用切削力的频数差对切削颤振进行早期预报

本文提出一种预报切削颤振的新方法,它利用切削力在幅值域内的频数差作预报参数,可以在颤振孕育过程的初期进行预报,预报的及时性好,它对切削过程中力的随机波动不敏感,且切削条件变化对控制门限值无影响,预报的准确性高。     

小波变换在切削颠振特征提取中的应用

本文利用小波变换的多分辨率特性,首先对切削颤振信号进行小波分解,然后通过主成分分析法对特征小波进行重构,再对重构信号进行特征提取,从而有效地解决了课题基于隐马尔可夫模型（HMM）切削颤振预报的特征提取问题.文章还提出了从时域基于功率分析对颤振信号进行特征提取的新方法,为切削颤振的特征提取提供了新的模式样本.     

平面磨削颤振预报的新方法

分析和比较磨削与切削过程中颤振孕育的不同特征，提出一种具有自学习的颤振预报方法，以适应各种磨削的工况，通过实验证明这种预报方法能满足磨削颤振预报的及时性和准确性。     

在线自寻优控制机床主轴转速的研究

以机床主轴前后两转切削振动的相位差ψ为寻优参数，对机床主轴转速进行在线自寻优控制，使切削过程总能在稳定区进行。试验结果表明，本文提出的在线自寻优控制机床主轴转速的方法对切削颤振有很好的控制作用，具有良好的生产应用前景。     

切削颤振的在线监测与控制研究现状分析

切削颤振是切削过程中，工件和刀具之间自发产生的振荡，它严重影响机床加工性能。因此，多年来国内外学者针对切削颤振的机理、在线监测和在线控制进行了大量的研究。本文介绍了切削颤振在线监测与控制技术国内外研究现状，分析了现有方法的优缺点，总结了研究中存在的问题，展望了机床颤振的在线监测与控制技术的发展趋势。     

外圆车削颤振的半主动模糊控制

智能材料由于其响应速度快、特性参数易于调控、能耗小等特点,而被越来越多的用于振动控制系统中。针对细长轴类零件外圆车削加工中的颤振现象,研制了基于智能材料——电流变液的车削颤振减振装置,理论分析表明：不同切削条件下,获得最佳减振效果的控制电压并不相同。由此,开发了基于电流变材料的车削颤振模糊控制系统,进行了半主动模糊控制试验。试验结果表明：在不同的切削状态下,该模糊控制系统均可以自适应地调整控制电压,减小切削系统的加速度响应,抑制车削颤振     

变速切削系统振动频率的变化特征

本文主要讨论变速切削系统中颤振频率随机床主轴转速变化的规律。理论分析和试验结果都证明在变速切削中颤振频率随转速呈分段线性锯齿状变化。试验在立式铣床和普通车床上进行。     

机械颤振的在线预报控制

本文讨论了利用微机对机床颤振进行在线预报控制的机理。介绍了用DDS(Dynamic Data System)方法,在时域内分析机床系统的动态特性。文中重点讨论了通过拾取机床的颤振信号,建立DDS模型(AR或ARMA),进而利用DDS模型判别机床动态稳定性,预测颤振的方法,指出机床发生颤振的条件,根据颤振的条件,用微机对机床进行预报控制。从而实现无颤械切削控制。     

切削加工系统的稳定性分析

本文根据一台数控车床的实际加工过程,建立了切削系统的动力学模型,并导出了切削过程闭环系统的传递函数。这一动力学模型,概括了再生型颤振和振型耦合颤振原理。稳定性分析所用的结构传递函数和动态切削力系数,是根据切削系统解耦的条件,在切削过程中辩识和测量得到的。稳定性分析得到的极限切削宽度值与切削颤振试驻的实验值,可良好地吻合。稳定性极限值的大小与左刃或者右刃切削方式,走刀量以及切削速度等因素有关。文中建立的切削过程动力学模型和稳定性分析方法,可用于预测加工过程的稳定性。     

切削振动加速度时间历程演化过程的动力学特征

取自刀架的振动加速度时间历程被分为三大部分：无颤振切削状态,过渡切削状态和颤振状态。这里分别从热力学角度和几何角度描述了切削系统的动力学行为,给出了与无颤振切削状态和颤振状态相对应的振动加速度时间序列的概率密度分布和三维重构吸引子。并计算了各阶段的Lyapunov 指数和 Kolmogrov 熵。同时绘制并讨论了Lyapunov 指数和 Kolmogrov 熵与切削加工参数的关系曲线。研究表明： Lyapunov 指数和 Kolmogrov 熵与切削加工参数的关系曲线变化趋势相同,看起来象稳定阈图,这些曲线对切削加工参数的选择具有指导作用。并且,当切削状态从无颤振状态过渡到颤振状态时,Lyapunov 指数和 Kolmogrov 熵将随振动幅值的增大而增大。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

＂Three Transformations＂ and Standardization

During his inspection in Henan Province in May, Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed to ＂push forward the transformation from China Speed to China Quality, from Made in China to Created in China, and from Chinese Products to Chinese Brand＂. The ＂Three Transformations＂ are the specific requirements and goal of China＇s national development in the context that market should play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.