铌对(Y,Nb)掺杂的二氧化钛压敏-电容性能的影响

研究了铌对(Y,Nb)掺杂的二氧化钛压敏-电容性能的影响.研究中发现掺入0.10mol%Nb2O5的样品显示出最低的视在电场(EB=8.8V/mm)、最高的非线性常数(α=7.0)以及最高的相对介电常数(εr=7.6×104),与样品的晶界缺陷势垒特性、电容和电阻的频谱特性相一致.样品的性能变化可用Nb5+对Ti4+的掺杂取代和该取代存在的饱和值来解释.     

添加剂对Y2Ti2O7陶瓷的微波介电性能的影响（英文）

研究了CrO3、Nb2O5、SiO2及Al2O3对Y2Ti2O7陶瓷的烧结性能、相组成和微波介电性能的影响.其中Nb2O5掺杂能够降低Y2Ti2O7陶瓷材料的烧结温度,提高基体陶瓷的介电常数和品质因子,引起谐振频率温度系数的明显变化.且随着Nb2O5含量的增多,所有样品的主晶相仍为立方烧绿石型Y2Ti2O7,Nb5+可能进入烧绿石结构中,部分取代Ti4+所在位置.实验结果表明:1mol%Nb2O5掺杂的陶瓷材料在1420℃下烧结致密,具有最佳的微波介电性能:εr=61.8,Q×f=9096GHz(f=5.494GHz),τf=54×10-6/℃.     

低温单斜相BiPO_4∶Tb~(3+)纳米晶的合成及其发光性能

以无水乙醇为反应溶液,采用室温共沉淀制备了低温单斜相BiPO4∶Tb3+绿色荧光纳米材料,并进行高温烧结处理。利用X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和荧光光谱分别对所得样品的相结构、形貌以及发光性能进行研究。结果表明:通过高温烧结,样品没有发生晶型转变,仍然保持单斜相结构和纳米颗粒形貌。同时,Tb3+离子作为绿色发光中心进入到BiPO4的晶格中取代Bi 3+的格位,在370nm激发下,观察到Tb3+离子的特征跃迁(5D4→7FJ,J=6~3),其中以5D4→7F5跃迁发射(543nm)为主;并考察了BiPO4∶Tb3+纳米晶发光强度随Tb3+掺杂量的变化关系,发现其淬灭浓度高达20mol%。     

稀土掺杂双钙钛矿结构红色荧光粉的制备及其发光性能

采用高温固相反应法制备了Sr_(2-x)BaxMgMoO_6∶Eu~(3+)(x=0~1)双钙钛矿结构红色荧光粉。探讨了预处理及煅烧制度、Ba取代量对Sr_(2-x)BaxMgMoO_6∶Eu~(3+)荧光粉的相结构和发光性能的影响。Sr_2Mg_(0.94)Eu_(0.06)MoO_6荧光粉最佳制备工艺为:在700℃下预处理1h再升温至1050℃预处理1h并随炉降温后研细,再在1300℃煅烧4h,所得样品主相为双钙钛矿结构的Sr2MgMoO6四方相。其最强发光峰位于617nm附近,对应于Eu3+的5D0→7F2电偶极跃迁。随着Ba2+对Sr2+的取代量的增加晶体对称性提高,晶体结构由四方相变为立方相,样品的激发峰强度显著提高。由于晶体对称性的提高,抑制了荧光粉在617nm处5D0→7F2红光发射,其发光由电偶极跃迁占主导转变为磁偶极跃迁占主导。     

利用碱金属碳酸盐提高空气中制备BaMgSiO_4∶Eu~(2+)的发光性能研究

通过高温固相反应在空气中制备了一系列Eu2+掺杂的BaMgSiO4∶Eu2+发光材料,研究了其发光性能及M2CO3(M=Li、Na、K)助溶剂对其性能的影响。利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、荧光光谱(PL)和扫描电镜(SEM)对合成的样品进行表征。研究表明,Eu2+进入Ba(1)和Ba(2)位置有利于Eu2+在空气中稳定存在。M2CO3(M=Li、Na、K)助溶剂促进Eu3+离子在空气中还原成Eu2+离子,提高了BaMgSiO4∶Eu2+的发光强度。当Na2CO3用量为6%时,BaMg-SiO4∶Eu2+的发光强度达到还原气氛中制备的91%。     

