左旋聚乳酸/多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石电纺丝纳米纤维的形态及生物降解性能

采用静电纺丝法制备了左旋聚乳酸/多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(PLLA/MW NT s/HA)杂化纳米纤维无纺毡,分析了MW NT s的加入对杂化纤维形态结构的影响,以及不同工艺条件下纤维的直径分布,并研究了纤维无纺毡在磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH 7.4,37℃)中的体外降解过程。结果表明:MW NT s的加入使PLLA/HA纤维直径略有减小;PLLA/MW NT s/HA杂化纤维体系降解液的pH值下降到一定程度后,在降解后期呈缓慢上升趋势;碱性MW NT s/HA的加入抑制了PLLA降解过程中的自催化作用,减缓了PLLA的降解速度。     

电纺丝法制备纳米纤维薄膜的降解性能研究

电纺丝法制备了PLLA、PLGA、PLLA/PLA-PEG、PLLA/HA纳米纤维薄膜,用SEM表征了纳米纤维的形貌.在37℃,pH值为7.4的PBS溶液中对4种纳米纤维薄膜的降解性能进行研究,通过GPC测试降解过程中聚合物分子量的变化,SEM表征降解过程中纳米纤维形貌的变化.结果表明:PLGA薄膜降解速率较快,吸水率最高;PLLA/PLA-PEG次之;PLLA降解速率较慢,吸水率最低,HA的加入可调节PLLA的降解速率.     

激光熔融静电纺丝法制备PLLA及PLLA/nHA纤维支架及性能研究

利用激光熔融静电纺丝方法制备了PLLA和PLLA/nHA纤维支架,采用FTIR和DSC测试对支架材料的结构和热学性能进行表征,通过熔融电纺对PLLA和PLLA/nHA纤维支架进行体外降解实验,研究了失重率与降解时间的关系。同时对激光熔融和一般溶液电纺得到的PLLA和PLLA/nHA纤维支架进行细胞相容性实验,对两种方法所得支架的安全性进行评价。结果表明:nHA对PLLA的结构和晶型产生影响,并减缓PLLA的降解速度,激光熔融电纺支架更具安全性,其更适合组织工程应用。     

静电纺丝法制备高分子量聚左旋乳酸纳米纤维及其表征

利用静电纺丝法制备了高分子量聚左旋乳酸(PLLA)纳米纤维,研究了溶液浓度、纺丝距离和纺丝电压对纤维形貌的影响.用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对纤维形貌进行了表征,结果表明,当PLLA溶液浓度为3%,纺丝距离为20.5cm,纺丝电压为13kV时得到的纤维形貌较好.再用差示扫描量热法(DSC)对纤维的热学性能进行了表征,用X...     

PAN/DMSO干湿法纺丝凝固工艺的研究

初步探讨了ＰＡＮ／ＤＭＳＯ溶液干湿法纺丝凝固工艺与纤维拉伸性能的关系。并对湿法纺丝与干湿法纺丝作了比较，结果表明，干湿法纺丝所得纤维的总牵伸倍数在一定范围内随纺丝凝固浴浓度的增大而增大；对于给定的ＰＡＮ／ＤＭＳＯ纺丝液体系，存在一较佳的凝固牵伸范围，空气干层的存在使得干湿纺纤维较湿纺纤维能承受更大的牵伸倍数，但空气层长度的确定存在一合适的范围，且空气干层的存在使得干湿纺纤维较湿纺纤维能随更大的牵伸倍数，但空气层长度的确定存在一合适的范围，且空气层长度对纤维总牵伸倍数的影响受到其它纺丝凝固工艺参数的影响。扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）的研究结果表明，湿法纺丝所得的纤维存在各种表现缺陷，其中，表面沟槽是纺丝工艺本身所致，无法消除；干湿纺纤维的表面则光洁无沟槽，初步探讨了有关表面沟槽的形成机理。     

基于TPEE双组分扭曲螺旋电纺纤维的初探

首先利用静电纺丝法制备了热塑性聚酯弹性体(TPEE)纳米纤维.用扫描电镜(SEM)对纤维的形貌进行了表征,纤维的直径为300～600nm,讨论了纺丝液浓度和纺丝距离对纤维形貌产生的影响.然后在一定的负电压下制备了聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)和聚左旋乳酸(PLLA)电纺纳米纤维,发现PBT和PLLA均具有良好的负极可纺...     

