Multi-resolution fuzzy clustering approach for image-based particle characterization for particle systems

Online characterization of particles is an important step for maintaining desired product quality in particulate processes. Direct real-time image analysis is a promising method for monitoring particle systems, and is becoming increasingly more attractive due to availability of high speed imaging devices and equally powerful computers. Performing image segmentation (separation of objects (particles) within one image) accurately becomes a key issue in particle image analysis. This paper presents a novel technique based on combining wavelet transform and Fuzzy C-means Clustering (FCM) for particle image segmentation. Through performing wavelet transform on images, the noise and high frequency components of images can be eliminated and the textures and features can be obtained. FCM is then used to divide data into two clusters to separate touching objects. To quantitatively evaluate this method, a case study involving a particle image is investigated. The procedure of selecting optimum wavelet function and decomposition level for this image is presented. ‘Fuzzy range’ is used as a derived feature for segmentation. The number of particles, particle equivalent diameters, and size distribution before and after partition are discussed. The results show that this method is effective and reliable.     

基于HSV空间的岩心图像处理

针对石油勘探中的岩心图像在分割过程中难以有效识别出灰度值相近的颗粒与颗粒、颗粒与背景的边缘信息,且容易造成过度分割或欠分割的问题,提出一种彩色图像分割并获取颗粒粒度分布的算法,并将结果与灰度迭代算法、最大熵法和分水岭算法分割结果进行比较。结果表明,该算法以彩色图像HSV模型的V分量为依据进行图像分割,可以在较为复杂的岩心背景下校正分割结果,更准确地分割出目标和背景颜色相近的边缘,获得砾石、泥沙颗粒的粒度分布。     

Breast cancer diagnosis from mammographic images using optimized feature selection and neural network architecture

Breast cancer is one of the deadly diseases in women that have raised the mortality rate of women. An accurate and early detection of breast cancer using mammogram images is still a complex task. Hence, this article proposes a novel breast cancer detection model, which included five major phases: (a) preprocessing, (b) segmentation, (c) feature extraction, (d) feature selection, and (e) classification. The input mammogram image is initially preprocessed using contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) and median filtering. The preprocessed image is then subjected to segmentation via the region growing algorithm. Subsequently, geometric features, texture features and gradient features are extracted from the segmented image. Since the length of the feature vector is large, it is essential to select the optimal features. Here, the selection of optimal features is done by a hybrid optimization algorithm. Once the optimal features are selected, they are subjected to the classification process involving the neural network (NN) classifier. As a novelty, the weight of NN is selected optimally to enhance the accuracy of diagnosis (benign and malignant). The optimal feature selection as well as the weight optimization of NN is accomplished by merging the Lion algorithm (LA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), named as velocity updated lion algorithm (VU‐LA). Finally, a performance‐based evaluation is carried out between VU‐LA and the existing models like, whale optimization algorithm (WOA), gray wolf optimization (GWO), firefly (FF), PSO, and LA.     

基于谱直方图表示和支持向量机的纹理分类

在纹理分类中采用谱直方图表示(SHR),每个图像窗表示一个包含滤波后图像直方图的特征向量,而直方图是图像谱表示的连接桥梁.在滤波器选择算法之前,结合每个图像分块和滤波器的独立谱表示和直方图,可以获得更加低层的局部特征.最后,时所有独立滤波器采用滤波器选择算法来得到所需的少量滤波器.为了保证分类的可靠性,选择高斯径向基函数(RBF)进行谱直方图表示,采用支持向量机(SVMs)作为分类函数.对本文方法和其它两种方法:Gabor滤波和独立成分分析(ICA)进行了纹理分类和脸部识别的比较实验.实验结果表明,本文方法具有更高的分类准确性,也证明了SVMs优秀的泛化能力.     

独立分量分析的图像融合算法

独立分量分析可实现图像的稀疏编码并具有能很好地捕捉图像重要边缘信息的特性.本文提出一种基于独立分量分析的图像融合算法,结合支持向量机对多聚焦图像的清晰域、模糊域进行判断以及在ICA域中进行图像分割以提取图像的主要边缘特征信息来实现特征级的多聚焦图像的融合.实验结果表明,本文提出的融合算法是有效的.     