颜色可调Y(PO3)3:Tb3+,Yb3+上转换发光材料的共沉淀制备及性能

采用共沉淀法制备Tb3+,Yb3+共掺杂Y(PO3)3上转换发光材料,通过X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和上转换荧光光谱仪(UPL)对制备产物的结构和性能进行表征分析.结果表明,所制备样品属于单斜晶系空间群为P21/c的Tb3+和Yb3+共掺杂Y(PO3)3晶体.在近红外光的激发下,所制备Y(PO3)3:x Tb3+,20％(摩尔分数,下同)Yb3+样品发射出Tb3+特征的蓝绿色光.Tb3+掺杂量直接影响着制备产物的上转换发光性能,当Tb3+掺杂量为2％ ～10％时,Tb3+的5 D4→7 F6发射峰分裂为481 nm和491 nm两个发射峰;当掺杂量为5％～20％时,位于547 nm处绿光发射为最强发射峰;当Tb3+掺杂量高于20％时观察到浓度猝灭现象.Tb3+/Yb3+的掺杂量比例和近红外光激发功率密度对所制备样品的上转换发光性能也有明显影响.适当调节样品中Tb3+/Yb3+掺杂比例可实现对制备的Y(PO3)3:x Tb3+,20％Yb3+样品的上转换发射蓝绿光颜色的调控.对Y(PO3)3:Tb3+,Yb3+样品的上转换发光机理进行探索,其中属于Tb3+特征的5 D3→7 FJ(J=6,5,4)和5 D4→7 FJ(J=6,5,4,3)跃迁带发射分别属于三光子吸收和双光子吸收机制.     

Nb2O5掺杂对TiO2陶瓷性能的影响

在Nb2O5含量x为0.1～1.5%的范围内,研究了Nb2O5掺杂对TiO2压敏陶瓷电性能的影响.发现x＝0.7%的样品显示出最低的压敏电压(Eb=8.57V/mm )以及最高的相对介电常数2.385×104.分析认为Nb2O5掺杂的实质是Nb5 固溶于 TiO2中取代Ti4 使晶粒半导化,但掺杂量受晶格畸变作用有一定限制.     

Zn2+/Co2+比变化对Co-Al-Zn-O系晶体结构和色度的影响

以CoAl2O4组成为基础,以Zn2+逐步取代Co2+,考察其组成变化对晶体结构和色度的影响.研究表明,随着Zn2+的量增加,Co1 -xZnxAl2O4晶体的晶胞参数a值逐渐改变,当X=0.5时a值开始下降；另外,当Zn2+/Co2+比值＜1时,样品中以CoAl2O4尖晶石为主要物相,当Zn2+/Co2+比值≥1时,样品则以ZnAl2O4尖晶石为主要物相.且样品的蓝度在Zn2+/Co2+比值=1时处于最小值.     

半导体陶瓷致冷材料的性能与结构

采用新的陶瓷工艺技术,在气氛保护条件下,通过固相烧结反应法制备出温差电多晶材料。对膺三元固溶体化合物 P 型(72%Sb_2Te_3+25%Bi_2Te_3+3%Sb_2Se_3)和 N 型(90%Bi_2Te_3+5%Sb_2Te_3+5%Sb_2Se_3)的掺杂陶瓷样品进行了性能与结构研究。找到了最佳工艺制度。样品性能参数为:N 型:α=186μV/K σ=1250Ω~(-1)·cm~(-1) λ=14.7mW/(cm.K) Z=2.9×10~(-3)/KP 型:α=220μV/K σ=900 Ω~(-1)·cm~(-1) λ=14.0mW/(cm.K) Z=3.1×10~(-3)/K     

TiO2纳滤膜对重金属离子的截留性能

采用孔径为1.5 nm的TiO2纳滤膜,在压力0.4～0.8 MPa,pH值3～7的条件下,考察了膜对浓度范围为50～500 mg/L的Cu(NO3)2、Ni(NO3)2、ZnC12和CdC12四种单组份重金属溶液的截留性能.结果表明:除Cd2+外,膜对重金属离子的截留率随溶液浓度的增大先增大,当浓度达到200 mg/L后趋于稳定;升高压力膜的离子截留率会略有增加;当pH=6时,膜对Ni2+和Cd2+的截留率最低,而对Cu2+和Zn2+的截留率在pH=5～6时达到最高.TiO2膜对Cu2+、Ni2+、Zn2+和Cd2+的最高截留率分别可以达到96.9％、95.9％、92.5％和83.2％.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

＂Three Transformations＂ and Standardization

During his inspection in Henan Province in May, Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed to ＂push forward the transformation from China Speed to China Quality, from Made in China to Created in China, and from Chinese Products to Chinese Brand＂. The ＂Three Transformations＂ are the specific requirements and goal of China＇s national development in the context that market should play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.