芯管半切旋风分离器的实验研究

基于相当成熟的PV型旋风分离器的流场分析,对芯管做简单的斜切处理,并充分考虑芯管切口方向和芯管插入深度对旋风分离器的分离效率和压降的影响,实验结果表明半切式芯管能够提高旋风分离器分离效率并降低其压力损失,可以用于高温条件下的除尘使用.     

基于CFD-DPM的旋风分离器结构设计优化

采用计算流体力学离散颗粒模型(CFD-DPM),结合响应曲面法,通过系列正交实验,对旋风分离器结构进行优化设计;考察旋风分离器的7个结构参数以及参数间的交互作用对其性能的影响。结果表明:对压降和分离效率影响最显著的结构参数为排气管直径,然后分别是入口高度、入口宽度、旋风分离器长度、排气管插入深度;入口尺寸与排气管直径对压降的影响存在很强的交互作用;旋风分离器长度与排气管插入深度、入口宽度与排气管直径、入口宽度与旋风分离器长度及排气管直径与旋风分离器长度对分离效率的影响存在较强的交互作用,其余因素影响不显著;通过对各结构参数的响应面进行优化,获得该旋风分离器在最小压降和最大分离效率时对应的几何结构参数。     

不同侧向入口旋风分离器流场数值分析

利用雷诺应力模型(RSM)对直切单入口、直切双入口、斜切单入口、斜切双入口、斜切螺旋面单入口、斜切螺旋面双入口6种不同侧向入口旋风分离器内部气相流场进行了计算分析。结果表明:双入口结构旋风分离器内部压力场和速度场具有更好的对称性与稳定性;仅改变入口斜切角度对旋风分离器内部速度场和压力场的分布影响不大;当本文中6种分离器内部具有相近的切向速度径向分布时,斜切螺旋面入口结构分离器压力损失减少约25%,入口所需总压降低17%,处理相同气体量的能耗约下降17%;斜切螺旋面双入口(XS-L型)分离器是一种综合性能比较优的旋风分离器。     

循环流化床锅炉用旋风分离器性能的实验研究

结合水煤浆流化-悬浮燃烧的特点,通过全面测定循环流化床锅炉用旋风分离器在不同操作参数下的分离效率,研究了入口气速、入口颗粒浓度、入口颗粒物性等对旋风分离器的压降和分离性能的影响规律。实验结果表明,影响旋风分离器分离性能的主要物性参数是颗粒的中位粒径、密度,在入口颗粒的中位粒径相差较大时分离性能主要受粒径的影响,而当入口颗粒粒径相差较小时密度对分离器分离性能的影响则更为显著。     

催化裂化装置旋风分离器工艺故障的原因分析

为研究催化裂化装置工艺参数的异常变化导致的旋风分离器故障或失效,以及由此导致的催化剂的大量跑损问题,对影响旋风分离器分离操作的工艺参数和催化剂跑损进行总结;分析入口速度、入口浓度、系统压力急速波动、料腿结焦堵塞、料腿出口排料不畅、催化剂物性影响工艺故障的参数。通过校核旋风分离器的参数可以有效地判断旋风分离器的故障原因和位置。     

页岩灰与催化裂化催化剂细粉旋风分离性能的对比试验研究

试验测定和对比页岩灰和流化催化裂化三旋灰(FCC三旋灰)的旋风分离器性能,考察入口气速、入口浓度对分离效率和分离器压降的影响.结果表明,在相同操作条件下,同一台旋风分离器上,粒度小于75 μm的页岩灰与FCC三旋灰的分离效率和分离器压降曲线差别显著;页岩灰的分离效率与分离器压降都明显低于FCC三旋灰,且入口浓度增大,页岩灰分离器压降的下降幅度高于FCC三旋灰;页岩灰分离效率最高的入口气流速度也低于FCC三旋灰.颗粒特性对旋风分离器的分离性能有明显影响,页岩灰和三旋灰的颗粒特性与形状差别是导致其旋风分离特性不同的一个基本原因;油页岩旋风分离器的设计应当考虑油页岩颗粒特性的影响.     