Fuzzy relevance vector machine based classification of lung nodules in computed tomography images

Lung cancer is a critical disease with growing death rate, hence, the faster identification and treatment of lung cancer is essential. In medical image processing, the traditional methods like support vector machine, relevance vector machine for classifying cancer tissues are less sensitive to false data and required optimal improvement in classification accuracy. The proposed system of accurate lung cancer classification is obtained by a hybrid fuzzy relevance vector machine (FRVM) classifier with correlation negation ant colony optimization (CNACO) algorithm. This system provides enhanced accuracy and sensitivity by implementing two stages of feature extraction, image thresholding, and tumor segmentation, with a novel feature selection and tumor classification algorithm. The best features are selected by the proposed CNACO algorithm. The selected features are labeled and classified by FRVM classifier. The proposed classification scheme is validated on lung image database consortium and image database resource initiative public database and obtained accuracy of about 98.75%.     

印刷网点微观图像阈值分割算法研究

目的 通过阈值处理方法, 准确获取网点微观图像的特征参数, 将其与仪器测量值相结合, 综合评价印刷品复制质量。方法 提出一种基于高斯函数模型拟合网点图像灰度直方图数据的阈值分割算法, 寻找网点类图像最佳分割阈值, 对图像进行二值化处理, 得到准确的网点参数。结果 得到的印刷品网点面积率在全阶调范围内更接近于测量值, 分割效果明显优于传统的阈值分割算法。结论 提出的高斯拟合阈值分割算法更有利于提取网点类图像的微观参数, 精度高, 稳定性好,为获取准确的网点图像微观参数提供了理论与实践参考。     

Forty-Sixth Annual Exhibition of the Institute of Physics and the Physical Society

Abstract

The frequency histogram of connected elements (FHCE) is a recently proposed algorithm that has successfully been applied in various medical image segmentation tasks. The FHCE is based on the idea that most pixels belong to the same class as their neighbouring pixels. However, the FHCE performance relies to a great extent on the optimal selection of a threshold parameter. Since evaluating segmentation results is a highly subjective process, a collection of threshold values must typically be examined. No algorithm has been proposed to automate the determination of the threshold parameter value of the FHCE. This study presents a method based on the fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm, designed to automatically generate optimal threshold values for the FHCE. This new approach was applied as a part of a structured sequence of image processing steps in order to facilitate segmentation of microcalcifications in digitized mammograms. A unique threshold value was generated for each mammogram, taking into account the different grey-level patterns based on different compositions of various breast tissues in it. The segmentation algorithm was tested on 100 mammograms (50 collected from the Mammographic Image Analysis Society and 50 normal mammograms onto which a number of simulated microcalcifications were generated). The algorithm was able to detect subtle microcalcifications with sensitivity ranging from 93 to 98%, False alarm ratio from 3 to 5% and false negatives variability from 2 to 3%.     

Airplane extraction and identification by improved PCNN with wavelet transform and modified Zernike moments

At an airport, the information of the number and positions of airplanes is very important for the applications of air navigation. Especially, the information from airplane extraction and identification is significant in both civil and military remote sensing. In this paper, according to the characteristics of airplanes and airport in satellite remote sensing images, a new airplane image segmentation algorithm is proposed based on improved pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN) with wavelet transform, and airplane identification algorithm is carried out by using modified Zernike moments. Firstly, for an original image, a PCNN model is improved and then used to do image segmentation by combining the wavelet transform. Then, in order to reduce the number of irrespective targets in the image and increase the processing speed, the airplanes in the original image are roughly detected on the characteristics of the segmented object contour geometries. Finally, the Zernike moments are modified and then applied to identify the roughly detected airplanes accurately. By comparing to the five traditional image segmentation algorithms for the same airplane images, the testing results show that the improved PCNN image segmentation algorithm can segment and detect airplane regions at an airport accurately at a high recognising rate and with high recognising stability, and it is not affected by the image shadows and rotations.     

