噪声非线性效应的增强与弱涡街信号检测方法

噪声与非线性势场相互作用产生的效应能够助长微弱信号。针对小流量产生的涡街信号较弱而难以检测的问题,从增强噪声非线性效应的角度出发,比较了不同非线性形式势函数下的噪声效应,构造了对称抛物线势函数。理论分析和数值仿真结果表明具有对称抛物线势函数的系统输出有较高的信噪比。提出了一种利用对称抛物线系统增强噪声效应的检测弱涡街信号方法,实测弱涡街信号检测结果表明该方法能有效获取小流量涡街信号的特征频率。     

涡街流量信号背景噪声的混沌特性研究

首先介绍涡街发生的原理，分析了涡街噪声信号的产生具有混沌特性的可能性，引入小波方法分解涡街流量信号，运用混沌理论对涡街背景噪声信号的Lyapunov指数进行了计算仿真，结果表明涡街噪声信号是具有混沌特性的，并提取了涡街噪声信号的混沌特征，计算了盒维数。为定性地研究涡街流量信号特征提出了新的思路，实验数据的仿真结果说明了该方法的有效性。     

基于CVI平台的涡街流量信号采集与处理

论述了涡街流量计的工作原理以及FFT谱分析方法在信号处理中的优势,并以Labview CVI为软件平台,结合中泰的数据采集卡PX-6333对实际的涡街流量信号进行实时采集和分析,证明了对于低流速涡街流量信号,应用FFT方法能有效地提高其量程下限.     

涡街流量传感器信号的幅值和频率特征

基于实验数据建立了涡街流量传感器输出信号的数学模型,提出了用混合高斯分布来描述涡街流量传感器信号幅值的自然衰减现象,采用频率调制信号来表示涡街流量信号的宽带特征,通过频谱分析确定机械振动噪声信号为窄带信号.     

基于遗传算法的涡街信号随机共振检测方法

涡街流量计在工业现场工作时,输出信号易叠加噪声,尤其在小流量测量时,涡街信号易被现场噪声淹没,导致测量受限。针对涡街信号处理,提出一种基于遗传算法的双调制随机共振方法。该方法对输入信号进行频率和幅值双调制后进入非线性双稳系统,以系统输出信号的信噪比为适应度函数,通过二进制编码,将调制频率和幅值组合成一个二进制字符串,同时对两个参数进行并行寻优,得到最优解,使系统产生随机共振,增强涡街信号。搭建涡街流量计实验装置,实验结果表明,使用遗传算法可以有效搜索出调制频率和幅值最优解,搜索效率高,解决现有多参数寻优的困难,适用于涡街信号特别是小流量信号处理,能准确获取涡街频率,实现流量测量。     

抗振型低功耗数字涡街流量计研制

针对双传感器涡街流量计,提出采用频域相减与频率方差计算相结合的方法来处理涡街流量传感器输出信号,并研制基于低功耗单片机为核心的处理系统,取得很好的实验效果.在涡街流量信号功率小于振动噪声功率的情况下,抗振型低功耗数字涡街流量计仍然能够准确地测量流量的频率,并且低功耗、两线制工作.     

基于双共振的涡街信号检测方法

耦合双稳系统由控制系统和被控系统经非线性方式耦合而成。分析了控制信号作用下耦合双稳系统的双共振特性,提出了基于双共振的随机共振增强方法,并将该方法应用于涡街流量信号的检测。数值仿真和实验结果表明,改变控制信号的频率可在控制系统中产生共振,进而增强被控系统中的随机共振,系统输出功率谱在特征频率处的谱值显著提高,从而准确检测出噪声背景中的微弱涡街信号。     

基于数字滤波与自相关的涡街流量计抗强振动方法改进

涡街流量计容易受到管道振动的干扰,对测量精度造成较大影响,特别是当振动噪声的功率大于涡街信号的功率时,采用通常的数字信号处理方法也无法得到正确的涡街频率.为此,提出将数字滤波和自相关相结合的算法,运用于涡街流量传感器的信号处理,从含有强振动干扰的信号中识别出流量信息.针对该方法在实际实现中遇到的问题,对已有系统软件进行改进和完善.基于MSP430F5418单片机,使用汇编语言编制实数FFT算法实现了自相关函数的运算.     

抗强固定干扰的涡街流量计系统设计及言号处理方法研究

一些工业现场存在较强振动干扰,其频率在涡街流量信号的范围内,且功率大于涡街流量信号的功率.采用数字涡街流量计根据流量信号占优原则来确定流量频率,就无法得到正确的测量结果.为此,设计了陷阱频率、陷阱宽度和陷阱深度可任意调节的陷波滤波器.采用陷波滤波器消除固定强干扰;用功率谱分析计算出涡街流量信号的频率.消除了在涡街流量信号范围内的强固定干扰,又不影响流量的测量.用Microchip公司的dsPIC33FJ256MC710 DSP研制了涡街流量计信号处理系统,并取得很好的实验效果.     

压电晶体式涡街流量传感器及其信号处理

正一、压电晶体传感器漩涡发生体是涡街流量计的关键部件,仪表的流量特性(仪表系数、线性度、范围度等)和阻力特性都与它的几何形状、几何参数和排列方式密切相关。流体通过漩涡发生体后,伴随漩涡的形成和分离,在漩涡发生体周围流体会同步发生流速、压力变化和下游尾流周期振荡。根据涡街现象,检测涡街信号的方式有很多种,通过这些检测技术检测出涡街信号的频率和幅值,获取与流量有关的信息。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

中国质量(北京)大会(英文)

正Themed on"quality,innovation,development",the first China Quality Conference(Beijing)was held in the Great Hall of the People on September 15.Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivered an important speech at the conference.State Councilor Yang Jing and Wang Yong attended the conference with over 600 domestic and international representatives from foreign,regional and international quality organizations     

National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization

正The National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization was held in Beijing on July 15,2014.Wang Min,the Deputy-Minister of the Ministry of Land and Resources,and Yin Minghan,the Chief-Engineer of SAC addressed the meeting.Representatives from relevant competent departments and technical committees were present.The meeting aims to summarize work,discuss existing problems and make clear working thoughts,promoting standardization work of land and resources to a new level.Wang Min pointed out that the standardization work of land and resources should be centered on the basic principles of"protecting land and resources dutifully,intensively and economically utilizing land and resources,and making all-out efforts to safeguard the public’s rights and interests",highlighted the