ITO薄膜的光电子能谱分析

运用ＸＰＳ分析了ＩＴＯ薄膜真空退火前后各元素化学状态的变化情况．研究表明,低温直流磁控反应溅射ＩＴＯ薄膜退火前后Ｓｎ和Ｉｎ处于各自相同的化学状态中．Ｏ以两种化合状态ＯＩ和ＯＩＩ存在,其结合能值分别为５２９．９０±０．３０ｅＶ和５３１．４０±０．２０ｅＶ,分别对应着氧充足和氧缺乏状态.两者面积之比ＲｏＩ／ｏＩＩ从薄膜表面到体内逐渐增大．退火后薄膜表面的ＲｏＩ／ｏＩＩ小于未退火薄膜表面的ＲｏＩ／ｏＩＩ;经Ａｒ＋刻蚀２０ｍｉｎ后,退火薄膜体内的ＲｏＩ／ｏＩＩ大于未退火薄膜体内的ＲｏＩ／ｏＩＩ．这些结果表明,ＩＴＯ薄膜中氧缺位状态主要分布在薄膜表层．     

铁电（Pb_（0．925）La_（0．075））（Zr_（0．65）Ti_（0

本文对射频磁控溅射制备的（Ｐｂ＿（０．９２５）Ｌａ＿（０．０７５）－（Ｚｒ＿（０．６５）Ｔｉ＿（０．３５））＿（０．９８１）Ｏ＿３薄膜作了ＸＰＳ全扫描和窄扫描能谱分析。结果表明，薄膜的表面缺Ｐｂ是形成ＴＺＯ相的主要原因；随着退火温度的升高，薄膜中钙钛矿相的形成导致各元素的结合能发生位移。     

钴掺杂Sr_4Fe_6O_(13)混合导体氧化物结构及透氧测定

用湿化学法合成了Ｓｒ４ＣｏｘＦｅ６－ｘＯ１３±δ系列混合导体氧化物,对其相结构与透氧性能进行了研究．钴离子的引入导致材料中钙钛矿型杂相的出现,Ｘ＝２．０时材料中还产生了ＣｏＯ杂相,ｘ＝２．６时材料呈现钙钛矿型结构．Ｓｒ４Ｆｅ４Ｃｏ２Ｏ１３±δ的相结构还与焙烧温度及环境气氛中的氧浓度密切相关．随着氧浓度的降低,材料从纯相Ｓｒ４Ｆｅ６Ｏ１３结构（纯氧气气氛下）转变为Ｓｒ４Ｆｅ６Ｏ１３结构、钙钛矿型结构和ＣｏＯ共存（空气气氛下）,直至转变为针镍矿结构、 Ｓｒ４Ｆｅ６Ｏ１３结构和 ＣｏＯ共存． Ｓｒ４Ｆｅ６Ｃｏ１３±δ导体膜在ａｉｒ／Ｈｅ氧浓差梯度下的透氧量为 １．５×１０８ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２·ｓ（８５０℃）,在６５０～８５０℃范围内透氧活化能为７０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ．     

无Co混合导电型陶瓷透氧膜的制备和性质研究

首次合成了Ｓｒ１０－ｎ／２ＢｉｎＦｅ２０Ｏｍ（ｎ＝２，４，６，８，１０等）系列氧化物透氧膜，它们具有较高的透氧能力，其中，样品ｎ＝１０在１１００Ｋ时的透氧率为０．９０ｍｌ（ＳＴＤ）／（ｃｍ２·ｍｉｎ），比Ｓｒ１－ｘＢｉｘＦｅＯ３高约两倍．Ｓｒ１－ｘＢｉｘＦｅＯ３（ｘ＝０．１，０．３，０．５）系列的透氧率随Ｂｉ含量增加而增大．通过两个系列氧化物的ＸＲＤ和化学组成的对比，发现Ｂｉ离子含量和晶格空位浓度对透氧能力大小起决定性作用．     

溅射二氧化铈氧敏薄膜的XPS研究

本文用射频磁控溅射法制备了ＣｅＯ２－ｘ高温氧敏薄膜，利用Ｘ射线光电子能谱研究了不同处理条件对ＣｅＯ２－ｘ薄膜电子组态的影响，特别是对表面的价态和吸附性质的影响。通过对Ｃｅ３ｄＸＰＳ谱的高斯拟合，计算了Ｃｅ＾３＋浓度并给出了判定Ｃｅ＾４＋还原的标志。研究结果表明，在空气中经１１７３Ｋ高温退火后可得到结晶完好的多晶ＣｅＯ２薄膜，而薄膜的化学价态没有变化，退火前后薄膜表面总有少量Ｃｅ＾３＋存在（１５％）     