基于2D-WLDH和最大类间方差的图像阈值分割及其快速递推算法

本文提出了一个新的二维直方图(2D-WLDH),同时提出了基于2D-WLDH和最大类间方差的图像阈值选取方法,并导出相应快速递推算法。新提出的2D-WLDH在区域划分时可以避免传统直方图区域划分时面临的不合理的假设,通过计算比较小的归一化的WLD值来准确估计目标和背景的概率。本文实验结果表明:与现有的有关算法相比,本文提出的阈值选取快速递推算法不仅使分割后的图像区域内部更均匀、边界形状更准确、抵抗噪声稳健,而且同时其运行时间还减少了约84.93%。     

基于评价知识的图象分割算法优选系统

报道了基于评价知识对分割算法进行优选的研究进展。提出了通用分割评价框架和客观定量的分割质量评价准则，据此利用对算法进行评价和对分割效果进行比较的方法实现了第一个图象分割算法优选系统。讨论了基于评价知识选取最优分割算法的策略和系统设计的原理，给出了用实际图象进行算法优选和分割得到的结果，验证了系统的有效性。     

A new images segmentation method based on modified particle swarm optimization algorithm

The partitioning of an image into several constituent components is called image segmentation. Many approaches have been developed; one of them is the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, which is widely used. PSO algorithm is one of the most recent stochastic optimization strategies. In this article, a new efficient technique for the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain images segmentation thematic based on PSO is proposed. The proposed algorithm presents an improved variant of PSO, which is particularly designed for optimal segmentation and it is called modified particle swarm optimization. The fitness function is used to evaluate all the particle swarm in order to arrange them in a descending order. The algorithm is evaluated by performance measures such as run time execution and the quality of the image after segmentation. The performance of the segmentation process is demonstrated by using a defined set of benchmark images and compared against conventional PSO, genetic algorithm, and PSO with Mahalanobis distance based segmentation methods. Then we applied our method on MRI brain image to determinate normal and pathological tissues. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 23, 265–271, 2013     

Deep learning and optimization algorithms for automatic breast cancer detection

Breast cancer is caused by the abnormal and rapid growth of breast cells. An early diagnosis can ensure an easier and effective treatment. A mass in the breast is a significant early sign of breast cancer, even though differentiating the cancerous mass's tissue from normal tissue for diagnosis is a difficult task for radiologists. The development of computer-aided detection systems in recent years has led to nondestructive and efficient cancer diagnostic techniques. This paper proposes a comprehensive method to locate the cancerous region in the mammogram image. This method employs image noise reduction, optimal image segmentation based on the convolutional neural network, a grasshopper optimization algorithm, and optimized feature extraction and feature selection based on the grasshopper optimization algorithm, thereby improving precision and decreasing the computational cost. This method was applied to the Mammographic Image Analysis Society Digital Mammogram Database and Digital Database for Screening Mammography breast cancer databases and the simulation results were compared with 10 different state-of-the-art methods to analyze the proposed system's efficiency. Final results showed that the proposed method had 96% Sensitivity, 93% Specificity, 85% PPV, 97% NPV, 92% accuracy, and better efficiency than other traditional methods in terms of Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, and Accuracy.     

Application of core vector machines for on-line voltage security assessment using a decisiontree-based feature selection algorithm

This study presents a core vector machine (CVM)-based algorithm for on-line voltage security assessment of power systems. To classify the system security status, a CVM has been trained for each contingency. The proposed CVM-based security assessment algorithm has a very small training time and space in comparison with support vector machines (SVMs) and artificial neural networks (ANNs)-based algorithms. The proposed algorithm produces less support vectors (SVs). Therefore is faster than existing algorithms. One of the main points to apply a machine learning method is feature selection. In this study, a new decision tree (DT)-based feature selection algorithm has been presented. The proposed CVM algorithm has been applied to New England 39-bus power system. The simulation results show the effectiveness and the stability of the proposed method for on-line voltage security assessment. The effectiveness of the proposed feature selection algorithm has also been investigated. The proposed feature selection algorithm has been compared with different feature selection algorithms. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed feature algorithm.     

