电解均匀沉淀法制备纳米二氧化锆粉体及其机理

利用阴离子交换膜将电解槽分为两室,控制阴极电流密度为100A/m2,在电解过程中不断消耗阴极室溶液中H ,促使ZrO2 与阴极均匀释放的OH-进行水解反应,形成ZrO2·xH2O均匀沉淀.在600℃焙烧温度下保温2b,XRD和TEM分析表明:ZrO2粉体为四方晶型,呈球形,粒径约为30～50nm.讨论了焙烧温度对纳米ZrO2粒度的影响.同时对纳米ZrO2形成机理进行了初步的探讨研究.     

纳米晶钛酸锶钡(Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3)粉体的微波水热合成

采用微波水热法合成了纳米晶钛酸锶钡(Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3)粉体,通过XRD、TEM、SEM等分析手段表征粉体,研究了微波水热合成反应温度、时间和前驱物浓度对反应产物形貌、粒度的影响,获得了制备纳米晶钛酸锶钡粉体的最优工艺参数.实验结果表明:在微波水热反应温度为195℃、反应时间20～30min、前驱物浓度为0.16mol/L时获得的粉体粒径小而且均匀,粉体平均粒度为60nm.     

Fe/Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9纳米晶磁粉芯研究

采用Fe粉复合FeCuNbSiB纳米晶粉体制备了磁粉芯,并讨论了退火温度、Fe粉复合量、纳米晶粉体粒度以及绝缘剂等对磁粉芯磁性能的影响.结果表明,在200～350℃和350～400℃内退火,随着温度的升高,μ_e均呈先增大后减小,375℃时达到最佳;当复合Fe粉后,发现其软磁性能得到了明显改善, Fe粉量为40%时,μ_e达到最大,且在100kHz～1MHz内,频率稳定性良好,其中心频率在500kHz附近,并随Fe粉量的增加而向低频发生偏移.纳米晶粉体的粒度越大,磁粉芯的磁性能越好;粉体粒度为100～200目时,其μ_e达到最大.当375℃退火,由有机绝缘剂、40%(质量分数)Fe粉、100～200目纳米晶粉制备的磁粉芯,其μ_e达52.72、损耗Pu为0.01317J/m~3、Bs为3.92×10~(-3)T、Br=6.48×10~(-5)T、H_c为1.28A/m.     

均相共沉淀法制备纳米氧化锆复合粉体

以氨水、氧氯化锆为原料,在旋转填充床中进行均相共沉淀制备了纳米级ZrO2.采用XRD、TEM、BET测试手段对前驱体及纳米级ZrO2粉体进行表征.研究了转速、醇洗脱水工艺、煅烧温度对粉体粒径、分散性、晶型的影响.研究结果表明,在转速为1800r/min时,采用无水乙醇乳化脱水工艺,550℃下热处理能得到粒度分布窄、硬团...     

微乳液法制备纳米氧化锆粉体的研究

以可溶性锆盐(ZrOCl2·8H2O)-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)-正丁醇(C4H10O2)-环己烷(C6H12)组成的微乳液体系为基础、氨水作沉淀剂,在微乳区反应,经过洗涤、焙烧等工序,制备得到粒径10～40nm、形貌可控、分散性良好的ZrO2粉体.通过扫描电镜(SEM)、热分析仪(TG-DSC)以及X射线衍射分析对粉体进行表征,得到了晶相随焙烧温度的变化规律,并通过激光粒度仪以及Scherrer公式计算出粉体的粒度,从而得出粉体的粒度随浓度、溶水量以及焙烧温度的变化规律.     

低温陈化法制备纳米ZrO2及条件对粒径的影响

为了制得可控粒径的ZrO2粉并提高其均匀性,采用低温陈化法合成了ZrO2纳米粉,并讨论了反应条件对样品粒径的影响.通过DTA,XRD,TEM和粒度分布仪等检测手段对产品进行了表征.结果表明:在500℃得到了晶化较好的单斜相ZrO2,选择适当的合成条件:控制Zr4+与CO(NH2)2的摩尔比为1∶3,溶液pH为1.5,加入少量聚乙二醇800(PEG-800),可得到粒度分布集中,均匀性较好,粒径约为24.4 nm的样品.该法工艺简单、得到的ZrO2粉体粒径分布较窄.     

