氧离子束辅助激光制备具有组构的YBCO薄膜

应用氧离子束辅助准分子脉冲激光沉积薄膜技术,先在ＮｉＣｒ合金（Ｈａｓｔｅｌｌｏｙ ｃ－２７５）基底上在室温下淀积具有平面织构的钇稳锆（ＹＳＺ） 缓冲层薄膜,再在 ＹＳＺ／ＮｉＣｒ基底上在 ７５０℃下制备具有平面织构和高临界电流密度的 ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－Ｘ（ＹＢＣＯ）薄膜、 ＹＳＺ和 ＹＢＣＯ薄膜都为 ｃ－轴取向和平面织构的, ＹＳＺ（２０２）和 ＹＢＣＯ（１０３）的 Ｘ射线扫描衍射峰的全宽半峰值分别为 １８＇和 １１＇．ＹＢＣＯ薄膜的临界温度和临界电流密度分别为 ９０Ｋ（Ｒ＝０）和 ７．９ｘ１０５Ａ／ｃｍ２（７７Ｋ,零磁场）．     

影响BiSrCaCuO110K相高温超导薄膜生长的因素

本文综述了后处理及原位生长ＢｉＣｒＣｕＯ高潮温超导薄膜的主要进展，重点讨论了影响１１０Ｋ相生长速率的工艺因素及提高Ｂｉ系高温超导薄膜质量的可能方法。     

运行在Windows NT平台上的包装印前软件——PACKLINE NT

本刊讯】１９９９年４月２２日,在美国麻省剑桥一次与ＢＡＲＣＯ主要客户分享ＢＡＲＣＯ对集成包装印前系统的全面认识的活动上,ＢＡＲＣＯ包装系统部推出了ＰＡＣＫＬＩＮＥＮＴ生产软件。这种在标准ＰＣＷｉｎｄｏｗｓＮＴ上运行的全新软件包含了所有ＢＡＲＣＯＦＡＳ...     

C70在GaAs电极上的光电性能研究

在光电化学电池中测定Ｃ７０球稀在ＧａＡｓ电极上所形成异质结的光伏效应，并研究不同介质电对和Ｃ７０薄膜厚度对光伏效应的影响，结果表明，１）Ｉ２／Ｉ３是较佳的介质电对，２）Ｃ７０薄膜厚度约为１μｍ时光伏效应较大，３）Ｃ７０在ＧａＡｓ电极上的光电性能是优良的。     

阻隔性塑料包装膜透氧率的图算法

介绍了利用算图求阻隔性包装膜透氧率的图算法,用文中的算图能方便迅速地求出厚度为２￣１００μｍ的ＰＶＣ、ＰＥＴ,ＯＮＹ、Ｂａｒｅｘ２１０,ＫＰＰ,ＰＶＤＣ,ＥＶＯＨ等聚合物薄膜在１０￣６０℃温度范围内的透氧率和氧渗透系数。     

食品包装与色彩

食品包装与色彩焦毅ＣＯＬＯＲＡＮＤＦＯＯＤＰＡＣＫＡＧＩＮＧ￥ＪｉａｏＹｉＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：ＰａｃｋａｇｉｎｇｉｎＣｈｉｎａｈａｓｅｎｊｏｙｅｄａｒａｐｉｄｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｉｎｔｈｅｐａｓｔｙｅａｒｓ．Ｂｕｔｉｔｉｓｓｔｉｌｌｆａｒｂｅｈｉｎｄ...     

Sol-Gel法制备 BaxSr1-xTiO3铁电薄膜化学机制的探讨

用ＦＴＩＲ分析,结合ＤＳＣ、ＸＲＤ、ＡＦＭ实验结果,展示了ｓｏｌ－ｇｅｌ法制备ＢａｘＳｒ１－ｘＴｉＯ３（ＢＳＴ）薄膜热演化过程的化学机制．研究表明：螯合剂ＨＡＣＡＣ的引入减缓钛醇盐水解速率、改善晶化途径、降低结晶起始温度,从而制得了晶化完善、致密无裂纹的ＢＳＴ薄膜．     

C60/PVK/CdS纳米粒子功能复合 LB 膜研究

目的 尝试用Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ－Ｂｌｏｄｇｅｔｔ（ＬＢ）技术组装Ｃ６０技术组装Ｃ６０功能复合体系的新方法。方法 采用（ＬＢ）技术制备Ｃ６０／ＰＶＫ／ＣｄＳ花生酸混合ＬＢ膜并利用界面化学反应技术将混合膜与硫化氢气体反应制得Ｃ６０／ＰＶＫ／ＣｄＳ纳米粒子功能复合ＬＢ膜并进行紫外光谱表征。结果 含不同比例Ｃ６０的Ｃ６０ＰＶＫ／ＡＡ体系可以在辐亚相上形成稳定的单层膜并转移到固体基片上得到了ＬＢ多层膜,ＬＢ混     

OPTIMAL ROCK DYNAMIC FRAGMETAION BY CONTROLLED BLASTING

ＯＰＴＩＭＡＬＲＯＣＫＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＦＲＡＧＭＥＴＡＩＯＮＢＹＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＬＥＤＢＬＡＳＴＩＮＧ￥ｗｅｉＹｏｕｚｈｉ；ＬｉｕＱｉｎｇｒｏｎｇ（ＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＰｏｓｔｇｒａｄｕａｔｅＳｃｈｏｏｌ（ＲｏｃｋＢｌａｓｔｉｎｇＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＳｅｃｔｉｏｎ...     

Bitzer制冷设备

Ｂｉｔｚｅｒ制冷设备德国ＢＩＴＺＥＲ制冷设备有限公司（ＢＩＴＡＲＫＵＨＬＭＡＳＣＨＩＮＥＮＢＡＵＧＭＢＨ＆ＣＯ．ＫＧ）是在欧洲领先的生产用于制冷和空调的活塞式和螺杆式压缩机的企业。ＢＩＴＺＥＲ总部所在的德国西南部，是历史悠久的高新技术中心。除了在辛德...     

Quadrupole-based glow discharge mass spectrometer: Design and results compared to secondary ion mass spectrometry analyses

A design of quadrupole-based glow discharge mass spectrometer is briefly presented. A glow discharge occurs when a DC voltage (up to 3 kV) is applied between two electrodes in a cell filled with Ar at ∼1 hPa pressure. In this configuration, the sample acts as the cathode, and its surface (∼12 mm²) is sputtered by impacting Ar ions. The sputtered neutral atoms are ionised downstream in the plasma, and are extracted through a diaphragm to an energy filter and quadrupole spectrometer (6 mm rods) in high vacuum. The processes of sputtering and ionisation are separated, therefore reducing matrix effects.Preliminary results of elemental analysis of stainless steel, chromium-vanadium steel, Al-Mg-Cu and Armco alloys are presented. These results are compared to secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) results obtained for the same set of samples using a 5 keV Ar⁺ ion beam and a quadrupole mass analyser (16 mm rods). The glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS) results allowed us to find SIMS relative sensitivity factors (RSF) for the analysed materials. Simple design and quick analysis time makes the new GDMS analyser an attractive tool in material technology.     

结构的多重双重调谐质量阻尼器控制策略

提出多重双重调谐质量阻尼器（MDTMD）控制策略。MDTMD由任意奇数或偶数的双重调谐质量阻尼器（DTMD）组成。MDTMD参数组合形成十种MDTMD模型即MDTMD（I-1）-MDTMD（I-5）模型和MDTMD（II-1）-MDTMD（II-5）模型。利用定义的优化准则，评价了MDTMD（I-1）的控制性能。数值结果表明MDTMD（I-1）比DTMD和基于任意整数多重调谐质量阻尼器（MTMD）和基于奇数MTMD具有更好的有效性和鲁棒性。但MDTMD冲程大于DTMD冲程；MDTMD小TMD冲程大于MTMD冲程。     

面向大规模定制的项目管理研究

在大规模定制(Mass Customization，MC)时代，传统的产品开发管理方式已不再有效．通过项目管理可以提高大规模定制产品开发的管理水平．本文在对大规模定制产品开发及其项目管理的特点分析的基础上，提出了面向MC的项目管理模型．为了获取更好的项目管理效果，面向MC的项目管理在通用项目管理方法的基础上，还要采取适合MC特点的具体项目管理运作方式．最后，对面向MC的项目结构分解(PBS)、项目组织以及集成项目管理系统体系结构进行了探讨，并进行了简单的案例分析。     

基于GDSS的大规模动态定制供应链协调系统的研究

在指出目前普遍采用的大规模定制系统的局限性的基础上，提出了更具有普遍适用性的大规模定制系统——大规模动态定制系统(MDCS)，并在对其特性详细分析的基础上，对MDCS构建展开了分析，提出了基于GDSS的供应链协调与管理系统。     

装有贝塞尔盒型能量分析仪的电离规和四极质谱计的研制

贝塞尔盒型能量分析仪由三部分组成 :一个圆筒形电极、一个中心圆盘和两个带中心孔的侧板 ,该分析仪结构简单、结实 ,十分适用于电离规和四极质谱计上。对电离规而言 ,分析仪被放置于电离器及离子收集器之间。在栅型电离器中所产生的离子被分离并注入到能量分析仪中。分析仪依据其激发的能量把电离器中产生的气相离子和栅网表面上脱附的电子激励解吸的离子分离开。如果应用一个法拉第杯型离子收集器和一个灵敏的直流放大器来进行离子流测量的话 ,那么该电离规测量范围在 10 - 1 0 ～ 10 - 3Pa之间。当二次电子倍增器采用脉冲计数方法时 ,所测量的压力范围在 10 - 1 1～ 10 - 6 Pa之间 (Ax TRAN,ISX2 ,U L VAC公司 ) .其典型灵敏度对氮气而言为 (6 .7± 0 .2 )× 10 - 3Pa- 1 和对氢而言为 (2 .3± 0 .0 4 )× 10 - 3Pa- 1 。对四极质谱计而言 ,能量分析仪被置于在电离器和四极滤质器之间。装有该分析仪的质谱计 ,给出了没有电子激励解吸离子的简单质谱。该分析仪能使四极质谱计的离子收集器免受从栅网表面发射的 X射线的辐射 ,和从电离器中的离子以及被激发的分子在退激励过程中释放的紫外线的辐射。这种屏蔽作用改善了在 10 - 3Pa范围内的气体中微量杂质的检测极限 ,使之降至亿分之几     