入口顶部二次风对PV型旋风分离器性能的影响

提出一种进气口顶部、分离器顶板之下的新型二次风引入口,通过数值模拟和实验考察该二次风对PV型旋风分离器性能的影响。结果表明:引入该二次风后,分离器内气流切向速度增大,上行轴向速度和径向速度减小;二次风可有效抑制顶灰环产生,减小升气管短路流的粉尘量;引入进气口顶部二次风后,分离器的最大效率增加约2%,压降最大减少16.8%;总处理气量增加、压降减小,显示出明显的高效低阻特征。     

基于计算流体力学的旋风除尘器优化

为了找出影响旋风除尘器压力损失和分离效率的因素,优化除尘器的设计和制造,借助计算流体力学Fluent软件,采用正交模拟法,分析不同的升气管插入深度、圆锥筒体直径以及入口宽度对标准Stairmand型旋风除尘器的分离效率和总压降的影响。结果表明:当升气管插入深度为80 mm,圆锥底部直径为100 mm,入口宽度为30 mm时,除尘器总压降最小;当升气管插入深度为120 mm,圆锥底部直径为50 mm,入口宽度为30 mm时,除尘器分离效率最高。     

旋风分离器内颗粒藏量的实验测量

根据旋风分离器的气固分离特点,定义用于描述旋风分离器气固分离过程的颗粒藏量参数为操作中旋风分离器有效分离空间内全部颗粒的质量,选用流化催化裂化平衡催化剂粉料,通过实验测量旋风分离器内颗粒藏量与入口速度和入口浓度的关系。结果表明:颗粒藏量随着入口浓度和入口速度的增大而增大;旋风分离器的颗粒藏量主要来源于旋风分离器环形空间顶灰环,其余部分是旋风分离器的器壁表面颗粒层。     

新型旋风分离器的试验研究与流场分析

文章针对高温高压的条件对传统旋风分离器入口结构进行改进,提出了圆柱形径向插入、端面加导流板结构的新型旋风分离器结构。由冷态模型下对超细滑石粉和FCC催化剂颗粒的分离效率-压降对比试验结果表明,新型旋风分离器入口结构强度性能优良,虽然对超细粉料分离性能略有不足,但对大颗粒粉料的分离性能接近传统直切入口旋风分离器,可以满足要求。并且数值流场模拟结果表明,分离器压降与实验结果相一致。     

Gas-solid separation performance and structure optimization in 3D printed guide vane cyclone separator

Low separation efficiency and large pressure drop are two common problems of cyclones. In this paper, a 3D printed guide vane cyclone separator was designed to study the separation efficiency, turbulent kinetic energy, and particle movement of particle group by experiment and simulation. The results shown that the tangential velocity was the major influence of separating. The bottom of the exhaust pipe was the main region of gas–solid separation and pressure drop. The separation efficiency and pressure drop were positively correlated with the inlet velocity and the particle radius of the fluid. The distribution of turbulent kinetic energy that leaded to the pressure drop loss was concentrated on the inlet of the exhaust pipe. The swirl has external and internal two directions. The optimized cyclone has a longer and narrower blade flow path to obtain higher separation efficiency, especially at low inlet velocity.     

Effect of the inlet angle on the performance of a cyclone separator using CFD-DEM

Hydrodynamic characteristics in a cyclone separator are simulated by means of DEM-CFD. Reynolds stress turbulence model (RSM) is used to capture gas turbulence. By changing the inlet angle, the distributions of pressure drop, tangential and axial velocity of gas phase are obtained within the cyclone. Simulated results indicate that the flow pattern consists of two regions: loss-free vortex region and forced vortex region. The negative inlet angle brings about a larger pressure drop comparing to positive inlet angle. The separation efficiency and trajectory of particles from simulation are obtained. The effects of inlet angle and particle size on separation efficiency are quantified. The separation efficiency is increased with an increase of particle size, while the separation efficiency firstly increases and then declined as inlet angle changes from negative to positive. An agreement between the numerical simulation and experimental results has been achieved in a cyclone separator.     