均匀沉淀-水热法制备稳定Y-Ce-ZrO2纳米粉体

以尿素为沉淀剂,采用均匀沉淀-水热法成功地制备了2mol%Y2O3-5.5mol?O2稳定的纳米四方相ZrO2.研究了溶液的浓度、水浴时间、水热时间对ZrO2粉体的晶型和形貌的影响.结果表明在一定工艺条件下可制备平均粒径在10-20nm,粒度分布窄,分散性好的纳米稳定Y2O3-CeO2-ZrO2粉体.     

不同晶型结构纳米ZrO_2的稳定化制备

采用共沉淀法制备了室温稳定存在的不同晶型纳米ZrO2粉体,用X射线衍射(XRD)、激光拉曼散射(Raman)、N2物理吸附、透射电镜(TEM)和动态光散射技术(DLS)等手段对其晶型结构、晶粒尺寸、比表面积和粒度分布进行了表征,研究了煅烧温度和改性剂掺杂量对晶型结构的影响。结果表明,无掺杂前驱体在850℃煅烧可得到m-ZrO2纳米粉体,比表面积为35.17 m2/g,晶粒尺寸为51.3nm;煅烧温度为600℃,Y2O3掺杂量为4.5%(摩尔分数)时纳米粉体的晶型结构为t-ZrO2,比表面积为39.01 m2/g,晶粒尺寸为19.2nm;煅烧温度为600℃,Y2O3掺杂量为8.5%时可得到比表面积为46.53 m2/g,晶粒尺寸为12.7 nm的c-ZrO2纳米粉体。     

无团聚ZrO2-HfO2-Y2O3复合纳米粉体的制备

以分析纯ZrOCl2·8H2O、HfOCl2·8H2O和Y(NO3)3·6H2O为原料,采用反向滴定共沉淀-共沸蒸馏法成功地制备出无团聚的ZrO2-HfO2-Y2O3复合纳米粉体.借助XRD、TEM、BET等手段分析了制备工艺对粉体粒径和团聚状态的影响.研究表明,分散剂PEG的加入量及前驱体湿凝胶的处理方式对最终制备的ZrO2-HfO2-Y2O3复合粉体的晶粒度影响不大,但显著影响粉体的分散状态.分散剂加入量为1%(质量分数)并对湿凝胶共沸蒸馏处理条件下最终获得的粉体的分散性最好.前驱体沉淀经500℃焙烧1h后,生成了具有高氧离子电导率的立方晶型ZrO2基ZrO2-HfO2-Y2O3固溶体,粉体的平均粒径约为15nm.     

反相胶束法制备ZrO2纳米粉体的研究

采用反相胶束法制备ZrO2纳米粉体,以可溶性锆盐溶液/庚烷的反相胶束体系为基础,以氨水为沉淀剂,司盘为分散剂,通过化学反应产生凝胶状沉淀,经蒸馏、洗涤、冷冻干燥、焙烧得到单分散、粒径分布窄的ZrO2纳米粉体.实验研究了庚烷与水体积比、氨水用量以及乳化剂的影响.采用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜及粒度仪等对样品进行物相分析和形态表征,结果表明通过此方法制备的ZrO2纳米粉体粒径可控制在40nm的范围内,且具有良好的分散性.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

中国质量(北京)大会(英文)

正Themed on"quality,innovation,development",the first China Quality Conference(Beijing)was held in the Great Hall of the People on September 15.Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivered an important speech at the conference.State Councilor Yang Jing and Wang Yong attended the conference with over 600 domestic and international representatives from foreign,regional and international quality organizations     

National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization

正The National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization was held in Beijing on July 15,2014.Wang Min,the Deputy-Minister of the Ministry of Land and Resources,and Yin Minghan,the Chief-Engineer of SAC addressed the meeting.Representatives from relevant competent departments and technical committees were present.The meeting aims to summarize work,discuss existing problems and make clear working thoughts,promoting standardization work of land and resources to a new level.Wang Min pointed out that the standardization work of land and resources should be centered on the basic principles of"protecting land and resources dutifully,intensively and economically utilizing land and resources,and making all-out efforts to safeguard the public’s rights and interests",highlighted the