-fast microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of long vertically aligned ZnO nanowires for dye-sensitized solar cell application

Long vertically aligned ZnO nanowire arrays were synthesized using an ultra-fast microwave-assisted hydrothermal process. Using this method, we were able to grow ZnO nanowire arrays at an average growth rate as high as 200?nm?min(-1) for maximum microwave power level. This method does not suffer from the growth stoppage problem at long growth times that, according to our investigations, a normal microwave-assisted hydrothermal method suffers from. Longitudinal growth of the nanowire arrays was investigated as a function of microwave power level and growth time using cross-sectional FESEM images of the grown arrays. Effect of seed layer on the alignment of nanowires was also studied. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed c-axis orientation and single-phase wurtzite structure of the nanowires. J-V curves of the fabricated ZnO nanowire-based mercurochrome-sensitized solar cells indicated that the short-circuit current density is increased with increasing the length of the nanowire array. According to the UV-vis spectra of the dyes detached from the cells, these increments were mainly attributed to the enlarged internal surface area and therefore dye loading enhancement in the lengthened nanowire arrays.