SIMS and GDMS depth profile analysis of hard coatings

Rapid development in hard coating technology calls for simple construction depth profile analysers. Here we present results of depth profile analysis of a set of Ar arc plasma deposited TiN, CrN layers. The results are obtained with the use of recently constructed simple glow discharge mass spectrometer (GDMS) and compared with secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS). In SIMS (SAJW-05 model) we apply 5 keV Ar⁺ ion beam of about 100 μm in diameter. Digitally controlled spiral scanning of primary ion beam is performed over 1.6 mm² area. Secondary ions are extracted from the central part due to an “electronic gate” and analysed by quadrupole mass spectrometer QMA-410 Balzers (16 mm rods).GDMS analyses are performed on SMWJ-01 glow discharge prototype spectrometer. To supply discharge in 1 hPa argon we use 1.5 kV DC voltage. The analysed sample works as a cathode in a discharge cell. Area of the analysis is ∼4 mm² due to the use of secondary cathode—high purity tantalum diaphragm. Sputtered atoms are ionised, next extracted into the analytical chamber and finally analysed by the quadrupole mass analyser SRS-200 (6 mm rods).The results show that the use of simple construction GDMS analyser allows obtaining similar or even slightly better depth resolution than it can be obtained in the SIMS spectrometer. Application of glow discharge analysis opens new possibilities in direct quantitative depth profile analysis of hard coatings.     

结合大规模定制生产实施客户关系管理

通过对客户关系管理产生的根本原因和它所包含的朴素思想进行的分析 ,认为要想对客户关系进行有效的管理 ,必须和大规模定制的思想结合起来 ,在大规模定制思想的指导下 ,对企业的业务流程进行合理化的改造 ,两者的有机结合才能使企业获得更大的竞争优势 .本文并对客户关系管理的实施进行了阐述 .     

Association between novel indices of malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome and cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients

Background: Inflammation and malnutrition are recognized as important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Owing to substantial short‐term variability of serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), more reliable markers of malnutrition–inflammation complex syndrome should be sought with stronger associations with the risk of CVD in HD patients. We therefore explored the clinical relevance of a composite inflammatory index (prognostic inflammatory and nutritional index [PINI]) and of muscle protein mass indicators, derived from creatinine kinetics. Methods: This cross‐sectional study included 177 HD patients (89 women and 88 men; median age, 67.73 years). CVD and risk factors were assessed using medical charts, clinical examination, and biochemical measurements performed at inclusion. Lean body mass (LBM) was derived from creatinine kinetic modeling, whereas PINI was calculated as the ratio (CRP ×α1‐acid‐glycoprotein)/(albumin × transthyretin). Patients were divided according to the presence or absence of established CVD. Results: The traditional risk factors diabetes (odds ratio [OR], 5.83; p = 0.0045) and smoking (OR, 3.50; p < 0.02) were associated with an increase in prevalent CVD. Low transthyretin (OR, 3.79; p < 0.02) and high levels of CRP (OR, 2.70; p < 0.05), PINI (OR, 3.44; p < 0.02), observed LBM (OR, 3.01; p < 0.05), and the ratio of observed/expected LBM (OR, 4.24; p < 0.01) were associated with CVD after adjustment for age, sex, dialysis center, and dialysis vintage. After additional adjustment for diabetes and smoking, only PINI (OR, 2.85; p = 0.0446) and observed/expected LBM (OR, 2.96; p = 0.0361) were still significant. Conclusion: PINI and LBM are associated with increased relative risk for having CVD and could be used routinely to examine the degree of severity of malnutrition inflammation complex syndrome.     

纳米细菌纤维素的生物合成

采用木醋杆茵茵株A.xylinumHN001,以椰子水为培养基,生物合成了纳米细茵纤维素(NBC).研究了影响纳米细菌纤维素合成的几个主要因素:培养时间、培养基初始pH值和培养方式.实验所得NBC的产率为1.2g/L.采用凝胶渗透色谱仪(GFC)测定了相对分子质量及其分布,其相对分子质量分布指数(MMD)约为1.0,说明相对分子质量均匀.采用透射电镜测试了形貌,证明NBC分子近似球形,直径约100nm.NBC冷冻干燥后采用红外光谱确证了结构.     

施工中大桥桥塔的TMD减振研究

施工中大桥桥塔的风致振动对施工具有很大的危害,采用调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)对其进行减振。首先,通过一个二自由度的振动模型来阐述TMD装置的工作原理,并导出了TMD参数和外激励频率与减振效果的之间的关系。然后,在讨论大桥桥塔结构按一阶模态向一个单自由度系统的等效简化问题中,提出了一种基于固有频率的等效质量简便算法。最后,结合崖门大桥的桥塔施工进行实例TMD减振分析, 实测结果表明TMD的减振效果非常好但其设计过程也很复杂。