Performance evaluation of industrial large-scale cyclone separator with novel vortex finder

This paper presents an experimental and numerical study on an industrial large-scale tangential-inlet cyclone separator with a novel and easy-to-implement vortex finder. The vortex finder was designed with slots on the side wall to improve cyclone performance. The collection efficiency, pressure drop, and interior flow field were analyzed. The proposed device provides an effective gas flow pathway and a coupled swirl-inertia separation mechanism, which eliminates short circuit flows under the bottom inlet of the slotted vortex finder to reduce the swirling intensity and minimize the flow instability in the separator. The pressure drop was reduced up to 27.9% compared to the conventional separator and the maximal increase in collection efficiency was 5.45%. The results presented here may provide a workable reference regarding the effects of vortex finders on improving flow fields and corresponding performance in industrial large-scale cyclone separators.     

Modification of the cyclone separator geometry for improving the performance using Taguchi and CFD approach

ABSTRACT

The cyclone separator performance has been affected by its high-pressure drop. The main geometric ratios such as outlet diameter, inlet width and inlet height and total height have been preferred to reduce the pressure drop and improve the performance of cyclone separator. These standard geometric values have been altered with the aid of design of experiment technique by Taguchi method for reducing the pressure drop. This changed new design produce low-pressure drop compared with the standard cyclone separator. Moreover, the collection efficiency of the new design is high when compared with standard cyclone separator. The pressure drop, Euler number, cut-off diameter and efficiency of the standard and new cyclone separator have been compared with the results of mathematical and computational fluid dynamics technique (CFD). The Reynolds stress turbulence model and discrete phase model have been used for simulating the cyclone separator in CFD. An acceptable agreement has been obtained between these results.     

空调用高效旋流油分离器仿真优化与实验

为了提高空调系统中旋流油分离器的分离效率、降低压力损失,本文对其结构参数进行了优化设计,通过流体仿真研究了油分离器内部各参数对分离效率和压力损失的影响,得到最佳的参数尺寸比例,并据此制作了一款新型油分离器,安装在空调系统中进行实验测试。实验结果表明:新型油分离器在回油工况(最低制冷剂流速)下分离效率由95.5%提高到99.0%,名义制冷工况下分离效率由97.3%提高到99.6%;名义制冷工况下压力损失由55.2 k Pa降低至23.1 k Pa;同时获得了油滴颗粒的分布函数。     

多联机旋风式油气分离器内管与进气碰撞的数值模拟

以小型多联机用旋风式油气分离器为研究对象,建立三维稳态数值模型。气流场选用重整化群湍流模型(RNGk-ε),油滴轨迹采用随机轨道(DRW)模型,研究内管长度、筒体高度和进气碰撞程度对油气分离器内部流场分布、分离效率和压降的影响。发现大部分油滴在内管截面以上的筒体空间内完成分离;油气分离器所需内管长度与筒体高度比值随进气速度的增加而减小;进气碰撞程度(油气分离器横截面上内管下边缘与进气管上边壁的垂直距离与进气管径的比值,即h1/di)小于26.57%,进气速度大于23.09 m/s时,更容易获得稳定的旋流流场。     

多效旋风分离器压降的实验研究

为了有效提高新型多效旋风分离器对粒径为0.1~3μm颗粒的分离效率,获取该设备的阻力性能,采用实验方法研究该新型多效旋风分离器压降与进口气速的关系,并与Lapple型旋风分离器进行比较。结果表明:进口风速为5~30m/s时,主体直径为0.25m的多效旋风分离器总阻力系数为7.29,其中,一级和二级预分离螺旋管的阻力系数分别为1.04和1.73;主体的阻力系数为4.52。直径为0.25m的Lapple型旋风分离器的阻力系数为7.21。     

Investigation on separation performance and structural optimization of a two-stage series cyclone using CPFD and RSM

Cyclones are generally operated in series when the efficiency of a single cyclone is not sufficient for the process. This study firstly used computational particle fluid dynamics (CPFD) to simulate the gas-solid two-phase flow characteristics in a two-stage series cyclone separator. The separation efficiency and distribution of energy consumption was interpreted by analyzing particle distribution characteristics. Secondly, the structure of the two-stage cyclone separator was optimized via response surface methodology (RSM) to make up for the disadvantage that the distribution of the separation load was non-uniform. The results showed that the grade efficiency for 3 μm of the first-stage cyclone separator was increased from 45.408% to 59.932% compared to the original model. The pressure drop of the first-stage cyclone separator is about 2.147 kPa while the second-stage cyclone separator is about 2.774 kPa. It can be seen that the overall optimized two-stage cyclone separator has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption and load-balanced separation performance.