静电纺制备的PLLA/PCL复合支架性能及细胞相容性

利用静电纺丝技术制备了一系列不同比例的左旋聚乳酸/聚己内酯(PLLA/PCL)复合纳米纤维支架。通过扫描电镜、差热分析、宽角X射线衍射和接触角测试手段对支架结构与形态、结晶性能及亲水性进行了表征;采用在缓冲溶液中加酶的方式,研究了复合材料的降解性能;将体外培养的真皮成纤细胞接种至材料表面,用扫描电镜观察了成纤细胞在材料表面的生长情况。研究结果表明,电纺丝得到的复合支架纤维直径均一,且呈相互连通的多孔网状结构;脂肪酶的存在加速了支架材料的降解速度;成纤细胞在复合支架上具有良好的生长状态。     

左旋聚乳酸/右旋聚乳酸嵌段共聚物的共混物及其纤维的结构与性能

以右旋聚乳酸-聚乙二醇-右旋聚乳酸(PDLA-PEG-PDLA)三嵌段共聚物作为改性剂,通过熔融共混法及熔融纺丝-后牵伸两步法分别制备了左旋聚乳酸(PLLA)/PDLA-PEG-PDLA共混物及其共混纤维。采用差示扫描量热分析、热重分析、毛细管流变仪、扫描电镜、广角X射线衍射及力学性能测试等方法对共混物及其共混纤维的结晶行为、热性能、取向及力学性能等进行了研究。结果表明,熔融温度对PLLA及其共混物的结晶行为有较大的影响。当熔融温度为230℃时,共混物中PDLA-PEG-PDLA含量为10%时,α晶的结晶温度最高,为127℃;另外,共混物具有较好的纺丝性能,相同条件下制备的共混纤维的结晶度和取向度均高于纯PLLA纤维,当嵌段共聚物质量分数为2%时,共混纤维的结晶度及取向度最大,分别为27%和-0.39;嵌段共聚物的加入,对PLLA的热稳定性和力学性能的影响较小。     

激光熔融静电纺丝法制备PLLA/PCL/nHA复合纤维支架及细胞相容性评价

利用激光熔融静电纺丝技术制备了PLLA/PCL及PLLA/PCL/nHA复合纤维,热压后形成层压复合纤维支架。利用扫描电镜对纤维支架进行了表征,同时对其进行了亲水性的测试,最后通过倒置荧光显微镜和MTT实验对复合纤维支架的细胞相容性进行了评价。研究结果表明,层压复合纤维支架的直径和孔结构具有多样性,nHA能够提高PLLA/PCL层压纤维支架的亲水性,改善支架的细胞相容性,增加细胞的附着能力,提高细胞的存活率。     

荧光Lyocell纤维的制备和性能

通过共混方法将经预处理的荧光粉均匀分散在NMMO溶液中,采用Lyocell工艺通过干湿法纺丝成功制备了荧光Lyocell纤维,探讨了荧光粉用量对纺丝液流变性能及纤维的结构与性能的影响。结果表明,随着荧光粉用量的增加,Ly-ocell纺丝液的表观黏度先下降后上升,当荧光粉用量达到m(荧光粉)/m(纤维素)=3/100时,纺丝液的黏度呈最低值。此外,随着荧光粉用量的增加,纤维的荧光性能随之提高,但纤维内荧光颗粒的团聚现象逐渐加剧,导致纤维的力学强度和结晶度逐渐降低。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.