Fuzzy entropy‐based MR brain image segmentation using modified particle swarm optimization

This article presents an image segmentation technique based on fuzzy entropy, which is applied to magnetic resonance (MR) brain images in order to detect brain tumors. The proposed method performs image segmentation based on adaptive thresholding of the input MR images. The image is classified into two membership functions (MFs) of the fuzzy region: Z‐function and S‐function. The optimal parameters of these fuzzy MFs are obtained using modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) algorithm. The objective function for obtaining the optimal fuzzy MF parameters is considered to be the maximum fuzzy entropy. Through a number of examples, The performance is compared with existing entropy based object segmentation approaches and the superiority of the proposed method is demonstrated. The experimental results are compared with the exhaustive search method and Otsu's segmentation technique. The result shows the proposed fuzzy entropy‐based segmentation method optimized using MPSO achieves maximum entropy with proper segmentation of infected areas and with minimum computational time. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 23, 281–288, 2013     

Glioma brain tumor detection and segmentation using weighting random forest classifier with optimized ant colony features

The uncontrolled growth of cells in brain regions leads to the tumor regions and these abnormal tumor regions are scanned by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique as an image. This paper proposes random forest classifier based Glioma brain tumor detection and segmentation methodology using feature optimization technique. The texture features are derived from brain MRI image and these derived feature set are now optimized by ant colony optimization algorithm. These optimized set of features are trained and classified using random forest classification method. This classifier classifies the brain MRI image into Glioma or non-Glioma image based on the optimized set of features. Furthermore, energy-based segmentation method is applied on the classified Glioma image for segmenting the tumor regions. The proposed methodology for Glioma brain tumor stated in this paper achieves 97.7% of sensitivity, 96.5% of specificity, and 98.01% of accuracy.     

基于比例特征的区域分割算法在药板缺陷检测中的研究

目的 为解决铝塑泡罩药板图像ROI区域定位慢、精度差等问题,本文提出一种基于比例特征的泡罩区域分割算法,该算法可以快速定位并分割泡罩ROI区域,结合图像相关性特征算法对铝塑泡罩药板进行缺陷检测。方法 首先通过工业相机采集药品包装生产线上的药板原始图像,接着使用Blob分析从原始图片中分离出铝塑泡罩主体部分,然后通过仿射变换将图像放置在中心区域,并使用比例特征分割算法对泡罩区域进行分割,最后通过金字塔加速的NCC算法完成缺陷检测。结果 实验结果表明,基于比例特征分割后的图像平均NCC匹配时间为9 ms,在缺陷样本占比20%的实验中误检率为0.167%,漏检率为0.556%。结论 通过比例特征分割出精准的泡罩ROI区域结合改进的NCC算法,在拥有较高准确率的同时大幅减少了缺陷检测时图像匹配的时间,能较好地完成铝塑泡罩药板的缺陷检测任务。     

C/C复合材料组分含量的图像分析方法

C/C复合材料的组分含量测量是进行性能分析和改进工艺的有效手段。本文作者在分析化学气相渗透工艺(CVI)制备的纯净组织C/C复合材料偏振光显微图像特点的基础上, 基于模式识别原理提出了一种自适应多目标图像分割方法。根据最大类间方差准则、 采用改进的Otsu算法, 该系统自动计算孔隙、 纤维和热解炭各相间的最佳分割阈值。实验结果表明, 该方法不受C/C复合材料组分含量和组分分布形式的影响, 分割质量满足定量测量的要求。      

相似度距离耦合角度径向变换的图像配准算法

目的为了解决当前图像配准算法因利用l1距离或l2距离相似度测量手段来完成图像特征点匹配,使其忽略了相位信息,难以有效消除高斯噪声的影响,使其配准精度与效率不佳不足的问题。方法提出最优相似度距离耦合角度径向变换的抗噪图像配准算法。首先引入角度径向变换,以降低算法复杂度,快速提取图像的特征点。然后联合图像的幅度和相位信息,基于欧式距离测度,定义最优相似度距离测量模型,通过求解其全局最小值,对特征点完成匹配,提高算法的抗噪性能。最后将图像分割为内点与外点,择取6个内点,通过计算其变换矩的几何配准误差,改进随机样本一致策略,对匹配进行提纯,消除误配。结果仿真实验结果显示,与当前基于l1距离或l2距离相似度测量的图像配准技术相比,该算法具有更强的抗高斯噪声性能和更高的匹配精度,且算法时耗最短。结论所提算法能够精确完成图像特征配准。     

基于色彩特征的超声医学图像分析方法

图像分割是计算机图像识别和理解的基础，本文提出一种基于色彩特征的彩色多普勒图像分割和基于频域双线性插值的图像旋转与用户交互式剪切相结合的图像分析方法，通过计算彩色超声医学图像的三基色R，G，B的色彩特征，提取出感兴趣的区域并实现了图像的分割，实验证明这是快速可行的彩色分割方法。