SI—GaAs中的EL2和EL6缺陷团簇相关性研究

用光致电流瞬态谱（ＰＩＴＳ）方法研究了ＬＥＣＳＩ－ＧａＡｓ原生单晶经常规退火和等时快速退火（ＲＴＡ）深能级缺陷的变化。缺陷ＥＬ２（Ｅｃ－０．８２ｅＶ）ＥＬ１２（Ｅｃ－０．７９ｅＶ）表现出类似的ＲＴＡ特性，应属于ＥＬ２缺陷团簇；缺陷ＥＬ６（Ｅｃ－０．３８ｅＶ），ＥＬ８（Ｅｃ－０．２７ｅＶ）和ＥＬ９（Ｅｃ－０．２４ｅＶ０亦具有相似的ＲＴＡ特性，属ＥＬ６缺陷团簇。实验发现，在热退火中，ＥＬ２团簇缺陷密度     

材料表面和界面化学状态的俄歇化学效应研究EI

本文运用俄歇化学效应研究了三种纳米薄膜材料的表面，膜层及界面元素的化学状态。研究结果表明用作可燃气体传感器的氧化锡气敏薄膜在离子注Ｓｂ层中以ＳｂＳｎｏ＿ｘ物种存在，在无Ｓｂ层中则以Ｓｎｏｘ（ｘ＜１）形式存在。高能离子注入的金属Ｓｂ也以ＳｂＳｎＯｘ物种存在。具有太阳能选择性吸收功能的氮化铝薄膜则以ＡｌＮ＿ｘＯ＿ｙ物相存在。而ＡＰＣＶＤ法制备的氮化硅薄膜热氧化不稳定的本质则是由于成膜过程中在膜层中包埋了活性较强的自由硅，该自由Ｓｉ容易和热处理气氛中的残余氧反应，从而促进了Ｓｉ＿３Ｎ＿４簿膜层的氧化。     

PECVD法淀积氟碳掺杂的氧化硅薄膜表征

以正硅酸乙酯（ＴＥＯＳ）和八氟环丁烷（Ｃ４Ｆ８）为原料,采用等离子体增强化学气相淀积（ＰＥＣＶＤ）方法制备了氟碳掺杂的氧化硅薄膜（ＳｉＣＯＦ）．样品的Ｘ射线光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）和傅立叶变换红外光谱（ＦＴＩＲ）分析表明薄膜中含有Ｓｉ－Ｆ、Ｓｉ－Ｏ、Ｃ－Ｆ、Ｃ－ＣＦ_ｘ、ＣＦ₂等构型．刚淀积的薄膜的折射率约为１．４０．对暴露在空气中以及在不同温度下退火后薄膜的折射率做了测量,并对其变化机理进行了讨论,同时表明了理想的淀积温度应是３００℃．     

RF等离子体CVD合成氮化碳薄膜的XPS研究

采用射频等离子体化学气相沉积技术合成氮化碳薄膜，测量其Ｘ射线光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ），获得两组Ｃ（１ｓ）电子和Ｎ（ｌｓ）电子结合能，它们是Ｅ（Ｃ＾１）＝３９８．０￣３９８．７ｅＶ，Ｅ（Ｃ＾２）＝２８４．６￣２８４．８ｅＶ；Ｅ（Ｎ＾１）＝３９８。０￣３９８．７ｅＶ，Ｅ（Ｎ＾２）＝４００．０￣４００．９ｅＶ。证实了薄膜中碳原子存在ｓｐ＾３杂化轨道成键和ｓｐ＾２杂化轨道成键两种键合形式。该方法合成的氮化碳薄     

用XPS研究BaTiO3在Sn离子注入及退火后的结合状态

电子光谱（ＸＰＳ）对Ｓｎ离子注入ＢａＴｉＯ３热敏材料及其不同条件下退火后的结构进行了研究，结果表明，氧在未注入样品中只有一种化学结合状态，而在注入后的样品中呈现两种化学状态；Ｓｎ在经注入后但未退火的样品中有两种价态出现，而在退火后转变为一种价态；Ｂａ，Ｔｉ的化学状态在注入和退火后均未发生明显的变化。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

中国质量(北京)大会(英文)

正Themed on"quality,innovation,development",the first China Quality Conference(Beijing)was held in the Great Hall of the People on September 15.Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivered an important speech at the conference.State Councilor Yang Jing and Wang Yong attended the conference with over 600 domestic and international representatives from foreign,regional and international quality organizations     

National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization

正The National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization was held in Beijing on July 15,2014.Wang Min,the Deputy-Minister of the Ministry of Land and Resources,and Yin Minghan,the Chief-Engineer of SAC addressed the meeting.Representatives from relevant competent departments and technical committees were present.The meeting aims to summarize work,discuss existing problems and make clear working thoughts,promoting standardization work of land and resources to a new level.Wang Min pointed out that the standardization work of land and resources should be centered on the basic principles of"protecting land and resources dutifully,intensively and economically utilizing land and resources,and making all-out efforts to safeguard the public’s rights and interests",highlighted the